全文获取类型
收费全文 | 23711篇 |
免费 | 1373篇 |
国内免费 | 257篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 472篇 |
儿科学 | 318篇 |
妇产科学 | 270篇 |
基础医学 | 4311篇 |
口腔科学 | 559篇 |
临床医学 | 1894篇 |
内科学 | 4522篇 |
皮肤病学 | 904篇 |
神经病学 | 1803篇 |
特种医学 | 1322篇 |
外科学 | 2938篇 |
综合类 | 143篇 |
现状与发展 | 1篇 |
一般理论 | 5篇 |
预防医学 | 1071篇 |
眼科学 | 450篇 |
药学 | 2101篇 |
中国医学 | 284篇 |
肿瘤学 | 1973篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 150篇 |
2022年 | 509篇 |
2021年 | 811篇 |
2020年 | 402篇 |
2019年 | 568篇 |
2018年 | 643篇 |
2017年 | 532篇 |
2016年 | 734篇 |
2015年 | 1087篇 |
2014年 | 1293篇 |
2013年 | 1428篇 |
2012年 | 2158篇 |
2011年 | 2041篇 |
2010年 | 1168篇 |
2009年 | 1047篇 |
2008年 | 1446篇 |
2007年 | 1327篇 |
2006年 | 1144篇 |
2005年 | 1008篇 |
2004年 | 863篇 |
2003年 | 751篇 |
2002年 | 647篇 |
2001年 | 571篇 |
2000年 | 470篇 |
1999年 | 400篇 |
1998年 | 161篇 |
1997年 | 122篇 |
1996年 | 96篇 |
1995年 | 99篇 |
1994年 | 66篇 |
1993年 | 50篇 |
1992年 | 151篇 |
1991年 | 152篇 |
1990年 | 113篇 |
1989年 | 122篇 |
1988年 | 103篇 |
1987年 | 109篇 |
1986年 | 95篇 |
1985年 | 87篇 |
1984年 | 64篇 |
1983年 | 59篇 |
1982年 | 38篇 |
1981年 | 39篇 |
1980年 | 32篇 |
1979年 | 48篇 |
1978年 | 49篇 |
1977年 | 44篇 |
1976年 | 33篇 |
1974年 | 30篇 |
1973年 | 34篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
Ho-Seong Han Jai Young Cho Yoo-Seok Yoon 《Journal of hepato-biliary-pancreatic sciences》2009,16(4):427-432
Many studies have recently reported on laparoscopic liver resection, although its development has been slow compared to laparoscopy in other fields. The indications for the location of laparoscopic liver resection have previously been limited to easily accessible lesions. Performing laparoscopic liver resection in the posterior and superior parts of the liver has been considered difficult due to inadequate exposure, the poor operative field and the difficulty with parenchymal dissection. Flexible endoscopy, high definition imaging and various kinds of equipment for parenchymal transection have been introduced for clinical use. In addition, much experience with this procedure has been accumulated at many centers. Accordingly, there are an increasing number of reports on laparoscopic liver resection in difficult locations. At our institution, the location of the tumor is no longer a limitation to laparoscopic liver resection. However, for safer laparoscopic liver resection, the patient positioning and trocar placement should be individualized according to the tumor location. The type of resection also may depend on the remaining liver’s functional capacity. We describe here the technical considerations for performing laparoscopic liver resection, including the technical considerations for performing laparoscopic liver resection for lesions located in the postero-superior segments of the liver. 相似文献
22.
23.
24.
Choroid plexus papillomas (CPPs) are typically considered as benign tumors, with a favorable long-term prognosis. Drop metastasis of CPP into the spinal subarachnoid space is rare. We report a 42-year-old woman who presented with headache and back pain 6 years after removal of a posterior fossa CPP. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed mass lesions in the lumbosacral subarachnoid space and recurrent intracranial tumor. The lesions were resected and histologically diagnosed was CPP. We consider that CPP can spread via cerebrospinal fluid pathways and cause spinal drop metastasis. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the whole spinal axis and to perform periodic follow-up examinations in patients with CPP. 相似文献
25.
