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排序方式: 共有568条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
Association between antenatal depression and low birthweight in a developing country 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
OBJECTIVE: There is a high prevalence of depression in south Asian women. We aimed to examine the association between antenatal depression and low birthweight (LBW) in infants in a rural community in Rawalpindi, Pakistan. METHOD: A total of 143 physically healthy mothers with ICD-10 depression in the third trimester of pregnancy and 147 non-depressed mothers of similar gestation were followed from birth. Infant weight was measured and information collected on socioeconomic status, maternal body-mass index and sociodemographic factors. RESULTS: Infants of depressed mothers had lower birthweight (mean 2910 g) than infants of non-depressed mothers (mean 3022 g). The relative risk for LBW (< or =2500 g) in infants of depressed mothers was 1.9 (95% CI 1.3-2.9). The association remained significant after adjustment for confounders by multivariate analyses. CONCLUSION: Low birthweight is a major public health problem in developing countries. Maternal depression during pregnancy predicts LBW. Interventions aimed at maternal depression may help improve infant outcomes. 相似文献
52.
BACKGROUND: This paper reviews current knowledge regarding the prevalence and associated features of somatisation disorder and hypochondriasis in population-based and primary care samples. METHOD: A systematic review of the literature, which used a standardised definition of somatisation disorder or hypochondriasis and which examined the characteristics and associated features of these disorders in population-based samples or primary care settings. RESULTS: In population-based studies the prevalence of somatisation disorder and hypochondriasis was too low to examine associated features reliably. In studies using abridged criteria, a clear female predominance was not found in either disorder; there was a consistent relationship with few years of education. There was a close relationship with anxiety and depressive disorders, with a linear relationship between numbers of somatic and other symptoms of distress in several studies, including longitudinal studies. No studies showed that these symptom clusters fulfil the criteria of characteristic onset, course and prognosis required to merit the status of discrete psychiatric disorders. CONCLUSIONS: On existing evidence, somatisation disorder and hypochondriasis cannot be regarded as definite psychiatric disorders. There is some evidence that numerous somatic symptoms or illness worry may be associated with impairment and high health care utilisation in a way that cannot be solely explained by concurrent anxiety and depression, but further research using population-based samples is required. 相似文献
53.
Psychological and social factors have been shown, separately, to predict outcome in individuals with chronic low back pain. Few previous studies, however, have integrated both psychological and social factors, using prospective study of clinic populations of low back pain patients, to identify which are the most important targets for treatment. One hundred and eight patients with chronic low back pain, newly referred to an orthopaedic outpatient clinic, completed assessments of demographic characteristics, details of back pain, measures of anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, HADS), fearful beliefs about pain (Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire), social stresses (Life Events and Difficulties Schedule) and physical aspects of health-related quality of life [SF-36 Physical Component summary Score scale (PCS)]. Six months later subjects completed the SF-36 PCS and the number of healthcare contacts during follow-up was recorded. Independent predictors of SF-36 PCS at 6-month follow-up were duration of pain [(standardised regression coefficient (beta)=-0.18, p=0.04), HADS score (beta)=-0.27, p=0.003] and back pain related social difficulties (beta=-0.42, p<0.0005). Number of healthcare contacts over the 6 months ranged from 1 to 29, and was independently predicted by perceived cause of pain [Incident Rate Ratio (IRR)=1.46, p=0.03], Fear Avoidance Beliefs about work (IRR=1.02, p=0.009) and back pain related social difficulties (IRR=1.16, p=0.03). To conclude, anxiety, depression, fear avoidance beliefs relating to work and back pain related stresses predict impairment in subsequent physical health-related quality of life and number of healthcare contacts. Interventions targeting these psychosocial variables in clinic patients may lead to improved quality of life and healthcare costs. 相似文献
54.
William E. Heydorn Khanh Q. Nguyen G. Joseph Creed Richard M. Kostrzewa David M. Jacobowitz 《Brain research》1986,367(1-2):31-38
The role that norepinephrine plays in regulating the concentration of different proteins in the parietal cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum was assessed by investigating the effects of either a bilateral lesion of the locus coeruleus or neonatal administration of 6-hydroxydopamine. Two weeks after lesioning the locus coeruleus, the concentration of two different proteins was elevated in the hippocampus; a third protein was reduced in concentration in this brain area as a result of the lesion. Three proteins were affected in concentration in the cerebellum after the locus coeruleus lesion--two were elevated in concentration and one was reduced in concentration. No proteins were altered in concentration in the parietal cortex as a result of the lesion. Seventy days after neonatal treatment with 6-hydroxydopamine, a total of 6 proteins were found to be changed. Four of these (one in the hippocampus and 3 in the parietal cortex) were reduced in concentration while two proteins (both in the cerebellum) were elevated in concentration after neonatal treatment with the catecholamine neurotoxin. There was little overlap between those proteins affected in concentration by the bilateral lesion of the locus coeruleus and those changed by neonatal treatment with 6-hydroxydopamine. These results suggest that the concentration of a number of different proteins may, under normal physiological conditions, be regulated in vivo by norepinephrine in the brain. 相似文献
55.
