乳腺髓样癌的超声检查与组织病理的相关性分析

目的:探讨超声检查在诊断乳腺典型髓样癌中的临床意义。方法:按严格的病理诊断学标准将病例重新分类为乳腺典型髓样癌和非典型髓样癌,比较两者间声像学特征的异同。结果:32例中有13侧重新诊断为乳腺典型髓样癌;另外19例为非典型髓样癌。13例典型髓样癌患者中的10例边界整齐光滑;全部19例非典型髓样癌病人没有一例边界光滑,或者边界呈锯齿状(16例),或者边界光滑伴局部不规则(3例)。非典型与典型髓样癌间肿瘤边界的规则性有明显的差异。结论:如果超声检查提示肿瘤边界呈锯齿状或肿瘤边界光滑伴局部不规则,应行整个肿瘤的病理评估防止典型髓样癌的过诊断。     

Study of the mechanism of essential garlic oil inhibiting lnterleukin-1 α-induced monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells

Objective  

To observe the effects of essential garlic oil (EGO) on vascular cell adhesive molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expression of endothelial cells and monocyte-endothelial cell adhesion rate induced by interleukin-l_α(IL-l_α).     

Systematic review and network meta-analysis assess the comparative efficacy and safety of transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary tumor

Neurosurgical Review - To quantitatively synthesize the comparative efficacy and safety of the most common surgical approaches including endonasal transsphenoidal endoscopic surgery (ETES),...     

Clinicopathological characteristics,prognosis, and chemosensitivity in patients with metastatic upper tract urothelial carcinoma

PurposeTo investigate the clinical characteristics, chemosensitivity, and outcome of metastatic upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC).Patients and MethodsRecords of patients with metastatic UTUC since January 2005 were retrieved from a database that included clinical and survival data. Statistical analyses including survival and multivariate analyses of factors were respectively performed by the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard model.ResultsA total of 250 consecutive UTUC cases were evaluated. There were 56 patients (22.4%) with initially diagnosed stage IV disease. The most common metastatic sites were lung (39.6%), distant lymph nodes (39.2%), bone (19.6%), liver (18.0%), and adrenal gland (7.2%), respectively, and the local recurrence rate was 10.4%. Two hundred thirteen patients received first-line chemotherapy. The overall response rate was only 28.7% and the median progression-free survival time was only 5.0 months. The overall survival time of the cohort was 18.0 months. Multivariate analyses showed that initially diagnosed stage IV disease, number of metastatic organs ≥3, no response to chemotherapy and cycles of chemotherapy ≤2 were adverse prognosticators for overall survival.ConclusionUTUC presented to be more prone to metastasize than locally recur and thought to have low chemosensitivity. Stage IV disease at initial diagnosis, number of metastatic organs, response and cycles of chemotherapy were independent prognosticators for metastatic UTUC.     

Primary study of iontophoresis of zinc ion in treatment of retinitis pigmentosa

We report here the preliminary effects of zinc iontophoresis in treatment of 26 Rp patients who had decreased zinc serum level or abnormal ratio of serum copper to zinc. Through more than 20 to 30 times of therapy, the vision of 15.38% eyes increased more than "3 lines", 4% eyes increased more than 5 degrees in the visual field, 13.46% eyes improved in dark adaptation threshold (greater than 1.0), the visual functions of the rest eyes were slightly improved or unimproved. The fundus didn't change before & after treatment. There were no changes of ERG in 8 eyes of 4 cases. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages between Zn iontophoresis and Zn compound taken orally, the improvement of vision by direct electric current therapy, the relationship between the metabolism of Zn element and Vit A and influence of Zn over the mechanism of dark adaptation were also briefly discussed.     

