大鼠再生肝对二乙基亚硝胺启动作用的敏感性

目的比较再生肝和正常肝对二乙基亚硝胺（ＤＥＮ）启动作用的敏感性。方法以２／３肝叶切除后８周末的大鼠为实验组,正常大鼠为对照组,作如下比较：肝重、常规组织学检查及３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入试验;用修改的Ｓｏｌｔ－Ｆａｒｂｅｒ模型,通过对ＧＧＴ阳性癌前病灶的体视学测量,观察肝脏对ＤＥＮ的启动效应;在体内和体外（无血清原代培养肝细胞）经ＤＥＮ攻击后,以核酸原位缺口标记方法观察肝细胞ＤＮＡ的损伤程度。结果２／３肝叶切除后８周末的实验组肝脏的修复过程已完成,未见肝细胞继续增生的表现;经ＤＥＮ攻击后,实验组肝癌前病灶在数密度和体积密度上都显著高于对照组;无论在体内或体外接受ＤＥＮ攻击后,实验组肝细胞ＤＮＡ的损伤程度都显著大于对照组。结论即使再生过程已经完成,再生肝仍比正常肝具有较高的致癌敏感性,这与再生肝肝细胞在ＤＥＮ攻击后其ＤＮＡ损伤较重相关。     

内毒素休克时自由基对肝脏细胞和亚细胞器的损伤

本文探讨氧衍生的自由基在内毒素休克时对肝脏细胞和亚细胞的损伤作用。给大鼠静注内毒素(3mg/kg体重)0.5小时后,尽管肝组织MDA没有明显升高(P>0.05),但线粒体和溶酶体悬液中MDA以及肝组织、线粒体、溶酶体SOD较对照已明显升高(P<0.05)。休克后2小时,肝组织、线粒体、溶酶体MDA均显著升高(P<0.01～0.001),以后升高更甚(P<0.001)。线粒体、溶酶体SOD在休克后2小时明显下降(P<0.05),休克后4小时肝组织和亚细胞器SOD均明显受抑(P<0.01～0.001)。血浆,溶血液MDA、SOD和溶酶体酶在休克后均有程度不同的改变。实验结果表明氧衍生的自由基在内毒素休克时引起肝细胞和线粒体、溶酶体等亚细胞器的脂质过氧化损伤,而亚细胞器的损伤似乎早于组织损伤。     

Triploidy syndrome: A report on two live-born (69, XXY) and one still-born (69, XXX) infants

Two live-born cases, 69,XXY and one stillbirth, 69,XXX are reported. Further evidence is presented to delineate the triploidy syndrome. Common external and internal features which characterize the triploidy syndrome are low-set ears, hypertelorism, colobomata, syndactyly, simian creases, microphallus, undescended testes, scrotal aplasia, anomalous heart and hypoplasia of kidneys and adrenals. The triploidy syndrome encompasses features found in trisomies 13, 18 and 21. We suggest that the abnormal development of the triploidy infants is the result of the mentioned trisomies and their subsequent effect on the remaining genome.     

Changing characteristics of typhoid fever in Taiwan.

Typhoid fever, a systemic disease caused by Salmonella typhi, is classically characterized by fever and abdominal symptoms. Although now considered uncommon, it seems to have re-emerged in Taiwan in recent years. We conducted a retrospective study of the clinical characteristics and microbiologic findings in 24 confirmed cases of typhoid fever treated over a 7-year period at a medical center in northern Taiwan. There were 11 males and 13 females, including 15 adults (over 18 years in age) and 9 children. Their mean age was 24.7 years (range, 9 months to 58 years). Twelve patients had recently returned from abroad, mostly from Southeast Asia. The most common complaints were fever (24/24), diarrhea (18/24), abdominal pain (10/24), and cough (10/24). The average duration of fever before diagnosis was 14.1 days, with a maximum of 30 days. Relative bradycardia was noted in 6 patients. Leukopenia was noted in 2 patients. S. typhi was isolated from blood culture in 20 cases, from stool culture in 3 cases, and from bone marrow culture in 1 case. Widal test was only positive initially in 7/18 cases. Fever of unknown origin was the most common initial diagnosis. Typhoid or enteric fever was impressed initially in only 2 cases. Almost all isolates of S. typhi were susceptible to antibiotics currently used for typhoid fever, with only 1 isolate resistant to chloramphenicol. All patients survived after antibiotic treatment. Only 1 patient developed recurrence after a 10-day course of ceftriaxone. In conclusion, the diagnosis of typhoid fever is often challenging due to non-specific symptoms and lack of an immediate confirmatory test. It is important to include this disease in the differential diagnosis of febrile patients with abdominal symptoms.     

Significance of cytogenetic and fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis in evaluating antichronic myeloid leukemia efficacy of different immune effector cells

We report on the antileukemia effect of interleukin 2 (IL2) on different immune cells from 22 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Bone marrow cells from these patients were first cultured in modified long-term bone marrow culture medium for several days, then separately cultured with lymphokine activated killer cells (LAK), cytokine-induced killer cells (CIK), and dendritic cell cocultured CIK (DC-CIK) for another 1-2 days. They were then detected for presence of the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph) by cytogenetic analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The percentage of Ph-chromosome-positive cells in the bone marrow mononuclear cells after culturing with CIK and DC-CIK was significantly lower than that after culturing with IL2 or LAK. Our results demonstrate that cytogenetics and FISH are useful techniques for the evaluation of the anti-CML effect of immune cells and that CIK or DC-CIK can be appropriate candidates for adoptive immune cell therapy in vivo or for leukemia cell purging ex vivo.     

诱发电位连续检测及其在低温心脏直视手术脑干监护中的应用

本文介绍了一种带自适应补偿的维纳滤波算法,和以该算法为基础形成的诱发电位连续监测软件,它作为NDI200型神经诊断仪的一种功能,可连续地记录和分析诱发电位信号,记录一次诱发电位所需的刺激数仅为平时的1/10。该软件配合NDI200神经诊断仪,在低温心脏直视手术脑干听觉诱发电位监护中首先得到了应用。