甲基强的松龙和吲哚美辛对大鼠腹主动脉瘤的防治作用

目的:探讨甲基强的松龙、吲哚美辛对弹性蛋白酶灌注腹主动脉瘤模型的治疗作用。方法:48只雄性Wistar大鼠,随机分成3组。隔离1cm的腹主动脉,向其内灌注2mL(15U)的弹性蛋白酶,恢复腹主动脉血流,关闭手术切口。术后进行如下处理。A组:腹腔内注射生理盐水(1mL/d)。B组:腹腔内注射甲基强的松龙(1mg·kg-1·d-1,溶于1mL生理盐水中)。C组:腹部皮下注射吲哚美辛(1.6mg·kg-1·d-1,溶于1mL生理盐水中)。于手术6,10d后分别处死动物,留取腹主动脉标本进行病理学检测。结果:A组均形成了典型的腹主动脉瘤,B组和C组腹主动脉瘤的形成均受到不同程度的抑制。结论::吲哚美辛和甲基强的松龙对弹性蛋白酶灌注腹主动脉瘤具有治疗作用。     

Vitapex糊剂在盖髓术中的应用观察

目的:观察V itapex糊剂用于盖髓治疗的效果。方法:选择2002年2月~2003年2月来我科治疗的深龋及意外穿髓的患者,分成两组进行盖髓治疗,实验组用V itapex糊剂治疗,对照组用传统方法(氧化锌糊剂)治疗,统计240颗患牙的疗效。结果:实验组深龋共80例,75例成功(93.8%);意外穿髓者40例,34例成功(85.0%)。对照组深龋80例,67例成功(83.8%);意外穿髓40例,16例成功(40.0%)。两组同类相比,深龋χ2=4.006,P=0.045,意外穿髓χ2=17.280,P=0.000,差别有统计学意义。结论:V itapex糊剂作为盖髓剂较传统方法疗效好,而且操作简便。     

从我院药品盘点工作的改进浅析医院药品的管理

运用医院电脑信息系统的盘点程序来进行药品盘点工作,使盘点准确率大大提高,为药剂科完成实时库存的管理打下了扎实的基础     

大蒜素对大鼠心室肌细胞L-型钙通道的影响

目的:探讨大蒜素对大鼠心室肌细胞L-型钙通道的作用.方法:用急性酶解法获得大鼠的单个心肌细胞,用标准的全细胞膜片钳技术记录钙通道电流.结果:5、50、250和500μmol/L大蒜素分别抑制钙电流4.4%、26.91%、38.06%、72.90%.250μmol/L大蒜素能使心肌细胞钙电流-电压曲线明显上移,峰电流密度从(7.17±0.65)pA/pF减少至(4.44±0.52)pA/pF(n=15,P<0.05),但激活电位、峰电位和翻转电位无明显改变(P>0.05).大蒜素能使钙电流失活曲线明显左移(P<0.05).大蒜素对钙电流激活曲线、失活再复活曲线和频率依赖性无明显影响(P>0.05).结论:大蒜素呈浓度依赖性地抑制心肌细胞L-型钙通道.     

PSTPIP1‐associated myeloid‐related proteinemia inflammatory syndrome: A rare cause of childhood neutropenia associated with systemic inflammation and hyperzincemia

Neutropenia in pediatric patients can be due to a variety of disorders. We describe two patients who underwent extensive evaluation over many years for arthralgias and moderate neutropenia of unclear etiology. Genetic testing identified a pathogenic variant in PSTPIP1 (proline‐serine‐threonine phosphatase‐interacting protein 1) in both patients. Markedly elevated inflammatory markers and zinc levels confirmed the rare diagnosis of PSTPIP1‐associated myeloid‐related proteinemia inflammatory (PAMI) syndrome, tailoring treatment. Neutropenia is common in patients with PAMI syndrome. Unique mutations seen in PAMI syndrome may account for the specific phenotypic features of this disorder.     

PAX2在肾小管上皮细胞转分化中的作用

目的 揭示核转录因子（PAX2）在肾小管上皮细胞转分化过程中的可能作用。方法 38例病例组肾组织按间质病变程度分为轻、中、重3组,其中轻度病变15例,中度病变11例,重度病变12例;对照组为5例外伤后肾切除组织。采用免疫组化法评定肾组织PAX2的表达率和肾小管上皮细胞转分化率。对肾间质病变轻、中、重3组组内肾小管上皮细胞转分化率、PAX2表达率作方差分析,对PAX2表达量与肾小管上皮细胞转分化率作相关分析。结果 正常对照组肾小管上皮细胞只表达角蛋白（CK）,不表达平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-SMA）及PAX2。病例组肾间质病变轻、中、重3组肾小管上皮细胞均不同程度表达α-SMA及PAX2;不同肾间质病变组,肾小管上皮细胞转分化率及PAX2表达量差异均有统计学意义。相关分析表明,PAX2表达量和肾小管上皮细胞转分化率呈正相关（r=0．886,P〈0．05）。结论 PAX2回归表达可能导致肾小管上皮细胞转分化。     

