人髓核软骨样细胞的生物学特性观察

目的:探讨人髓核软骨样细胞的生物学特性,为组织工程椎间盘种子细胞的选取提供依据.方法:髓核组织取材于3例脊柱侧凸行前路矫形手术者(年龄11～13岁),依次用0.25%胰蛋白酶和0.2%Ⅱ型胶原酶分离髓核细胞,用含10%胎牛血清(FBS)的F12培养液培养细胞,取传1～7代次细胞进行光镜、电镜检查,观察细胞形态学改变,对细胞计数、二甲基噻唑二苯基四唑溴盐(MTT)摄取进行比较,通过逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)测定细胞的聚集蛋白聚糖(Aggrecan)、Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型胶原蛋白信使RNA(mRNA)的表达情况.结果:体外培养条件下,传3代之前的细胞形态正常,胞浆丰富;传4代起.部分细胞的形态逐渐向长梭形演化.与传1代细胞相比,传2、3代细胞数量增殖无明显减缓(P>0.05),传4代细胞第4天开始生长减慢(P<0.05),传5Ⅰ7代细胞第2天即较转1代细胞数量明显减少(P<0.05).传1Ⅰ3代细胞的MTT摄取吸光度值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),和传1代相比,传4代具有统计学差异(P<0.05),传5Ⅰ7代的差异更显著(P<0.01).聚集蛋白聚糖和Ⅱ型胶原在传3代之前各代次的mRNA表达量间无统计学差异(P>0.05),和传1代相比,Ⅱ型胶原从第4代起表达量显著下降(P<0.05),聚集蛋白聚糖从第5代起表达量显著下降(P<0.05),而从传5代起髓核软骨样细胞开始表达Ⅰ型胶原:结论:髓核细胞传代后前3代细胞形态良好,增殖能力强,聚集蛋白聚糖和Ⅱ型胶原mRNA表达良好,适合作为组织工程椎间盘的种子细胞.     

经峡部径路行甲状腺手术的术式改进

目的探讨经峡部径路行甲状腺手术的临床价值。方法回顾性分析10年间575l例行甲状腺手术患者的临床资料。按手术方式分为两组：经峡部径路甲状腺切除术的3288例为改良组；同期施行传统切除术式的2463例为常规组。比较两种手术方式对手术时间、术中出血、术后引流及并发症的影响。结果改良组手术时间较常规组明显缩短（P〈0．01），术中出血量、喉返神经神经损伤率、术后气管局部不适及低钙血症的发生率明显减少（P〈0．01），术后引流量减少（P〈0．05），患者对手术耐受性好，术后出血发生率两组无统计学差异。结论经峡部径路行甲状腺手术可明显缩短手术时间；减少术中出血量，以及降低喉返神经损伤、术后出血、低钙血症等并发症的发生。     

Pyruvate-modified perfadex improves lung function after long-term hypothermic storage.

BACKGROUND: Lungs harvested for transplantation are stored while inflated with oxygen, which can serve to support oxidative metabolism. However, strategies aimed at increasing graft metabolism during storage have received little attention. In this study, we added pyruvate to the preservation solution Perfadex and measured the effects on oxidative metabolism and reperfusion lung function. METHODS: Rat lungs were stored for 6 and 24 hours in low-potassium dextran solution at 10 degrees C containing either 5 mmol/liter uniformly carbon-13 (U-(13)C) labeled glucose (Perfadex), 32 mmol/liter 3-(13)C pyruvate (pyruvate), or both (combined). Oxidation of exogenous substrates was measured as the incorporation of (13)C into tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates by magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Additional groups of lungs with each substrate modification were preserved for 6 or 24 hours and then reperfused. RESULTS: Enrichment of tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates was low in the Perfadex group (9% at 6 hours and 32% at 24 hours of storage, respectively). In contrast, enrichment was significantly increased in both the pyruvate group (50% and 59%, respectively) and combined group (39% and 54%, respectively) compared with the Perfadex group (p<0.01). Graft function was excellent after 6-hour storage in all groups. All lungs stored for 24 hours exhibited inferior lung function, but oxygenation, pulmonary artery pressures, and airway pressures in the combined group were significantly improved compared with the Perfadex group (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Preservation solution substrate composition influences graft metabolism during storage. The addition of pyruvate to Perfadex increases metabolism during storage and improves reperfusion lung function.     

联合抗焦虑治疗持续性胸背痛伴焦虑症状患者的疗效观察

目的 探讨氟哌噻吨＋美利曲辛（商品名，黛力新）等药物联合治疗胸背痛伴焦虑症状患者的临床疗效。方法 将符合胸背痛伴焦虑症状的56例患者，随机分为A、B两组，每组28人．A组予以黛力新＋多虑平抗焦虑治疗，同时予以西乐葆止痛治疗；B组予以西乐葆单纯止痛治疗。观察治疗4周后患者胸背痛的疼痛程度的视觉类比评分（VAS）和汉密尔顿焦虑量表评分（HAMA）的变化。结果 A组患者治疗后VAS评分由（8．56±1．43）分下降到（3．42±1．71）分，HAMA焦虑量表评分由（29．48±8．75）分下降到（12．73±7．29）分；B组患者治疗后VAS评分由（8．61±1．24）分下降到（6．57±2．16）分，HAMA焦虑量表评分由（29．33±8．91）分下降到（20．36±5．77）分。2组治疗后VAS评分、HAMA焦虑量表评分的差值比较有显著性意义俨〈0．05）。结论 黛力新＋多虑平等联合治疗能显著改善患者的胸背痛伴焦虑症状，而单纯西乐葆止痛治疗效果不佳。     