P~(53)蛋白在口腔扁平苔藓癌变诊断中的意义

目的 :探索口腔粘膜扁平苔藓 (OLP) P53蛋白的表达及其在癌变诊断中的应用价值。方法 :采用 S- P免疫组化方法 ,观察在 2 5例 OLP、2 0例鳞癌 (OSCC)中 P53蛋白的表达。结果 :1 P53蛋白的阳性表达在 OLP早期已出现 ,各组间 P53阳性表达率间有显著性差异。2在 OSCC中其阳性表达率高达 80 % ,随着细胞异常增生程度的增高而增高。结论 :1在 OSCC的形成过程中 ,抑癌基因 P53的失活可能参与调节作用 ;2 P53蛋白作为判断 OLP癌变的辅助性参考指标 ,具有一定的可行性     

Studies of β-lactamase production in ampicillin resistant Haemophilus influenzae

In 1972, HaelnOPhilus influenzae (HI) was firstlydiscovend being resistant against alnpicillin by producing5-lac~e, since then, studies on the rests~ mechamsms and the moleCular basis of 5-lactalnaSe Pwhctionhave been increasing year by yeax abroadll]. In 1978,Bryan et .l[2] first reported sabins of HI Producing 0-lactamaSe, which was mediated by plaaed, from then on,many stUdies foeused on 3-lactamase encoded by PlaSnddin HI and its relation with ampicillin resisboce. In ourco~, few st…     

4-硒硫酸酯多糖的体内抗瘤作用

目的　观察 4-硒硫酸酯多糖 (Se-carra)的体内抗瘤作用。方法　于小鼠右腋皮下接种瘤细胞 2 4h后开始给药 ,连续 10天 ,观察其抑瘤率 ;小鼠腹腔接种肿瘤细胞前或接种后连续给药 10天 ,观察动物的生存时间。结果　 4-硒硫酸酯多糖能明显抑制肿瘤细胞的生长 ,延长小鼠的生存期。结论　 4-硒硫酸酯多糖体内给药有良好的抗瘤效果 ,值得进一步研究。     

医学大学生对医德认知的调查研究

采用抽样研究方法,对４３８名不同专业、不同层次的大学生进行了医德认知调查,以了解大学生对医德基本知识掌握的情况,结果表明,大学生对开设医学伦理学课必要性认识均率为６２．９％,课外经常阅读医德书籍均率为２２．７５％,对中外基德发展史各朝代典型的人物及代表作了解的均率为３１．１％,文中对调查结果进行了分析。     

Behavioural interaction between the NMDA antagonist MK-801 and the dopaminergic antagonist haloperidol: support for a balance model

One hundred and four male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three experiments. The first two experiments were to assess the effect of different MK-801 doses (0.1-0.3 mg/kg) and combinations of MK-801/ haloperidol (0.3/0.1-0.5 mg/kg) on locomotor behaviour. The animals from the third experiment were administered either saline, MK-801 (0.3 mg/kg), haloperidol (0.5 mg/kg) or MK-801/haloperidol (0.3/0.5 mg/kg). Locomotor activity measurements showed that the NMDA antagonist MK-801 induced a dose-dependent hyperactivity, while haloperidol, the D-2 dopamine receptor antagonist, induced hypoactivity. Significantly the highest doses of combined MK-801/haloperidol treatment (0.3/0.5 mg/kg) showed behavioural equivalence to the saline animals in both total locomotion, locomotion patterns and within-session habituation. Thus, the behavioural effects of each drug given alone were cancelled when the drugs were given together. This cancellation effect could not be ascribed to direct drug interference effects on dopamine metabolism since the ex vivo biochemical data revealed that the combined MK-801/haloperidol (0.3/0.5 mg/kg) treatment increased dopamine metabolism to the same extent as haloperidol given alone. None of the drug treatments, however, had any effect on brain serotonin metabolism. Serum measurement indicated that dopamine, homovanillic acid, 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-acetic acid, 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid, norepinephrine and corticosterone were not differentially affected by the drug treatment. Haloperidol-treated animals, however, had higher serum serotonin concentration than saline-treated animals. Taken together, these results support the hypothesis that the effect of MK-801 on behaviour is independent of biochemical changes in dopaminergic neuro transmission per se. Rather, the present results support the hypothesis of a glutamatergic-dopaminergic balance which when disturbed leads to behavioural changes along an excitatory-inhibitory behavioural gradient.