MMP-2和MMP-9在膀胱移行细胞癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的：探讨膀胱肿瘤组织巾MMP-2及MMP-9表达与膀胱移行细胞癌（TCCB）临床病理分期分级的关系。方法：选择同济医院2004年1～12月间手术治疗的TCCB患者38例作为实验组,以16例附带癌旁正常黏膜或膀胱镜下活检正常膀胱黏膜作为对照组。运用免疫组织化学SP法检测MMP-2及MMP-9在膀胱组织中的表达。结果：MMP-2和MMP-9在实验组的表达显著高于对照组（P〈0．01）,且与肿瘤临床分期呈显著正相关（r=0．51361,P〈0．01）,与肿瘤病理分级也呈正相关（r=0．59818,P〈0.05）。结论：TCCB患者膀胱组织中高表达的MMP-2及MMP-9与肿瘤细胞侵袭和转移密切相关,联合检测MMP-2及MMP-9,对TCCB的早期诊断及判断预后有参考价值。     

心肌样细胞和内皮祖细胞联合移植对兔心肌梗死面积的影响

目的:评价心肌样细胞和内皮祖细胞联合移植对心肌梗死面积影响是否优于单项细胞移植。方法:骨髓穿刺提取、分离、培养骨髓间充质干细胞(mensenchymal stemcell,MSC),向心肌样细胞和内皮祖细胞定向诱导分化。心肌梗死模型制作成功2周后沿梗死周边区域注射100μl培养基或心肌样细胞、内皮祖细胞及二者混合悬液各3×108/100μl。实验前、后4周行心脏超声检查心功能,TTC染色评价梗死面积。结果:①诱导后MSC呈现心肌样细胞超微结构特征,PCR检查表达心肌收缩、舒张特异性蛋白肌球蛋白重链、受磷蛋白以及心房颗粒;内皮祖细胞呈"铺路石"外观,高表达CD133并随时间推移表达逐步下降。②与对照组[(35.17±1.76)%]相比,细胞移植能降低梗死面积(均P<0.05);心肌样细胞组[(28.61±1.24)%]、内皮祖细胞组[(29.73±2.11)%]与联合细胞移植组[(22.82±3.12)%]比较,均P<0.05。结论:MSC可定向分化心肌样细胞和内皮祖细胞,两者联合细胞移植在改善心肌缺血及心肌细胞坏死,降低梗死面积方面效果优于单项细胞移植。     

PXR activation impairs hepatic glucose metabolism partly via inhibiting the HNF4α–GLUT2 pathway

Drug-induced hyperglycemia/diabetes is a global issue. Some drugs induce hyperglycemia by activating the pregnane X receptor (PXR), but the mechanism is unclear. Here, we report that PXR activation induces hyperglycemia by impairing hepatic glucose metabolism due to inhibition of the hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-alpha (HNF4α)‒glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) pathway. The PXR agonists atorvastatin and rifampicin significantly downregulated GLUT2 and HNF4α expression, and impaired glucose uptake and utilization in HepG2 cells. Overexpression of PXR downregulated GLUT2 and HNF4α expression, while silencing PXR upregulated HNF4α and GLUT2 expression. Silencing HNF4α decreased GLUT2 expression, while overexpressing HNF4α increased GLUT2 expression and glucose uptake. Silencing PXR or overexpressing HNF4α reversed the atorvastatin-induced decrease in GLUT2 expression and glucose uptake. In human primary hepatocytes, atorvastatin downregulated GLUT2 and HNF4α mRNA expression, which could be attenuated by silencing PXR. Silencing HNF4α downregulated GLUT2 mRNA expression. These findings were reproduced with mouse primary hepatocytes. Hnf4α plasmid increased Slc2a2 promoter activity. Hnf4α silencing or pregnenolone-16α-carbonitrile (PCN) suppressed the Slc2a2 promoter activity by decreasing HNF4α recruitment to the Slc2a2 promoter. Liver-specific Hnf4α deletion and PCN impaired glucose tolerance and hepatic glucose uptake, and decreased the expression of hepatic HNF4α and GLUT2. In conclusion, PXR activation impaired hepatic glucose metabolism partly by inhibiting the HNF4α‒GLUT2 pathway. These results highlight the molecular mechanisms by which PXR activators induce hyperglycemia/diabetes.Key words: Pregnane X receptor, Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-alpha, Glucose transporter 2, Hepatic glucose uptake, Diabetes, Drug-induced hyperglycemia     

多指标综合评分法优化参橘止咳滴丸提取工艺

目的:优选参橘止咳滴丸的最佳提取工艺。方法:以提取物得率、肉桂酸和橙皮苷的含量为指标,RP-HPLC测定2种指标成分的含量,用L9(34)正交法优化提取工艺。结果:筛选出的最佳提取工艺为8倍量水煎煮3次,每次2 h,滤液浓缩至浸膏相对密度1.3(30℃),70%乙醇沉淀。结论:该提取工艺合理、科学。