CONGENITAL EXPRESSION OF mdr-1 GENE IN FRESH CANCER TISSUES FROM SEVERAL HIGH-INCIDENCE NEOPLASMS WITHOUT PREOPERATIVE CHEMOTHERAPY

ＣＯＮＧＥＮＩＴＡＬＥＸＰＲＥＳＳＩＯＮＯＦｍｄｒ１ＧＥＮＥＩＮＦＲＥＳＨＣＡＮＣＥＲＴＩＳＳＵＥＳＦＲＯＭＳＥＶＥＲＡＬＨＩＧＨＩＮＣＩＤＥＮＣＥＮＥＯＰＬＡＳＭＳＷＩＴＨＯＵＴＰＲＥＯＰＥＲＡＴＩＶＥＣＨＥＭＯＴＨＥＲＡＰＹＺｈａｎｇＹａｎｍ...     

天狼星红染色法结合图像分析在放射性肺纤维化研究中的应用

应用天狼星红染色切片进行偏振光显微镜观察，可明确地区分Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原并显示两型胶原在肺组织中的分布及其变化规律，配合图像分析法，可以测定不同剂量照射后三个月各组肺内Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原纤维的比值变化；将这一方法与肺组织羟脯氨酸含量测定相比较，表明二者在显示肺纤维化程度和变化趋势上具有相同的结果。     

Bladder tissue pharmacokinetics of intravesical taxol

Our previous studies have suggested that the ineffectiveness of intravesical mitomycin C or doxorubicin therapy against muscle-invading bladder cancer is in part because of the inability of these drugs to penetrate the urothelium (the urothelial drug concentration is <5% of the concentration in urine). The goal of the present study was to identify agents that are efficiently absorbed across the urothelium. To evaluate the potential use of taxol in intravesical therapy for bladder cancer, we examined the bladder tissue and systemic plasma pharmacokinetics of intravesical taxol in dogs. Animals (∼8 kg body weight) were given an instillation of taxol at 500 μg in 20 ml water. At 120 min postinstillation, the bladder was emptied and excised, and about 85% of the dose was recovered in the urine. The taxol concentration in the urothelium was about 50% of the concentration in the urine, the concentrations then declined logarithmically in the underlying capillary-perfused tissues. The average tissue concentration (∼2 μg/g) was two to three times the reported plasma concentration of 0.75 μg/ml in patients following intravenous infusion of the >100-fold higher dose of 250 mg/m². The steady-state plasma concentration was <0.02% of the average tissue concentration, and was <0.05% of the maximally tolerated plasma concentration in patients. The octanol:water partitioning coefficients of taxol, doxorubicin, and mitomycin were >99, 0.52, and 0.41, which parallels the rank order of the partitioning across urothelium, i.e. taxol (∼50%) >> doxorubicin ≈ mitomycin C (∼3%). In summary, the partitioning of taxol across the urothelium was more favorable than the partitioning of mitomycin C and doxorubicin, and the systemic concentration of taxol resulting from intravesical treatment was insignificant in spite of the extensive absorption into the bladder. We conclude that intravesical delivery of taxol provides a significant bladder tissue targeting advantage, and that taxol represents a viable candidate drug for intravesical bladder cancer therapy. Received: 20 September 1996 / Accepted: 2 December 1996     

丹参酮诱导HL—60细胞分化及凋亡的流式细胞术分析

应用体外细胞培养及流式细胞仪技术，分析了丹参酮作用前后HL－60细胞的细胞周期分布、细胞增殖指数、p53、c－myc、c－fos及bc1－2基因产物的表达变化，并以全反式维甲酸为对照。结果表明：0．5μg．ml－1的丹参酮作用后，HL－60细胞趋向粒细胞系统分化，有部分细胞发生凋亡（11．8％），丹参酮通过阻止HL－60细胞进入S期而抑制其DNA合成，其作用的分子机制与c－fos基因的表达增高、c－myc基因及bc1－2基因的表达降低有关，诱导分化与细胞凋亡的关系尚有待进一步探讨。     

鸡毛松化学成分的研究(Ⅱ)

从鸡毛松枝叶中分得5个化合物,2″-O-鼠李糖牡荆黄甙(Ⅰ),扁柏双黄酮(Ⅱ),蜕皮甾酮(Ⅲ),β-谷甾醇十七碳酸酯(Ⅳ)和胡萝卜甙(daucosterol,Ⅴ)。其中Ⅰ～Ⅳ为首次从该种植物中得到,Ⅳ为首次分得的β-谷甾醇奇数碳酸酯。     

