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991.
Manganelli F Iodice V Provitera V Pisciotta C Nolano M Perretti A Santoro L 《Muscle & nerve》2007,36(6):816-820
We assessed the involvement of cutaneous innervation in two subjects with a molecularly confirmed diagnosis of spinobulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) using antidromic nerve conduction studies, quantitative sensory testing, and sweat tests, as well as immunohistochemical techniques and confocal microscopy of glabrous and hairy skin biopsy. Both patients showed a marked reduction in amplitude of sensory action potentials and moderate or severe abnormalities of tactile thresholds and mechanical pain perception. A severe reduction of sweat drops on the Silastic imprint test and a widespread loss of small myelinated and unmyelinated fibers in hairy skin were also observed. Fiber loss involved either somatic or autonomic fibers and did not show any distal-proximal gradient. These results, together with loss of Meissner corpuscles and their large myelinated afferent fibers in glabrous skin, confirmed the extensive involvement of sensory neurons of large and small size and revealed an autonomic skin denervation in SBMA. 相似文献
992.
Milani D D'Arrigo S Erbetta A Selicorni A Riva D Pantaleoni C 《Journal of child neurology》2007,22(7):883-886
We report on a girl presenting with mental retardation, craniofacial dysmorphisms, and syndactyly. The child's mother and maternal grandfather presented bilateral syndactyly of toes 2 and 3. These manifestations, falling within the ambit of what has been termed the craniodigital syndromes, were first reported by Scott et al (1971) in 3 brothers. 相似文献
993.
Spatola CA Fagnani C Pesenti-Gritti P Ogliari A Stazi MA Battaglia M 《Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry》2007,46(5):619-627
OBJECTIVE: To explore the contributions of genetic and environmental influences to individual variation and covariation of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) DSM-oriented scales (DOS) originally proposed by Achenbach and associates in 2001. METHOD: A classic twin study of 398 twin pairs ages 8 to 17 years belonging to the population-based Italian Twin Registry, assessed by parents using the CBCL for Ages 6 to 18 (CBCL/6-18). RESULTS: Univariate analyses showed that compared with the classic CBCL/6-18 empirical subscales, the DOS have higher heritability (lowest 0.54 for Anxiety Problems, highest 0.71 for Conduct Problems) and simpler causal structure in that the phenotypic variance was satisfactorily explained by additive genetic and unique environmental factors only. Multivariate analyses showed that the causes of phenotypic correlation among the different DOS can be attributed to one common genetic factor and to two idiosyncratic environmental factors, each loading differently on the Internalizing (Anxiety and Affective Problems) and the Externalizing (Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity, Oppositional Defiant, and Conduct Problems) CBCL/6-18 DOS. CONCLUSIONS: Several common risk factors of both genetic and environmental nature can simultaneously affect a child's proneness to develop the psychopathological signs and symptoms captured by the CBCL/6-18 DOS. 相似文献
994.
Kilpi TM Silfverdal SA Nilsson L Syrjänen R Belloni C Desole M Triban C Storsaeter J Soila M Jacquet JM 《Human vaccines》2009,5(1):18-25
The use of combination vaccines in the routine childhood program reduces distress to the recipients and is likely to improve uptake rates and timeliness of vaccination but requires careful evaluation and surveillance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of two commercial diphtheria-tetanus- acellular pertussis-hepatitis b-inactivated polio virus-Haemophilus influenzae type b (DTaP-HBV-IPV/Hib) combination vaccines when administered to infants at 3, 5 and 11-12 months of age. A total of 494 infants were randomized to receive three doses of either Infanrix hexa (GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals; N = 246) or Hexavac (Sanofi Pasteur MSD; N = 248) in 10 centers in Italy, Finland and Sweden. After the third dose, antibodies to diphtheria, tetanus, polio and Hib were at the protective level in nearly all infants in both groups whereas the proportion of subjects who had achieved the protective concentration of >or=10 mIU/ml to hepatitis B surface antigen was 99.1% (95% CI 96.7-99.9) in the Infanrix hexa group as compared to 94.4% (95% CI 90.4.97.1) in the Hexavac group. Antibody titers to all three polio antigens were highest in Italy and lowest in Finland. Clinically relevant general reactions (such as fever of >39.5 degrees C) were mostly reported in less than 5% of the vaccinees. Three doses of DTaP-HBV-IPV/Hib combination vaccines produced sufficient immune responses in nearly all vaccinees. 相似文献
995.
