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51.
During the last years, tissue engineering-based therapies have been introduced in clinical practice in the head and face area. The regeneration of complex tissue structures for all sites of the body is envisioned for the future. In the present situation, specialists of the different fields publish excellent research papers in specialised journals. As a result, the scientific community, seperated towards distinct sub-specialities, has difficulties in communication. To overcome this problem, the demanding, complex and interdisciplinary aspects of tissue engineering has to be approached from new ways. We have conceptualised Head & Face Medicine therefore as a thematically broad ranged journal, including all disciplines involved in the head and neck area. We hope this journal will attract basic researchers and clinicians who are involved in investigating and applying complex themes (examplified by tissue engineering) in the head and face region and will contribute to a gain in scientific information, communication, and collaboration in order to improve the outcome of patient treatments. 相似文献
52.
O. Blume L. Seper U. Meyer J. Piffkó und U. Joos 《Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie》2003,7(6):323-329
ZusammenfassungHintergrund Der Anteil an älteren Patienten steigt ständig und damit auch die Zahl traumatischer altersbedingter Verletzungen wie Frakturen des Unterkiefers. Die Frakturversorgung bei älteren Menschen stellt spezielle Anforderungen. Durch das Design einer neu entwickelten Osteosyntheseplatte sollte versucht werden, diese speziellen Gesichtspunkte zu erfüllen.Material und Methoden Im Gegensatz zu den 2.0-Miniplatten (Medartis AG, Basel) besitzt die Pencilbone-2.0-Platte, die aus diesen Miniplatten entwickelt wurde, einen oval geformten Mittelsteg zur Stabilisierung des frakturnahen Knochens und zwei sphärische Gleitlöcher jenseits der Fraktur. An den verstärkten Teil der Osteosyntheseplatte schließen sich jeweils 2 bzw. 3 normale unverstärkte Löcher an, die sich sehr leicht an den frakturfernen Knochen adaptieren lassen. Dies ermöglicht dem Operateur den intraoralen Zugangsweg und eine Handhabung, welche er von der Miniplattenosteosynthese gewohnt ist, bietet aber gleichzeitig eine höhere Stabilität im Vergleich mit den Standard-2.0.-Miniplatten.Ergebnisse und Diskussion Nach experimentellen und biomechanischen Untersuchungen, die alle positive Ergebnisse zeigten, wurde die neue Platte zwischen Oktober 2000 und November 2001 in zwei Kliniken an 16 Frakturen des atrophischen Unterkiefers bei 14 Patienten erfolgreich angewendet. 15 Frakturen heilten primär, lediglich bei einer Fraktur wurde eine neue operative Versorgung wegen Knochendislokation nach erneutem Sturz notwendig. 相似文献
53.
Matthias Guckenberger MD Juergen Meyer Juergen Wilbert Kurt Baier Otto Sauer Michael Flentje 《Strahlentherapie und Onkologie》2007,183(6):307-313
PURPOSE: To evaluate the precision of image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) using cone-beam computed tomography (CB-CT) for volume imaging and a robotic couch for correcting setup errors in six degrees of freedom. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 47 consecutive patients with 372 fractions were classified according to whether a patient fixation device was used (pat(fix): n = 28) or not (pat(non-fix): n = 19). Prior to treatment a CB-CT was acquired and translational and rotational setup errors were corrected online without an action level using a robotic couch (HexaPOD). A second CB-CT was acquired after the correction process and after treatment in 134 and 238 fractions, respectively. RESULTS: In 17 fractions (4.6%) rotational errors > 3 degrees exceeded the motion range of the HexaPOD. Errors (3D vector) after the correction process were significantly smaller for pat(fix) compared to pat(non-fix) (p < 0.001): 0.9 mm +/- 0.5 mm and 1.6 mm +/- 0.8 mm, respectively. For pat(non-fix) the correction of rotational errors resulted in displacements of the patients on the angled couch of 0.6 mm/1 degree. Intrafractional motion further decreased precision in pat(non-fix) but not in pat(fix). CONCLUSION: Very high precision in cranial and extracranial treatment of immobilized patients was demonstrated. Without application of adequate immobilization the correction of rotational errors and intrafractional patient motion significantly decreased the accuracy of the online correction protocol. 相似文献
54.
David G Witte Michael E Brune Sweta P Katwala Ivan Milicic Deanne Stolarik Yu-Hua Hui Kennan C Marsh James F Kerwin Michael D Meyer Arthur A Hancock 《The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics》2002,300(2):495-504
Fiduxosin is a new alpha(1)-adrenoceptor antagonist targeted for the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. The purpose of this study was to determine and compare the potencies of the alpha(1)-adrenoceptor antagonists terazosin, doxazosin, tamsulosin, and fiduxosin, based on relationships between plasma drug concentrations and blockade of phenylephrine (PE)-induced intraurethral (IUP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) responses after single oral dosing in conscious male beagle dogs. Magnitude of blockade and plasma concentrations were evaluated at selected time points over 24 h. All drugs produced dose-dependent antagonism of PE-induced IUP and MAP responses. When IUP and MAP blockade effects were plotted against drug plasma concentrations, direct relationships were observed that were well described by the sigmoidal maximal effect model. IUP IC(50) values for terazosin, doxazosin, tamsulosin, and fiduxosin were 48.6, 48.7, 0.42, and 261 ng/ml, respectively. MAP IC(50) values were 12.2, 13.8, 1.07, and 1904 ng/ml, respectively. Uroselectivity index values, defined as MAP IC(50)/IUP IC(50), were 0.25, 0.28, 2.6, and 7.3, respectively. These results extend previous observations with terazosin in this model, showing that doxazosin exhibits a uroselectivity index comparable to terazosin, consistent with the lack of alpha(1)-adrenoceptor subtype selectivity or uroselectivity of these drugs. Tamsulosin, an alpha(1a)-/alpha(1d)-subtype selective agent, had an index value approximately 10-fold greater than the nonselective drugs. Based on its pharmacokinetic profile and a relative uroselectivity 29-fold greater than the nonselective drugs, fiduxosin is expected to exhibit greater selectivity for urethral compared with vascular alpha(1)-adrenoceptors in human and should be a novel, long-acting, uroselective alpha(1)-adrenoceptor antagonist. 相似文献
55.