中药治疗前后单纯疱疹性角膜炎外周血T细胞亚群检测

观察中药治疗前后单纯疱疹性角膜炎外周血Ｔ细胞亚群变化。方法：将１１２例单纯疱疹性角膜炎患者随机分为中药观察组６０例和西药对照组５２例。对其中６８例进行了外周血Ｔ细胞亚群检测。结果：１．观察组治愈５２例；对照组治愈３７例；两组差异有显著性。２．治疗后外周血Ｔ细胞亚群ＯＫＴ４增加，ＯＫＴ８下降，ＯＫＴ４／Ｔ８比值上升。结论；中药可以改变单纯疱疹性角膜炎患者的免疫失调状态，对增强免疫力有积极作用。     

肺泡巨噬细胞对肺气虚证局部神经—内分泌—免疫系统功能影响

检测４０例慢性支气管炎肺气虚证、３９例慢支隐性肺证患者及３６例正常人外周血、支气管肺灌洗液（ＢＡＬＦ）Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群（ＯＫＴ８）、皮质醇及去甲肾上腺素以及肺泡巨噬细胞（ＡＭ）分泌ＴＸＢ２／ＰＧＦ１ａ。结果表明：肺气虚证局部ＮＥＩＳ紊乱较明显，它与ＡＭ分泌的ＴＸＢ２和ＰＧＦ１ａ有关。隐性肺证局部病理生理变化较轻，局部与整体ＮＥＩＳ功能相互作用，尤其是整体对局部的调节稳定作有更加明显，而ＡＭ产生炎症介质对局部ＮＥＩＳ破坏的作用相对减弱     

国产和进口口服钙制剂对体内钙水平影响的比较

 目的：比较国产和进口的3种口服补钙剂对健康志愿者的生物等效性。方法：10名健康志愿者随机4组交叉，不服药或po单剂量1000mg元素钙的补钙剂后，采集测定8h内的血清钙浓度和24h内的尿钙浓度。结果：空白和服用制剂A，B，C后的血清药-时曲线下面积AUC_0h～8h分别为(674.2±49.08)mg·h·L^-1,(728.7±42.47)mg·h·L^-1，(717.5±51.34)mg·h·L^-1，(697.3±52.73)mg·h·L^-1；0h～4h和0h～24h尿钙排泄量分别为(13.06±9.88)mg，(65.20±24.97)mg；(34.07±17.67)mg，(138.25±57.35)mg；(34.11±25.97)mg，(147.41±85.79)mg，(25.77±12.49)mg，(99.37±48.20)mg。结论：经统计学判定，本方法检测可见，服用制剂A，B，C后血钙浓度和尿钙排量与不服药组有明显差异，但3种制剂间无显著性差异。表明国产和进口的钙制剂对体内钙行为的影响是一致的。     

口服补钙剂吸收量的体内评价方法

 目的：介绍钙的代谢与补钙剂的体内评价方法。方法：通过文献回顾，简述钙在体内的摄入与排出情况，体内评价补钙剂生物利用度的方法及优缺点，重点讨论口服钙负荷量法在体内评价钙制剂方面的应用。结果与结论：理想的补钙剂应含钙量高、生物利用度好、口感佳且价格低廉。鉴于市售品牌较多，可用口服钙负荷量法对补钙剂进行简便评价。     

输精管结扎兔睾丸IL-1与血浆睾酮变化的研究

为了探讨输精管结扎术后睾丸IL—1的活性、来源及其与睾酮变化的关系,同步检测了结扎6、25个月家兔辜丸匀浆上清IL—1活性和血浆睾酮含量,并进行了睾丸组织IL—lmRNA的原位杂交.结果表明:(1)睾丸组织匀浆上清IL-1活性以VG6为高,与SOG6比较有显著差异(P<0.01);(2)睾丸组织IL-1mRNA的原位杂交,VG6中IL-lmRNA的杂交信号明显强于其他各组,杂交信号主要分布在曲细精管内的 Sertoli细胞和生殖细胞,也见于间质中的某些细胞中;(3)血浆睾酮含量结扎术后6个月明显降低,与对照组比有显著差异(P<0.05),IL-1活性与血浆睾酮含量呈明显的负相关关系(r=-0.595,P<0.01).故推测,结扎早期睾丸炎症所引起的巨噬细胞活化和Sertoli细胞吞噬变性精子和残余体过程增强,可能是睾丸IL-1的主要来源.输精管结扎术后IL-1活性的一过性升高可能是睾酮含量下降的原因.IL-1可能作为旁分泌调节因子抑制Leydig细胞睾酮合成.