Silvia Rossi Valentina De Chiara Alessandra Musella Giorgia Mataluni Lucia Sacchetti Giorgio Bernardi Alessandro Usiello Diego Centonze 《Neuropharmacology》2009,56(3):590-597
Caffeine, the psychoactive ingredient of coffee and of many soft drinks, is frequently abused by humans especially during stressful live events. The endocannabinoid system is involved in the central effects of many psychoactive compounds and of stress. Whether caffeine alters the cannabinoid system and interferes with stress-induced synaptic alterations is however unknown. We have studied electrophysiologically the sensitivity of cannabinoid receptors modulating synaptic transmission in the striatum of mice exposed to caffeine in their drinking solution. Chronic caffeine assumption sensitized GABAergic synapses to the presynaptic effect of cannabinoid CB1 receptor stimulation by exo- and endocannabinoids. Caffeine was conversely unable to affect the sensitivity of cannabinoid receptors modulating glutamate transmission. The synaptic effects of caffeine were slowly reversible after its removal from the drinking solution. Furthermore, although exposure to caffeine for only 24 h did not produce measurable changes of the sensitivity of cannabinoid CB1 receptors, it was able to contrast the down-regulation of CB1 receptor-mediated responses after social defeat stress.Our data suggest that the cannabinoid system is implicated in the psychoactive properties of caffeine and in the ability of caffeine to reduce the pathological consequences of stress. 相似文献
996.
Patriarca G Nucera E Pollastrini E Roncallo C De Pasquale T Lombardo C Pedone C Gasbarrini G Buonomo A Schiavino D 《Digestive diseases and sciences》2007,52(7):1662-1672
The possibility of obtaining oral desensitization in patients with food allergy is still a matter of debate. We decided to
evaluate the safety and efficacy of standardized protocols for oral desensitization with the most common food allergens. Forty-two
children (ages up to 16 years) diagnosed as affected by food allergy (on the basis of clinical history, skin prick tests,
measurement of specific IgE, and double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge) underwent a sublingual-oral desensitizing
treatment according to new standardized protocols. The control group consisted of 10 patients who followed an elimination
diet. The treatment was successfully completed by 85.7% of the patients. Specific IgE showed a significant decrease, while
specific IgG4 showed a significant increase, in all treated patients. The immunological modifications observed in our patients lead us
to hypothesize that oral tolerance may be mediated by the same mechanisms as those involved in traditional desensitizing treatments
for respiratory and insect sting allergy. 相似文献
997.
998.
999.
The use of expiratory muscle strength trainers improves parameters related to pulmonary function, speech, and cough in both
healthy and patient populations. Recently, it has been speculated that expiratory strength training may alter the force generation
of muscles used during the swallow process. Specifically, the use of the trainer may result in increased activation of the
submental muscle complex. Support for this hypothesis was tested by examining the timing and amplitude of submental muscle
activity obtained using surface EMG. These muscles are known to be important for normal swallow function. Twenty participants
(10 males, 10 females; mean age = 29 years) were recruited to participate in a one-session study. Participants were asked
to perform two swallows (saliva swallow and water swallow) and develop an expiratory pressure set at 25% and 75% of their
maximum expiratory pressure (MEP) using an expiratory muscle strength trainer. These tasks allowed comparison of muscle activity
during both the swallow and expiratory tasks completed with the trainer. Results indicated that the patterns of activation
in the submental muscle group while training on the expiratory device had longer duration of activation with higher amplitude
of EMG activity when compared with the swallowing condition. These findings indicate that expiratory muscle strength training
(EMST) increases motor unit recruitment of the submental muscle complex. Discussion centers on the potential benefit of EMST
as a treatment modality for dysphagia characterized by decreased amplitude of hyoid movement during swallowing.
This study was completed at the Oral Motor-Human Performance Laboratory of the Brain Rehabilitation Research Center, Malcom
Randall VA Medical Center, Gainesville, Florida 相似文献
1000.
Cantarini L Leo G Giannitti C Cevenini G Barberini P Fioravanti A 《Rheumatology international》2007,27(6):523-529
Spa therapy and short wave therapy are two of the most commonly used non-pharmacological approaches for osteoarthritis. The
aim of this study was to assess their efficacy in comparison to conventional therapy in patients with osteoarthritis of the
knee in a single blind, randomized, controlled trial. Seventy-four outpatients were enrolled; 30 patients were treated with
a combination of daily local mud packs and arsenical ferruginous mineral bath water from the thermal resort of Levico Terme
(Trento, Italy) for 3 weeks; 24 patients were treated with short wave therapy for the same period and 20 patients continued
regular, routine ambulatory care. Patients were assessed at baseline, upon completion of the 3-week treatment period, and
12 weeks later. Spa therapy and short wave therapy both demonstrated effective symptomatic treatment in osteoarthritis of
the knee at the end of the treatment, but only the spa therapy was shown to have efficacy persistent over time. Our study
demonstrated the superiority of arsenical ferruginous spa therapy compared to short wave therapy in the treatment of osteoarthritis
of the knee, probably in relationship to the specific effects of the minerals in this water. 相似文献