Je-Yong Choi Hyung-Jong Kim Yong-Chan Lee Byoung-Ouck Cho Ha-Soo Seong Michael Cho Seong-Gon Kim 《Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics》2007,103(3):321-328
OBJECTIVE: Pamidronate has been studied as a therapeutic drug for various osteopenic diseases. However, avascular osteonecrosis in the jawbone has been recently reported in patients receiving pamidronate. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of pamidronate on bone regeneration in a controlled animal model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To determine the effect of parmidronate on bone healing in a local bony defect area, a rabbit calvarial bony defect model was used and poly L-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) used as a drug carrier material. Four defect groups were made in each rabbit calvaria and the defects were treated as follows: untreated bony defect (group 1), PLGA only (group 2), 2 mg of pamidronate with PLGA (group 3), and 3 mg of pamidronate with PLGA (group 4). Bone healing was evaluated by radiography and histology at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks after surgery. RESULTS: In radiographic analysis, radiopacity was lower in pamidronate groups than non-operated rabbit calvarial bone at all observation points (P < .05). In histological analysis, the initial bone formation at 1 week was not different among groups, but it was much lower in the pamidronate groups than in the control or PLGA group after 2 weeks. Newly formed bone at 1 week underwent avascular necrosis after 2 weeks in both pamidronate groups. Avascular necrosis was not observed until 8 weeks in both topically applied pamidronate groups. CONCLUSION: Collectively, pamidronate inhibits bone healing in rabbit calvarial bony defect and it may explain the avascular necrosis of the jaws in patients receiving pamidronate. 相似文献
26.
Kyu-Won Shim Tae-Gon Kim Chang-Ok Suh Jae-Ho Cho Chul-Joo Yoo Joong-Uhn Choi Jung-Hee Kim Dong-Seok Kim 《Child's nervous system》2007,23(10):1155-1161
Object A radiation dose of 40–50 Gy is able to produce a cure rate of more than 90% in intracranial pure germinoma. However, many
attempts have been made to reduce the dose and volume of radiation without compromising the disease control rate because of
the toxicity of irradiation. This retrospective study is intended to provide the physician with an appropriate therapeutic
strategy.
Materials and methods We reviewed a series of 10 recurrent germinomas among 117 germinomas diagnosed histologically or clinically between 1979 and
2002. These patients involved underwent three different treatment modalities; radiation alone (N = 71), chemotherapy alone (N = 9), and combined therapy (N = 37). The 10-year overall and relapse-free survival rates were 97 and 93% in the radiation alone group, 89 and 67% in the
chemotherapy alone group, and 92 and 92% in the combined therapy group, respectively. As expected, both radiation therapy
and combined therapy were effective in controlling the disease. Tumor recurrence was closely related to the volume of radiation
but not to the dose of radiation. If the tumor bed and craniospinal axis were fully covered, the radiation dose might be reduced.
Chemotherapy alone showed earlier recurrence and a higher tumor recurrence rate. In the case of combined therapy, chemotherapy
was useful in reducing the radiation dose but revealed some toxicity (death of two patients).
Conclusions The investigation of a possible further dose reduction seems worthwhile. Radiation therapy alone with a dose of less than
40 Gy should be compared with ongoing chemotherapeutic protocols combined with low-dose irradiation. 相似文献
27.
