广西基层医疗机构的医疗器械使用及管理现状

目的了解基层医疗机构的医疗器械使用及管理现状,为加强基层医疗机构中医疗器械的管理提供参考。方法采用问卷调查的方法,对广西壮族自治区的65个基层医疗机构的医疗器械使用及管理状况进行调查。结果65个基层医疗机构中,仅有26个(40.00%)医疗机构对医疗器械法律法规实施过学习培训;62个(95.38%)医疗机构的医疗器械进货查验记录真实、完整、准确;仅有11个(16.92%)医疗机构植入和介入类医疗器械具备使用记录且记录完整,满足追溯要求。结论广西基层医疗机构对医疗器械使用及质量管理方面尚存在不同程度的问题,需进一步建立、健全管理制度,监管部门亦应加强监督管理。     

Correlative Expression of Glutathion S-Transferase-π and Multidrug Resistance Associated Protein in Bladder Transitional Cell Carcinoma

Chemotherapylswidelyappliedlnthetreatmentofsuperficial(instravesicaIinstiIlation)andinvasive(systemicadministration)bladdercancer.However,resistancetochemotherapenticagentsstillremainsacriticalprobIemintherapy,whichkeepsamuchhigherrecurrentrateofbIaddercancerandpreventsthecureofpat1ents.Previous1y,theresearchesonthemechanismsofdrugsres1stanceusuallyconcen-trateonthemembersoftheATP--bindingcassette(ABC)transportersuperfamlly(forinstance,P--gp,MRP,LRP,etc.)['2],butatpresentincreasingevi-d…     

ClinicalStudy on Zhenjian Granule (针箭颗粒) in Improving Essential Hypertension and InsulinResistance

Objective: To observe the effect of Zhenjian Granule (ZJG) in improving essential hypertension and insulin resistance (IR).Methods: The 52 patients of hypertension were randomly divided into the ZJG group (n=32) and the control group (n=20), treated with ZJG and captopril respectively for 4 weeks. The changes of blood pressure, glucose, insulin, insulin sensitivity index (ISI) and blood lipid in them before and after treatment were determined and compared with those in normal group (17 healthy subjects).Results: Fasting insulin, blood glucose, and insulin 2 hrs after meal in hypertension patients before treatment were significantly higher but ISI was significantly lower than those in the normal control, indicating the existence of insulin resistance. After treatment, not only blood pressure in patients obviously lowered, but also levels of fasting insulin, blood glucose, and insulin 2 hrs after meal obviously lowered, while ISI markedly raised. IR was improved in both groups, and blood lipid were also improved in the ZJG group.Conclusion: ZJG was effective in reducing blood pressure, also it had significant effect in improving metabolic disorder, particularly on IR in patients of essential hypertension.     

Effect of xiongshao capsule on vascular remodeling in porcine coronary balloon injury model

Objective: To study the effect of Xiongshao capsule (XSC) on vascular remodeling in porcine coronary balloon injury model.Methods: Coronary artery restenosis model was established by oversized balloon injury at mid-region of the left anterior descending coronary artery. They were divided into 5 groups, untreated or treated with probucol, Xueguantong, low and high dose of XSC respectively, and compared. The effect of XSC on late lumen loss resulted from vascular remodeling was evaluated by quantitative histological method with combining histopathological analysis and coronary angiographie examination.Results: The (59 ± 20)% of late lumen loss was caused by vascular remodeling and (41 ± 20)% caused by intimai hyperplasia. Compared with the control group, all the treatment could significantly reduce the late lumen loss after balloon injury (P<0.05 orP < 0.01 ), both low and high dose of XSC could significantly reduce the late lumen loss caused by remodeling (P<0.05 and P<0.01 respectively).Conclusion: Vascular remodeling plays an important role in late lumen stenosis formation in coronary artery after balloon injury. XSC could significantly inhibit the pathological vascular remodeling, and thus reduce the late lumen loss and prevent the restenosis of the injured coronary artery. Part of a National Ninth-Five Planning Project (No. 96-9060601)     

The mutation of insulin receptor substrate-1 gene in Chines e patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

Objective To identify the relationship between mutation in the insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) gene and the incidence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in the Chinese population. Methods Samples were obtained from 68 Chinese patients with NIDDM and 68 control subjects. The +1700～+4437 bp fragment of the IRS-1 gene was screened by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis. All SSCP variations were submitted to DNA sequence analysis. Results Two amino acid variations ［GGG →AGG(G(971) R) and CCT→TCT(P(1079) S)］ and 3 silent mutations ［GAT→GAC(D(422) D), CCA→CCC(P(737) P) and GCA→GCG(A(804) A)］ were identified, among which the CCA→CCC(P(737) P) and CCT→TCT(P(1079) S) have not been previously reported. All five variations were found in Chinese patients with NIDDM, while GCA→GCG(A(804) A) was the only one found in control subjects. The overall incidence of the five variations in Chinese patients with NIDDM were much higher than that in control subjects (38.2% vs 7.4%, χ(2)=18.42,P&lt;0.01). The most common polymorphism in the Chinese population was GCA→GCG(A(804) A), and its frequency was significantly higher in Chinese patients with NIDDM than in controls (26.5% vs 7.4%, χ(2)=8.84,P&lt;0.01). The homozygotes of the variation in patients with NIDDM and control subjects were 8.8% and 1.5%, respectively (χ(2)=2.41,P&gt;0.05). Conclusion These results indicate that there may be a relation between these nucleotide variations of IRS-1 gene and Chinese patients with NIDDM     

