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991.
Mice simultaneously expressing the mutations nude and X-linked immune deficiency (xid) were previously shown to have pro-B cells and/or early pre-B cells while lacking C mu+ and surface Ig+ cells. We now report that thymus grafts restore both T cells and B cells in nude-xid mice. By the use of Thy-1 and Igh allogeneic donors it was shown that both the T and B cells were host derived. The B cells had a functional phenotype typical of xid mice. It is concluded that the maturation of xid B cells past the pro-B or early pre-B stage is T cell dependent. 相似文献
992.
Alexis A Gintowt Jeffrey J Germer P Shawn Mitchell Joseph D C Yao 《Journal of clinical virology》2005,34(2):155-157
BACKGROUND: The current manual sample processing method recommended for use with the TRUGENE HBV Genotyping Kit (TRUGENE HBV; Bayer HealthCare LLC, Tarrytown, NY) is labor-intensive and may be prone to specimen cross-contamination. Recent evaluations of the MagNA Pure LC (MP; Roche Applied Science, Indianapolis, IN) suggest that it is suitable for automated, contamination-free extraction and purification of viral nucleic acids from large-volume (1.0 mL) serum or plasma specimens. OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the MP Total Nucleic Acid Isolation Kit--Large Volume (Roche Applied Science) in conjunction with TRUGENE HBV to establish the analytical sensitivity (threshold titer) of the assay, in HBV DNA International Units (IU)/mL, for obtaining consistent, interpretable sequence data from TRUGENE HBV. STUDY DESIGN: HBV analytical standards, prepared as 10 replicates (1.0 mL each) at each of the following concentrations: 200, 1000, 5000, and 10,000 IU/mL, were processed by MP and analyzed by TRUGENE HBV according to manufacturer's instructions. Performance of TRUGENE HBV used in conjunction with MP sample processing was evaluated further using 22 clinical serum specimens containing low titers of HBV DNA. RESULTS: All replicates of HBV analytical standards at 1000, 5000, and 10,000 IU/mL yielded interpretable TRUGENE HBV sequences, whereas interpretable sequences were obtained in 90% (9 of 10) of the replicates at 200 IU/mL. TRUGENE HBV sequences were interpretable in 86% (19 of 22) of the clinical specimens studied. CONCLUSIONS: MP sample processing is efficient and suitable for use with TRUGENE HBV. When combined with MP sample processing, TRUGENE HBV yielded interpretable sequences from HBV analytical standards and clinical serum specimens with HBV DNA titers of > or =200 IU/mL. 相似文献
993.
A quantitative spectrophotometric method has been developed for determining the impurity of isonaphthazarin in samples of
tetraxolin. The relative error of determination is about 1.0% at a confidence probability of P = 0.95%. The procedure is recommended for the quantitative control of the possible impurity of isonaphthazarin in the parent
substance of tetraxolin.
__________
Translated from Khimiko-Farmatsevticheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 41, No. 1, pp. 38–40, January, 2007. 相似文献
994.
D. V. Moiseev S. I. Marchenko A. M. Moiseeva T. V. Trukhacheva P. T. Petrov A. I. Zhebentyaev 《Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal》2007,41(1):25-33
Pyrimidine derivatives are widely used for the treatment of viral diseases and cancer. The analysis of pyrimidine derivatives
is typically performed using various chromatographic techniques, in particular, reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography
(HPLC). The separation is typically carried out with (7–30)-cm-long C8 and C18 silica gel columns, mainly at room temperature, and a 1–1.5 ml-min eluent flow rate. The column is eluted in an isocratic
or gradient system, and a variety of mobile phases have been proposed. The detection is based on optical absorption or fluorescence
measurements, or makes use of mass spectrometry. Various methods of extraction of pyrimidine derivatives from biological samples
are discussed, and the corresponding detection limits are presented.
__________
Translated from Khimiko-Farmatsevticheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 41, No. 5, pp. 26–34, May, 2007. 相似文献
995.
M. G. Ismailova 《Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal》2007,41(5):281-284
A new technology is developed for the production of activated charcoal (AU-L) tablets from cotton lignin, a readily available
local raw plant material. The physicochemical and technological properties of the parent substance (powder) have been studied
and the optimum composition of tablets has been determined. The best technological characteristics of both the initial mass
and the ready-to-use tablets are achieved for the composition involving a 3% methyl cellulose gel as a binding component and
microcrystalline cellulose as a filler. The qualitative characteristics of AU-L tablets have been studied and their sorption
capacity has been determined. The new technology will be implemented at the Tashkent Pharmaceutical Plant (Uzfarmprom Company).
__________
Translated from Khimiko-Farmatsevticheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 41, No. 5, pp. 49–52, May, 2007. 相似文献
996.