Choe Seong Wook MD Cho Wan Ik MD Lee Chang Kyun MD † Seo Seong Jun MD 《Dermatologic surgery》2005,31(5):502-508
BACKGROUND: Masseteric muscle hypertrophy is an uncommon dition represented as a swelling of the masseter muscle. Recent reports have demonstrated the successful use of botulinum in the treatment of masseteric hypertrophy. OBJECTIVE: This study was a prospective trial to evaluate the effectiveness of botulinum toxin type A (Botox) in the treatment of masseteric muscle hypertrophy according to doses of 10, 20, and 30 U. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-two patients were referred to the dermatologic clinic for the management of masseteric muscle hypertrophy. Ultrasonographic measurements of the thickness of the masseter muscle were performed, and clinical photographs were taken before treatment and 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 9 months after the treatment. RESULTS. The median values of percentage reduction of muscle mass were 10.3%, 16.5%, 23.7%, 24.7%, 21.6%, 16.5% in the 10 U group; 11.9%, 18.8%, 24.8%, 27.7%, 26.7%, and 21.8% in the 20 U group; and 12.0%, 19.4%, 25.0%, 27.8%, 37.8%, and 24.1% in the 30 U group. CONCLUSION. The adequate dose of botulinum toxin type A for treatment of masseteric muscle hypertrophy should be above 20 U. The effect of botulinum toxin type A is maintained for at least 9 months as the treatment of masseteric muscle hypertrophy. 相似文献
28.
Hyo-Chang Kim Seok-Gu Kang Pil-Woo Huh Do Sung Yoo Kyoung Suok Cho Dal Soo Kim 《Journal of clinical neuroscience》2007,14(11):1135-1139
Pituitary abscess is a rare and potentially lethal condition. Pituitary abscess in a pregnant woman has not been previously described. A 38-year-old pregnant woman (34 weeks gestation) with a pituitary mass complained of a progressive headache and sudden visual impairment. She was afebrile and had no inflammatory symptoms on admission. On MRI, the preoperative diagnosis was pituitary adenoma with sphenoid sinusitis. She underwent an uncomplicated transsphenoidal procedure for removal of the pituitary mass. The next day, labor commenced and a healthy preterm baby was delivered. Pathologic examination of the intrasellar mass showed polymorphonuclear cells, debris and no tumor cells. The sellar contents were cultured and Streptococcus viridans was grown. To our knowledge this is the first case of pituitary abscess reported during pregnancy. Although the patient was pregnant, the transsphenoidal approach was safe for the mother and the fetus. Surgical drainage and antibiotic therapy are required for the definitive treatment of this condition. 相似文献
29.
Jin Woo Kim M.D. Ho Shik Kim M.D. In Kyung Kim M.D. Mee Ran Kim M.D. Eun Young Cho B.S. Heung Kee Kim M.D. Joon Mo Lee M.D. Sung Eun Namkoong M.D. 《Gynecologic oncology》1998,69(3):230-236
Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is known to be a potent growth inhibitor for many cell types, including most epithelial cells. In skin keratinocytes, TGF-β1 has been shown to inhibit growth and to rapidly reduce c-mycexpression. However, the molecular mechanism of TGF-β1 action on cell growth of cervical carcinoma has not yet been elucidated. We thus assessed the effect of TGF-β1 on the growth of cervical carcinoma cell lines. Two cervical squamous carcinoma cell lines, CUMC-3 and CUMC-6, were incubated with varying concentrations of TGF-β1, and growth inhibition was evaluated with tetrazolium-based colorimetric assay. After culture in TGF-β1 for 24 h, inhibition of growth was detected in a dose-dependent manner at concentrations of 0.1–10 ng/ml in both cell lines. This effect of TGF-β1 on cultured carcinoma cells was associated with apoptotic process including oligonucleosomal ladder DNA and apoptotic body formations. Northern blot analysis revealed c-mycmRNA expression was suppressed by 10 ng/ml of TGF-β1 following 3 h of treatment in both cell lines. Western blot analysis showed that the level of p27Kip1protein was increased after TGF-β1 treatment in both cell lines. These results suggest that the mechanisms by which TGF-β1 inhibits the growth of cervical carcinoma are complex and may include effects on down-regulation of c-mycgene, and overexpression of p27Kip1protein. 相似文献
30.