Clinical and radiological outcomes of concomitant endoscopic gastrocnemius release with scarf osteotomy

Background

Studies showed patients with hallux valgus also have tight gastrocnemius concomitantly. This study aims to investigate (1) prevalence of tight gastrocnemius in symptomatic hallux valgus (2) clinical and radiological outcomes of concomitant endoscopic gastrocnemius release with scarf osteotomy.

Emergence of a virulent porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in Taiwan in 2018

In March 2018, an abortion storm caused by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus was confirmed in a farrow‐to‐finish pig herd in Taiwan. Open reading frame 5 and non‐structural protein 2 of the virus confirmed that the virus is closely related to the virulent strains circulating in the United States.     

Immutol诱导大鼠心脏移植物免疫耐受的研究

目的  探讨Immutol诱导大鼠心脏移植物产生免疫耐受的作用。方法  建立大鼠腹腔异位心脏移植模型。将受体大鼠分成5组：空白对照组（n=6）;DMSO组（n=6）,使用二甲基亚砜(DMSO)给药至移植物停搏;Immutol组（n=6）,使用Immutol给药至移植物停搏;环孢素（CsA）组（n=10）,使用CsA给药20 d后停药;联合实验组（n=13）,使用Immutol给药60 d后停药,CsA给药20 d后停药。观察各组大鼠心脏移植物的存活时间和病理学变化;检测各组大鼠血清白细胞介素（IL）-10、干扰素（IFN）- γ的含量,以及心脏组织的吲哚胺2, 3-双加氧酶（IDO）、纤维蛋白原样蛋白2（Fgl2）的信使核糖核酸（mRNA）表达情况。结果  联合实验组心脏移植物可长期存活,存活时间>180 d,均可诱导产生免疫耐受。联合实验组术后39 d心脏移植物的病理评分明显低于CsA组（P < 0.05）。联合实验组术后9、39 d血清IL-10和IFN- γ含量均明显高于CsA组（均为P < 0.05）,联合实验组IL-10和IFN- γ含量随时间延长逐渐升高。联合实验组术后39 d IDO和Fgl2 mRNA表达量明显高于CsA组（均为P < 0.05）,联合实验组术后IDO的mRNA表达量呈现逐渐升高的趋势。联合实验组术后180 d Fgl2的mRNA表达量明显高于术后9、39 d（均为P < 0.05）。结论  Immutol联合CsA可有效抑制急性排斥反应发生,停药后可诱导移植物长期存活,产生免疫耐受。     

Use of split‐thickness plantar skin grafts in the management of leg and foot skin defects

The basic principle of donor site selection is to take skin from areas that will heal with minimal scarring while balancing the needs of the recipient site. For skin loss from the lower legs and feet, the most common harvest site for split‐thickness skin grafts is the anterior or posterior thigh; grafts from the plantar areas have been mostly used to cover the volar aspect of digits and palms. Between September 2015 and September 2017, 42 patients with areas of skin loss on the legs or feet were treated with plantar skin grafts because of their cosmetic benefits and the convenience of the surgical procedure and postoperative wound care. Our technique of harvesting a single layer of split‐thickness skin graft (0.014 in. thick) from a non‐weight‐bearing area of the foot of the injured leg is simple and provided good functional and cosmetic outcomes at both the donor and recipient sites. All patients were very satisfied with the recovery progress and final results. Therefore, in the management of skin defects in the lower legs or feet that comprise less than 1.5% of the total body surface area, our surgical method is a reliable alternative to anterior or posterior thigh skin grafting.     

Prognostic Role of Carcinoembryonic Antigen Level after Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy in Patients with Rectal Cancer

Background

The prognostic role of post-chemoradiotherapy (CRT) carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level is not clear. We evaluated the prognostic significance of post-CRT CEA level in patients with rectal cancer after preoperative CRT.

Methods

We reviewed 659 consecutive patients who underwent preoperative CRT and total mesorectal excision for non-metastatic rectal cancer. Patients were categorized into two groups according to post-CRT serum CEA level: low CEA (<?5 ng/mL) and high CEA (≥?5 ng/mL).