内镜活检对胃癌组织学分类术前诊断的价值

目的 探讨内镜活检对胃癌组织学分类术前诊断的价值。方法 术前对141例胃癌患的内镜活检标本分别根据Lauren分类和世界卫生组织（WHO）分类判断组织学分类，并与手术标本结果对照。结果 内镜活检对胃癌Lauren分类术前诊断的准确率为76.6%。对肠型胃癌诊断的敏感性和特异性分别为85.4%和80.6%。而对弥漫型胃癌则分别为82.7%和80.3%，在59例术前诊断为肠型胃癌的病例中，18例（30.5%)在手术标本中呈弥漫性行生长，而在75例术前诊断为弥漫型胃癌的病例中，仅6例（8.0%)术后诊断为肠型胃癌，内镜活检对胃癌WHO分类术前诊断的准确率为87.2%，其中对乳头状/管状腺癌，黏液腺癌和印戒细胞癌的敏感性分别为91.9%。33.3%和66.7%。结论 内镜活检对胃癌组织学分类的术前诊断具有较高的临床应用价值。     

Quantification of bone healing. Comparison of QCT, SPA, MRI, and DEXA in dog osteotomies

Four noninvasive imaging modalities were used to quantitatively evaluate and compare tibial osteotomy healing in dogs. Quantitative computed tomography (QCT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), single-photon absorptiometry (SPA), and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) were the four techniques examined. Bilateral tibial osteotomies were performed in 32 dogs divided into four groups. The osteotomies were stabilized with a 2-mm gap using unilateral external skeletal fixation. Dogs were anesthetized, imaged with the four noninvasive techniques, and killed at 2-12 weeks. Invasive techniques were used to determine: 1) the torsional properties of the bone; and 2) the local stiffness properties and calcium content within the bone. The techniques which had the strongest associations with the torsional properties of the osteotomies were QCT, SPA and DEXA. Generally, QCT and SPA had marginally stronger correlations than DEXA; but, overall, there were no differences between the techniques. MRI had the poorest associations with the torsional properties of the osteotomies. Generally, QCT had the strongest correlations with local material properties, such as indentation stiffness and calcium content. SPA had the second strongest correlations with calcium content and had the third strongest correlations with indentation stiffness behind DEXA. DEXA had the third strongest correlations for calcium content. With the exception of some of the correlations with indentation stiffness, MRI had the poorest associations with the local parameters studied.     

Dynamic imaging with lanthanide chelates in normal brain: contrast due to magnetic susceptibility effects

Using a one-dimensional rapid imaging technique, we have found that injection of lanthanide chelates such as Gd(DTPA)2- leads to a significant decrease (50%) in rat brain signal intensity at 1.45 T using T2-weighted pulse sequences; however, no effect of comparable size is observed with T1-weighted pulse sequences. The transient effect and its kinetics were followed with a temporal resolution of between 1 and 8 s. Experiments with different lanthanide chelates show that the observed decrease in signal intensity correlates with the magnetic moment of each agent but not with their longitudinal relaxivity. Three-dimensional chemical-shift resolved experiments demonstrate significant line broadening in brain during infusion with Dy(DTPA)2-. Our results show that the cause of this effect is the difference in susceptibility between the capillaries, containing the contrast agent, and the surrounding tissue. As a result of these susceptibility differences, field gradients are produced in the tissue and diffusion of water through these gradients leads to a loss of spin phase coherence and thus a decrease in signal intensity. We propose this as a new type of contrast agent mechanism in NMR. The effect and its kinetics are likely to be related to important physiological parameters such as cerebral blood volume and cerebral blood flow, and do not depend on a breakdown of the blood-brain barrier as do conventional contrast agent techniques.     

Acute and chronic morphine administration in swine.

Functional responses to acute and chronic morphine administration in domestic swine were examined and correlated with pharmacokinetic profiles. Acute effects of morphine sulfate were monitored in pigs for 24 h and the chronic actions of morphine alkaloid were monitored for 21 days. Serum morphine levels, nociception, locomotor activity, respiratory rate, body temperature, and body weight were monitored during all studies. To assess nociception in a large laboratory animal, a portable thermal stimulating device was constructed. Morphine sulfate administered IV and SC had a half-life of approximately 1 h whereas delayed-release morphine alkaloid delivered SC had a half-life of 28 h. The degree of antinociception paralleled decline in blood morphine levels for both SC- and IV-administered animals. Tolerance occurred to both antinociception as well as weight gain despite morphine levels remaining constant over the 21-day period. Morphine dependence was demonstrated by precipitation of an abstinence syndrome using naloxone. Animals in withdrawal displayed consistent signs, including wet-dog shakes, posture changes, vocalization, and salivation. Collectively, these results indicate that swine may be reliably employed as a model to study the actions of morphine and opiate-like compounds.     

顺丁烯二酸水溶液的热反应动力学

研究了不同温度、浓度条件下，顺丁烯二酸（顺酸）非催化反应网络，即顺酸可生成反丁烯二酸（反酸）和苹果酸，反酸与苹果酸存在可逆反应。建立了该反应网络的动力学模型。测定了不同反应条件下顺酸、反酸和苹果酸浓度随时间变化的规律，据此，动力学参数进行了估值。     

芜湖市社区高血压病人现况调查

目的　了解高血压病人的基本情况 ,为寻找社区人群高血压的防治对策提供依据。方法　应用单纯随机抽样调查某街道 5 0 1名≥ 30岁居民中的高血压病人 ,用SPSS统计软件进行分析。结果　高血压患者的知晓率为 80 .0 %,服药率为 6 8.7%,采取非药物治疗的 6 3.5 %,使血压能控制在正常范围的占 18.0 %。结论　知晓率、服药率、控制率比 1991年全国抽样调查的结果有明显提高 ,在社区广泛开展健康教育和健康促进 ,对社区高血压患者实施防治结合是很有必要的。