Human C-reactive protein increases cerebral infarct size after middle cerebral artery occlusion in adult rats. 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
Ramanjit Gill John A Kemp Caroline Sabin Mark B Pepys 《Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism》2004,24(11):1214-1218
Human C-reactive protein (CRP), the classic acute phase plasma protein, increases in concentration after myocardial infarction and stroke. Human CRP binds to ligands exposed in damaged tissue and can then activate complement and its proinflammatory functions. In contrast, rat CRP, which binds to similar ligands, does not activate complement. In the present study, systemic complement depletion with cobra venom factor in adult rats subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion did not affect cerebral infarct size, indicating that circulating complement does not contribute to injury in this model. However, we have previously reported that administration of human CRP to rats undergoing coronary artery ligation caused a marked increase in size of the resulting myocardial infarction, associated with codeposition of human CRP and rat complement in the infarcts. In the present study, we show that adult rats subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion and then treated with human CRP similarly developed significantly larger cerebral infarcts compared with control subjects receiving human serum albumin. Human CRP can thus contribute to ischemic tissue damage in the brain as well as in the heart, and inhibition of CRP binding may therefore be a promising target for tissue protective acute therapeutic intervention in stroke as well as in myocardial infarction. 相似文献
56.
57.
A comparison of the stressors experienced by parents of intubated and non-intubated children 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Caroline Haines BN RGN RSCN Christine Perger BHSc Sue Nagy RN BA FRCNA FCN 《Journal of advanced nursing》1995,21(2):350-355
When children are ill enough to require admission to paediatric intensive care, parents may become distressed about their child's medical condition and this distress may be compounded by the unfamiliar nature of the highly technological environment Parents of children who are sick enough to warrant intubation are particularly likely to be exposed to a frightening array of technological equipment Seventy-one parents of intubated and non-intubated children completed the Parental Stressor Scale Paediatnc Intensive Care Unit (PSS PICU) Overall the findings suggest that parents were most distressed (a) by the painful procedures to which their children were subjected, (b) by the sights and sounds of the intensive care unit and (c) by their children's reactions to intensive care The behaviour of staff towards parents and the way that staff communicated with them caused the least distress When the levels of stress reported by parents of intubated children were compared with those reported by parents of non-intubated children, different patterns of stress were found Painful procedures were a source of greater stress to parents of intubated children whereas the behaviour of staff and the children's reactions to the intensive care experience caused greater stress to the parents of the non-intubated children In general the findings suggest that the needs of parents of non-intubated children are being overlooked, with staff focusing more of their attention on the parents of intubated children 相似文献
58.
Effect of isoelectric point on biodistribution and inflammation imaging with indium-111-labelled IgG
Caroline I. ten Kate Alan J. Fischman Robert H. Rubin A. J. Fucello D. Riexinger Robert A. Wilkinson Lina Du Ban An Khaw H. William Strauss 《European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging》1990,17(6-8):305-309
Electrostatic effects play an important role in protein interactions and may alter the biodistribution of antibodies. To study the effect of molecular charge on the biodistribution and infection imaging properties of human polyclonal immunoglobulin G (IgG), its iso electric point was varied by changing the level of diethylene triamine penta-acetic acid (DTPA) substitution: 0.8, 0.9, 3.7, 5.1 and 5.9 DTPA/IgG. Biodistributions of the different IgG preparations were determined at 10 min, 1, 6, 24, and 48 h post injection in normal rats, and infection imaging properties were determined in rats withEscherichia coli thigh infections. The biodistribution was significantly affected by pl. The immunoglobulin preparations with 0.9 and 3.7 DTPA/IgG showed faster clearance from the circulation and generally lower accumulation in most organs. The images had a target-to-background ratio of approximately 1.3–2.3:1. These results suggest that even though targeting is not affected by the level of DTPA substitutions, preparations with 0.9 and 3.7 DTPA/IgG may be superior imaging agents because of reduced accumulation by background organs. 相似文献
59.
60.
To study interactions of head and eye during various motor tasks in a clinical environment, a recording system is needed which should be characterized by high precision and reliability. A computer-assisted optoelectronic method based on the SELSPOT system is described. All the equipment was specially designed for neuro-ophthalmologic purposes and fulfills the requirements. A range of programs was developed using several types of signal processing algorithms, allowing simultaneous one-dimensional and two-dimensional representation of motor acts of the head and eye, including separate analysis of slow and rapid movements. Thus, the method is suitable for analyzing physiologic and pathologic mechanisms of complex interactions. The quality of this novel SELSPOT application is demonstrated by recordings made during induced circular movements. 相似文献