Results

Median post-CRT CEA level was 1.7 ng/mL (range, 0.1–207.0). A high post-CRT level was significantly associated with ypStage, ypT category, tumor regression grade, and pre-CRT CEA level. The 5-year overall survival rate of the 659 patients was 87.8% with a median follow-up period of 57.0 months (range, 1.4–176.4). When the post-CRT CEA groups were divided into groups according to pre-CRT CEA level, the 5-year overall survival rates were significantly different (P?<?0.001 and P?=?0.001, respectively). Post-CRT CEA level was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival. Multivariate analysis revealed that operation method, differentiation, perineural invasion, postoperative chemotherapy, tumor regression grade, and post-CRT CEA level were independent prognostic factors for overall survival.

Conclusion

The level of serum CEA after preoperative CRT was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival in patients with rectal cancer.

     

鼻翼旋转皮瓣修复严重鼻翼内陷

目的 探讨鼻翼旋转皮瓣修复严重鼻翼内陷的临床效果.方法 首先利用自体肋软骨塑造鼻尖和鼻梁,再以肋软骨补片加长加厚鼻翼凹陷患侧鼻翼软骨,最后按设计采用鼻翼皮肤旋转皮瓣重建患侧鼻翼.结果 2011年5月至2013年11月于临床应用14例,所有患者鼻翼内陷均有改善,皮瓣外观良好,切口愈合良好,瘢痕不明显,鼻翼大小无显著性变化,未出现鼻阻塞等并发症.术后随访6 ～ 30个月,平均11个月,仅1例(单侧)瘢痕形成,其余患者对手术效果表示满意.结论 用鼻翼旋转皮瓣修复鼻翼内陷是一种有效的方法,切口隐蔽,符合鼻整形美学原则.     

腹腔镜直肠癌前切除术472例临床经验总结

目的探讨腹腔镜直肠癌前切除术的手术技巧、经验及疗效。方法回顾性分析2006年4月~2012年10月我院腹腔镜直肠癌前切除术472例的临床资料及手术视频,手术遵循全系膜切除(total mesorectal excision,TME)原则及无瘤技术常规,从中间入路进行解剖游离,采用双吻合器技术进行消化道重建。结果 1 425例成功完成腹腔镜手术,手术时间62~238 min,平均119 min,术中出血15~320 ml,平均62.5 ml。2淋巴结清扫数7~41枚,平均19枚,均行肠系膜下动静脉根部结扎离断。直肠癌手术标本评估3级379例(89.2%),2级46例(10.8%)。3 47例中转开腹,其中22例是由于手术成员变化而造成的配合生疏及暴露不清,3例盆腔粘连,13例出血无法控制,9例病期较晚与术前评估不符。4无手术死亡病例,术后并发症37例(8.7%),包括吻合口出血5例,吻合口漏9例,切口感染14例,切口疝9例。5 332例完成腹腔镜手术者随访24~102个月,平均58个月。1年、3年、5年生存率分别为99.7%、90.3%和79.1%。结论腹腔镜直肠癌前切除术应注意关键步骤的把握,骶前及直肠周围的游离技巧是保证系膜完整切除的关键,保证标本切除和取出的完整性。术前应严格控制适应证,减少中转开腹率。强调团队配合,减少助手、持镜医师、护士甚至麻醉师的频繁更替。     

碱性成纤维细胞生长因子在大鼠BMSCs向睾丸Leydig细胞分化中的作用研究

目的 :研究碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(b FGF)在大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)定向分化为睾丸Leydig细胞过程中的作用,探讨BMSCs定向分化为Leydig细胞的适宜方法。方法:将经纯化鉴定的SD大鼠BMSCs第3代细胞接种于6孔板,随机分为对照组(A)、人绒毛膜促性腺素(h CG)+血小板源性生长因子(PDGF)诱导组(B)、h CG+PDGF+5.0 ng/ml b FGF诱导组(C)、h CG+PDGF+10.0 ng/ml b FGF诱导组(D)、h CG+PDGF+20.0 ng/ml b FGF诱导组(E),分别于第7、14、21天进行形态学观察、培养液睾酮水平及3β-羟化类固醇脱氢酶(3β-HSD)免疫荧光检测。结果:B、C、D、E组细胞诱导后体积变大,互相连接呈长梭形或不规则形,贴壁生长,核大、较圆,符合Leydig细胞的特点。随着时间和b FGF浓度的增加,B、C、D、E组睾酮水平逐渐升高,3β-HSD阳性表达细胞逐渐增多,C、D、E组与B组,D、E组与C组间差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);D、E组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:b FGF在大鼠BMSCs向Leydig细胞体外诱导分化过程中有明显促进作用。