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71.
Roberto Littera Fausto Zamboni Vincenzo Tondolo Giovanni Fantola Luchino Chessa Nicola Orrù Marco Sanna Donatella Valentini Luisella Cappai Marina Mulargia Giovanni Caocci Marcella Arras Andrea Floris Sandro Orrù Giorgio La Nasa Carlo Carcassi 《Human immunology》2013
Killer immunoglobulin-like receptors and their human leukocyte antigen class I ligands have a critical role in natural killer cell response to viral pathogens and tumors. 相似文献
72.
Patrizia Schifano Giovanna Cappai Manuela De Sario Paola Michelozzi Claudia Marino Anna Maria Bargagli Carlo A Perucci 《Environmental health : a global access science source》2009,8(1):50-14
Background
Few studies have identified specific factors that increase mortality during heat waves. This study investigated socio-demographic characteristics and pre-existing medical conditions as effect modifiers of the risk of dying during heat waves in a cohort of elderly residents in Rome. 相似文献73.
E Muresu A Pechmann E Manca M Cappai L M Demontis D Valca 《Quaderni Sclavo di diagnostica clinica e di laboratorio》1986,22(4):369-387
We report the results of a study carried out upon samples of urine from 19,021 patients in various departments of medical school in Sassari and in the hospitals of Alghero and Ozieri. The 34.7% of samples examined proved to be positive. Among these we isolated Escherichia coli (32%), Proteus spp. (24%), Staphylococcus (12%), Klebsiella-Enterobacter-Serratia (KES) spp. (9%), Pseudomonas spp. (5%). We found microbic associations in 11% of cases. We also studied the sensitivity of microorganisms to various chemoantibiotics, and the efficacy of therapy on 964 patients. In the various checks made, the results point out a persisting positivity (53%). E. coli strains show a major sensitivity to the various antibiotics (aminoglycosides, quinolones, cephalosporins, etc.); Proteus spp. and KES are less sensitive; Pseudomonas spp. strains are very resistant and respond mainly to norfloxacin and ceftazidime. 相似文献
74.
Glutathione (GSH) is an important antioxidant, and its depletion in neurons has been implicated in several neurodegenerative disorders. Aberrant copper metabolism is also implicated in neurodegeneration and may result in the generation of toxic free radicals. However, little is known about the relationship between GSH depletion and copper homeostasis. In the present study, we examined the role of extracellular trace biometals in neuronal cell death induced by GSH depletion. Treatment of primary cortical neurons with buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), an inhibitor of GSH synthesis, induced a rapid loss of intracellular GSH, leading to decreased neuronal cell viability. Neuronal cell death induced by GSH depletion was dependent on trace levels of extracellular copper in the culture medium (1.6 microM). Neurons were protected against GSH depletion-mediated toxicity when cultured in Chelex 100-treated medium containing tenfold less copper (0.16 microM) than normal medium. The addition of copper, but not iron or zinc, to Chelex 100-treated medium restored the neurotoxicity induced by GSH depletion. Moreover, BSO toxicity in normal medium was inhibited by copper chelators. The neurotoxic effects of copper in GSH-depleted neurons involved generation of copper(I) and subsequent free radical-mediated oxidative stress. These studies demonstrate a critical role for extracellular trace copper in neuronal cell death caused by GSH depletion and may have important implications for the understanding of toxic processes in neurodegenerative diseases. 相似文献
75.
Paratuberculosis, or Johne's disease, is a disease of domestic and wild ruminants that culminate with a chronic enteritis caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. The aim of this work was to evaluate the type of immune response, Th1 or Th2, induced by DNA vaccinations in lambs of Sarda breed. Twenty-five lambs, serum negative for M. paratuberculosis, were selected at birth from equally serum negative mothers. The lambs were inoculated at 5 months of age with three different mycobacterial antigens cloned into a mammalian expression vector as fusion protein with the enhanced green fluorescent protein (pEGFP-N1). The animals were divided in five groups containing each five lambs. Each group was vaccinated as following (A: physiological solution; B: Gudair; C: p-85A-Mav; D: p-85A-BCG; E: p-Hsp65). Immune response was evaluated by measuring the expression of INF-gamma (Th1 type response) and IL-10 (Th2 type response) by real-time PCR. Gene expression was estimated by comparing the results with that of beta-actin. INF-gamma expression level was increased in lambs vaccinated with plasmids codifying mycobacterial antigens, in particular with p-Hsp65, in comparison with the controls suggesting stimulation of a Th1 immune response similar to that supported by natural infection of M. paratuberculosis. Moreover, animals were infected orally with live M. paratuberculosis. Three months after vaccination and again INF-gamma and IL-10 expression was evaluated in order to verify in vivo the protection level of the vaccines. Plasmids p-85A-BCG and p-Hsp65 seem to elicit a stronger protective immune response against M. paratuberculosis by evaluating the expression level of INF-gamma and evaluating the presence of M. paratuberculosis and animal cell organ damage post-mortem. 相似文献
76.