125I-白蛋白-黄芪多糖毫微粒在小鼠体内分布的研究

用乳液固化方法制备了１２５Ｉ－牛血清白蛋白－黄芪多糖毫微粒,透射电子显微镜测得粒径为（１６８±６２）ｎｍ,小鼠口服毫微粒（１４８×１０８Ｂｑ／只）后,主要分布在肝、脾、肺中,而心、脑组织中有少量分布。微观放射自显影实验结果表明,毫微粒分布在肝脏的Ｋｕｆｅｒｓ细胞和肝实质细胞中,以及在肺和脾脏的吞噬细胞中。实验数据用３Ｐ８７程序处理,按血管外给药开放二室模型计算得代谢动力参数,Ｔｍａｘ为２．１１ｈ,Ｃｍａｘ为２．４３×１０７Ｂｑ,ｔ１／２为９．３３ｈ,曲线下面积为３．７×１０９Ｂｑ。     

去势大鼠血和骨TNFα、E_2含量及骨形态计量

目的：探讨肿瘤坏死因子α（ＴＮＦα）雌二醇（Ｅ２）的动态变化对绝经后骨质疏松症骨形态计量学的影响。方法：４０只ＳＤ大鼠随机分去势和假去势２组,术后第４,１０,１６,２２周分别检测血清和骨组织中ＴＮＦα,血清Ｅ２含量,同步用ＩＢＡＳ计算机全自动图象分析系统对不脱钙骨组织作形态计量学测量。结果：去势后早期（＜４周）血及骨组织中即有ＴＮＦα升高和Ｅ２下降（Ｐ＜０．０５）。随着去势时间的延长（４～２２周）,血中ＴＮＦα与Ｅ２呈高度负相关（γ＝－０６３,Ｐ＜００１）,骨组织中ＴＮＦα浓度高于血中浓度（Ｐ＜００５）。骨小梁体积（ＴＢＶ）和平均厚度（ＭＴＴ）减小,骨吸收表面（ＲＳ）增大（Ｐ＜０００２）,骨吸收指标和骨组织ＴＮＦα含量在去势后第４～２２周升高的程度无显著性。结论：血和骨组织中ＴＮＦα可能参与绝经后骨质疏松症的发生和发展,并造成骨组织形态的改变     

同时检测两种运动神经元存活基因第7外显子缺失的简便方法及其临床应用

目的：建立同时检测运动神经元存活基因SMNT和SMNC第7外显子缺失的简便方法，用于儿童期起病的脊髓性肌萎缩症（SMA）的临床诊断。方法：应用聚合酶链反应（PCR）－限制性酶切技术，用一对引物同时扩增55例正常成年人和5例SMA患儿及其父母的SMN基因2个成员的第7外显子中的高度保守区，扩增产物经限制性内切酶酶切及非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳。结果：此法可检测2个SMN基因第7外显子的缺失情况，经检测，55例正常成人均无SMNT基因第7外显子缺失，SMNC基因第7外显子缺失仅3例，5例SMA患儿的SMNT基因第7外显子均有缺失，患儿父母无SMNT基因和SMNC基因第7外显子缺失，结论：此法对检测2个SMN基因第7外显子的缺失提供了简便，特异，且适合临床特别是基层医院应用，优于PCRSSCP分析的方法。     

中枢神经系统感染患儿脑脊液和血清胰岛素样生长因子Ⅱ水平的变化及意义

目的　探讨中枢神经系统 (CNS)感染患儿脑脊液 (CSF)中胰岛素样生长因子 Ⅱ (IGF Ⅱ )水平的变化及其与CSF中葡萄糖浓度、蛋白质浓度和白细胞计数的关系。方法　 45例CNS感染患儿分为 2组 ,其中细菌性脑膜炎 (BM) 2 4例、病毒性脑炎 (VE) 2 1例 ,取 15例无神经系统疾病患儿的CSF作为对照组。用免疫放射分析法 (IRMA)测定CSF中IGF Ⅱ的浓度。结果　 1.BM组CSF中IGF Ⅱ浓度 64 .5 6± 49.61ng/ml显著高于VE组 3 1.41± 7.16ng/ml(P <0 .0 1)和对照组 2 7.19± 6.85ng/ml(P <0 .0 1) ;2 .CSF中IGF Ⅱ浓度与CSF中葡萄糖浓度呈负相关 (r =- 0 .5 61　P <0 .0 1) ,与CSF中蛋白浓度呈正相关 (r =0 .83 9　P <0 .0 0 1)。结论　1.IGF Ⅱ参与CNS感染的病理生理过程 ;2 .IGF Ⅱ可能参与CNS感染时CSF中葡萄糖和蛋白浓度变化的调节 ;3 .测定CSF中IGF Ⅱ浓度可对BM和VE的鉴别诊断提供帮助。