Y. O. Karatasso I. V. Logunova M. G. Sergeeva E. N. Nikolaev S. D. Varfolomeev V. V. Chistyakov 《Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal》2007,41(3):166-169
A highly sensitive method for the quantitative determination of a potential antiarrhythmic drug (OF-7976) in the blood plasma
has been developed. The method is based on the electron spray ionization/mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) technique without preliminary
chromatographic separation and makes use of nibentan as the internal standard. A linear relationship between drug concentration
and the peak intensity of ions of the analyzed substance (m/z = 398) and the internal standard (m/z = 382) is established. The detection limit is 3 ng/(0.5 ml plasma). The method is linear from 3 to 25 ng/(0.5 ml plasma)
with a correlation coefficient of 0.98. The coefficient of variation was less than 7 %.
__________
Translated from Khimiko-Farmatsevticheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 41, No. 3, pp. 45–48, March, 2007. 相似文献
997.
The amount of protein bound per 1 mL of the perfluorocarbon (PFC) emulsion depends on the emulsifier composition and the particle
size. A relationship between the amount of bound protein on the particle surface and the physicochemical parameters of the
PFC emulsion interaction with the blood serum, which indirectly characterize the surface properties of the PFC particles,
is established.
__________
Translated from Khimiko-Farmatsevticheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 41, No. 12, pp. 40–43, December, 2007. 相似文献
998.
999.
D. M. Reid I. Mackay S. Wilkinson C. Miller D. G. Schuette J. Compston C. Cooper E. Duncan N. Galwey R. Keen B. Langdahl A. McLellan H. Pols A. Uitterlinden J. O’Riordan J. A. H. Wass S. H. Ralston S. T. Bennett 《Osteoporosis international》2006,17(1):125-132
Osteoporosis is a common disease with a strong genetic component characterized by reduced bone mass and an increased risk of fragility fractures. Bone mineral density (BMD) is the most important determinant of osteoporotic fracture risk, but the genes responsible for BMD regulation and fracture are incompletely defined. To enable multi-center studies to examine the genetic influences on BMD there is a requirement to standardize measurements across different manufacturers of bone densitometers, different versions of machines and different normative ranges. This paper describes a method developed to allow near-identical subjects with low age-adjusted BMD (based on Z-scores) to be recruited in 17 centers using 27 different densitometers. Cross-calibration was based on measurements using a European spine phantom circulated to all centers and measured ten times on each individual machine. From theses values an individual exponential curve, based on nominal versus observed BMD, was derived for each machine. As expected, there were large and significant variations in nominal BMD values, not only between scanners from different manufacturers but also between different versions of scanners from the same manufacturer. Hologic scanners tended to underestimate the nominal BMD, while Lunar scanners overestimated the value. Norland scanners gave mixed values over estimating BMD at the lower nominal value (0.5 g/cm2) while underestimating the value at the higher value (1.5 g/cm2). The validity of the exponential equations was tested using hip and spine measurements on 991 non-proband women from a familial osteoporosis study (FAMOS). After cross-calibration there was a considerable reduction in variation between machines. This observation, coupled with the absence of a similar reduction in variation attributable to a linear regression on age, demonstrated the validity of the cross-calibration approach. Use of the cross-calibration curves along with a standard normative range (in the case of this study, the Hologic normative range) allowed age-specific Z-scores to be used as an inclusion criterion in this genetic study, a method that will be useful for other trials where age-specific BMD inclusion criteria are required. 相似文献
1000.
Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Dörr Sabine Köst Klaus Keinert Felix-Herbert Glaser Gerd Endert Thomas Herrmann 《Strahlentherapie und Onkologie》2006,182(1):1-8
PURPOSE: To compare tests for intestinal function with clinical scores after abdominal irradiation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: At the Department of Radiotherapy, Erfurt, Germany, intestinal changes were studied in 91 patients receiving abdominal radiotherapy between 1992 and 1996. Conventional fractionation (1.8-2 Gy per fraction, total doses 30.6-62.5 Gy) was applied. Before and at weekly intervals during radiotherapy, the clinical response was scored according to RTOG/EORTC for the upper and lower gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Resorption tests for vitamin B(12) and D-xylose were performed before the onset and immediately after treatment. RESULTS: The clinical response displayed a well-defined dose-effect relationship with grade 1 effects in 5% and 50% of the patients at about 10 Gy and 50 Gy, respectively. For grade 2 reactions, 5%- and 50%-effective doses were 20-30 Gy and 60-80 Gy. Effects in the upper and lower GI tract were highly correlated. Changes in body weight did not show a correlation with other clinical symptoms. Changes in resorption also displayed a significant dose effect. However, no correlation was found with the clinical symptoms in the individual patient. CONCLUSION: In the present study, the clinical manifestation of intestinal side effects according to RTOG/EORTC criteria was reflected by neither the vitamin B(12) nor by the D-xylose resorption test. Hence, these tests cannot be regarded as useful for objective quantitation of intestinal radiation injury. 相似文献