77.
Milia S Lai S Valentini T Testi M Cappai L Moscetti A Mariani M Alba F Carcassi C 《Tissue antigens》2005,66(1):69-71
High-resolution polymerase chain reaction sequence-specific primer typing of the human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB1 gene of an Italian patient candidate for bone marrow transplantation revealed a new allelic variant of HLA-DRB1*13. The sequence was named DRB1*1366, and comparison with previously described DRB1 alleles demonstrated the two closely related sequences were HLA-DRB1*1330 and HLA-DRB1*130302. 相似文献
78.
In the present review, we shall discuss the pros and cons of a possible functional relationship and contribution of the APP family members (APP, APLP1 and APLP2) to the development of Alzheimer's disease: (1) APP, APLP1 and APLP2 are highly homologous proteins with similar protein domain organization. (2) All APP family proteins have been found to be aggregated in typical Alzheimer's disease lesions. (3) Several other proteins have been implied to provide a functional link among the APP-related proteins. In normal adult brain APP, APLP1 and APLP2 are involved in synaptic processes important for memory function. We hypothesize that the functional loss of members of the APP family contributes to the gradual cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease patients. 相似文献
79.
Alberto Laddomada Sandro Rolesu Federica Loi Stefano Cappai Annalisa Oggiano Maria Paola Madrau Maria Luisa Sanna Giovannantonio Pilo Ennio Bandino Diego Brundu Simonetta Cherchi Sergio Masala Daniela Marongiu Giuseppe Bitti Pietro Desini Vincenzo Floris Luigi Mundula Giovanni Carboni Marco Pittau Francesco Feliziani Jos Manuel Sanchez‐Vizcaino Cristina Jurado Vittorio Guberti Michele Chessa Marco Muzzeddu Daniela Sardo Silvio Borrello Daniela Mulas Gianni Salis Paola Zinzula Sebastiano Piredda Alessandro De Martini Francesco Sgarangella 《Transboundary and Emerging Diseases》2019,66(3):1114-1119
African swine fever (ASF) is a notifiable infectious disease, caused by the ASF virus (ASFV), which is a DNA virus belonging to the family Asfarviridae, genus Asfivirus. This disease has gained importance in the last decade after its spread in several countries in Eastern and Central Europe, and more recently, in China. Despite the efforts made to eradicate it, ASF is still present on the Mediterranean island of Sardinia (Italy) and has been since 1978. ASF risk factors on the island have been analysed in previous studies; the role of free‐ranging pigs in virus persistence has been suggested, but has not been fully elucidated. The most recent eradication plan provides more stringent measures to combat free‐ranging pigs and any kind of illegality in the pig sector. From December 2017 to June 2018, a total of 29 depopulation actions were performed in 13 municipalities in central Sardinia, during which 2,281 free‐ranging pigs were culled and more than 50% of them were tested for ASFV and antibody presence (1,218 and 1,416, respectively). A total of 651 pigs were seropositive, with a mean seroprevalence of 53.4% (CI 95% = 50.6–56.3), and 38 were ASFV positive (virus prevalence = 2.6%; CI 95% = 2.1–3.0). To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to provide a complete evaluation of this millennial system of pig farming and ASFV prevalence in free‐ranging pigs. Furthermore, it has emphasised the necessity of combining the maintenance of an epidemiological surveillance program with continuous education of farmers and other people involved in pig husbandry, based on cultural and economic aspects. 相似文献
80.
Federica Loi Daria Di Sabatino Ileana Baldi Sandro Rolesu Vincenzo Gervasi Vittorio Guberti Stefano Cappai 《Viruses》2022,14(10)
After fifty years of spread in the European continent, the African swine fever (ASF) virus was detected for the first time in the north of Italy (Piedmont) in a wild boar carcass in December, 2021. During the first six months of the epidemic, the central role of wild boars in disease transmission was confirmed by more than 200 outbreaks, which occurred in two different areas declared as infected. The virus entered a domestic pig farm in the second temporal cluster identified in the center of the country (Lazio). Understanding ASF dynamics in wild boars is a prerequisite for preventing the spread, and for designing and applying effective surveillance and control plans. The aim of this work was to describe and evaluate the data collected during the first six months of the ASF epidemic in Italy, and to estimate the basic reproduction number (R0) in order to quantify the extent of disease spread. The R0 estimates were significantly different for the two spatio-temporal clusters of ASF in Italy, and they identified the two infected areas based on the time necessary for the number of cases to double (td) and on an exponential decay model. These results (R0 = 1.41 in Piedmont and 1.66 in Lazio) provide quantitative knowledge on the epidemiology of ASF in Italy. These parameters could represent a fundamental tool for modeling country-specific ASF transmission and for monitoring both the spread and sampling effort needed to detect the disease early. 相似文献