Stewart C. Conway Francis H. Creed Deborah P. M. Symmons 《Journal of psychosomatic research》1994,38(8):837-847
This study used the Life Events and Difficulties Schedule to assess whether an excess of life events occured prior to onset of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in 60 consecutive out-patients. There was no evidence of an excess of events of any kind during the 12 months before onset of RA. There was no difference between seropositive and seronegative RA or between those with and without a family history. There was a non-significant trend for an excess of events before onset compared with after; this may be explained by the reduction of events after onset as a consequence of disabling disease. The prevalence of psychiatric disorder measured using the Psychiatric Assessment Schedule was 13.3% at the time of interview. 相似文献
56.
57.
Role of Resveratrol as Radiosensitizer by Targeting Cancer Stem Cells in Radioresistant Prostate Cancer Cells (PC-3) 下载免费PDF全文
Sanaa A El-BenhawyMohmed I MorsiEnayat I FahmyMoustafa A SoulaFatma Al Zahraa FH KhalilAmal Refaat Arab 《Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention》2021,22(12):3823-3837
Aim of Work: Here, we examined the role of resveratrol as a radiosensitizer by targeting cancer stem cells in radioresistant prostate cancer cells (PC-3) using stem cell markers CD44, CD49b and CD29, SOX2, OCT4, CXCR4, DCLK1 and EMT markers such as VIM and E-cadherin. Material and Methods: This study was an in vitro study involving PC-3 cell line which was dividing into four groups. Group I (CO): Control group composed of cells grown in the same medium without treatment with ionizing radiation or resveratrol. Group II (IR): Cells were treated with ionizing radiation alone. Group III (RV): Cells were treated with resveratrol alone. Group VI (IR&RV): The cells were treated with ionizing radiation and resveratrol in combination. The viability of cells was assessed by MTT assay. Genes of interest were measured by RT-PCR and the radiosensitizing efficacy of RV on proliferating cancer cells was determined by clonogenic assay. Results: Ionizing radiation significantly reduced PC-3 viability, lowered stem cell markers and affected epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) genes expression at all doses (2, 4, 6 and 8 Gray). Resveratrol significantly decreased PC-3 viability and lowered stem cell markers and EMT genes expression at concentrations 35, 70 and 140 µM. Combining resveratrol treatment with ionizing radiation leads to significant reduction in cell viability and stem cell markers genes which was noticed with increasing the radiation dose when compared to ionizing radiation alone treated group. Conclusion: Resveratrol has a radiosensitizing effect, that ability is triggered by reducing the expression of cancer stem cell markers and affecting EMT markers. Resveratrol showed to be a good candidate for further studies as anticancer drug in the treatment of human prostate cancer. 相似文献
58.
The cost-effectiveness of psychotherapy and paroxetine for severe irritable bowel syndrome 总被引:33,自引:0,他引:33
Creed F Fernandes L Guthrie E Palmer S Ratcliffe J Read N Rigby C Thompson D Tomenson B;North of England IBS Research Group 《Gastroenterology》2003,124(2):303-317
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Psychotherapy and antidepressants are effective in patients with severe irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), but the cost-effectiveness of either treatment in routine practice has not been established. METHODS: Patients with severe IBS were randomly allocated to receive 8 sessions of individual psychotherapy, 20 mg daily of the specific serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressant, paroxetine, or routine care by a gastroenterologist and general practitioner. Primary outcome measures of abdominal pain, health-related quality of life, and health care costs were determined after 3 months of treatment and 1 year later. RESULTS: A total of 257 subjects (81% response rate) from 7 hospitals were recruited; 59 of 85 patients (69%) randomized to psychotherapy and 43 of 86 (50%) of the paroxetine group completed the full course of treatment. Both psychotherapy and paroxetine were superior to treatment as usual in improving the physical aspects of health-related quality of life (SF-36 physical component score improvement, 5.2 [SEM, 1.26], 5.8 [SEM, 1.0], and -0.3 [SEM, 1.17]; P < 0.001), but there was no difference in the psychological component. During the follow-up year, psychotherapy but not paroxetine was associated with a significant reduction in health care costs compared with treatment as usual (psychotherapy, $976 [SD, $984]; paroxetine, $1252 [SD, $1616]; and treatment as usual, $1663 [SD, $3177]). CONCLUSIONS: For patients with severe IBS, both psychotherapy and paroxetine improve health-related quality of life at no additional cost. 相似文献
59.
60.
T. Michael Creed Shweta Tandon Richard A. Ward Kenneth R. McLeish 《Inflammation research》2017,66(10):891-899