复合式与常规小梁切除术后浅前房的对比分析

目的:对比分析复合式与常规小梁切除术后浅前房的发生情况。方法:青光眼56例(71眼)分为2组。复合式手术组(A组)29例(36眼)行复合式小梁切除术;对照组(B组)27例(35眼)行常规小梁切除术。观察两组术后浅前房的发生情况,并作统计学分析。结果:A组术后浅前房发生率为14%(5眼),B组为37%(13眼),两者差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.07,P<0.05)。结论:复合式小梁切除术较传统的小梁切除术能较迅速恢复和维持术后前房深度,有效减少术后浅前房发生,提高手术成功率。     

四种补肾中药对去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松骨形态的作用

目的 比较骨碎补、锁阳、淫羊藿和狗脊４种补肾中药对去卵巢（ＯＶＸ）大鼠骨质疏松的作用。方法 将５４只３月龄雌性Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠随机分成模型组和中药治疗组。模型组包括非手术组、假手术组和去卵巢组,每组１０只;中药组包括骨碎补组、锁阳组、淫羊藿组和狗脊组,每组６只。去卵巢手术后１周,中药组分别用上述４种中药喂养,８周后放血外死全部小鼠,用骨形态主坦学方法比较４种中药对ＯＶＸ大鼠骨质疏松的防治作用。结果     

Intimate partner violence (IPV) and preeclampsia among Peruvian women

OBJECTIVE: Mounting evidence supports the view that intimate partner violence (IPV) is an important cause of maternal mortality. Some, but not all, prior studies suggest that IPV is associated with increased risks of maternal medical conditions such as hypertensive disorders of pregnancy which are leading causes of maternal mortality worldwide. We assessed the relation between IPV and risk of preeclampsia among Peruvian women. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a case-control study at two large hospitals in Lima, Peru. Preeclampsia cases were 339 women with pregnancy-induced hypertension and proteinuria (i.e., preeclampsia). Controls were 337 normotensive women. Information concerning women's exposure to physical and emotional violence during pregnancy was collected during in-person interviews conducted after delivery and while patients were in hospital. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated from logistic regression models. RESULTS: The prevalence of IPV was 43.1% among cases and 24.3% among controls. Compared with those reporting never exposure to IPV during pregnancy, women reporting any exposure had a 2.4-fold increased risk of preeclampsia (OR=2.4; 95% CI: 1.7-3.3). The association was strengthened slightly after adjusting for maternal age, parity and pre-pregnancy adiposity (OR=2.7; 95% CI: 1.9-3.9). Emotional abuse in the absence of physical violence was associated with a 3.2-fold (95% CI: 2.1-4.9) increased risk of preeclampsia. Emotional and physical abuse during pregnancy was associated with a 1.9-fold increased risk of preeclampsia (95% CI: 1.1-3.5). CONCLUSIONS: IPV among pregnant women is common and is associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia. These data support recent calls for coordinated global health efforts to prevent violence against women.     

CA153与CEA在三阴乳腺癌及非三阴乳腺癌预后中的比较分析

目的 探讨血清CA153与CEA在三阴乳腺癌及非三阴乳腺癌中表达水平的差异,并分析血清中CA153与CEA水平差异与患者预后情况的关系.方法 选取2005年1月至2012年6月经临床病理学确诊的三阴乳腺癌患者120例(三阴组)及非三阴乳腺癌患者575例(非三阴组),采用电化学发光法检测两组患者血清CA153、CEA含量,并分析这两种肿瘤标志物水平变化与患者总生存期、无进展生存期的关系.结果 三阴组患者血清CA153含量为(47.06±45.63) U/ml,明显高于非三阴组患者的(30.38±28.57) U/ml,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),而三阴组的CEA含量为(10.11±9.54) ng/ml,高于非三阴组的(7.03±6.87) ng/ml(P＜0.05).5年内生存分析结果表明,血清CA153＜47.06 U/ml,CEA＜10.11 ng/ml的三阴组患者和血清＜30.38 U/ml,CEA＜ 7.03 ng/ml非三阴组患者存在明显的无疾病进展时间和生存优势,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 血清CA153与CEA可作为三阴乳腺癌及非三阴乳腺癌患者预后情况的预测指标之一.     

噻托溴铵治疗稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病的疗效评价

噻托溴铵是新一代治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的吸入型长效抗胆碱药物,通过选择性作用于M1和M3受体,扩张支气管,疗效持续,每天只需使用一次.UPLIFT研究结果进一步证实,长期规律使用噻托溴铵能够改善中重度、极重度稳定期COPD患者肺功能情况,缓解症状、提高运动耐量及改善生活质量,延长急性发作的时间间隔、减少急性加重发作次数,降低COPD患者死亡率,具有良好的安全性.     

抑郁障碍患者楔前叶功能连接与抗抑郁药物早期疗效的相关性

背景 默认网络内楔前叶功能活动与抗抑郁药物的疗效有关。然而,楔前叶功能网络与抗抑郁药物早期疗效的关系仍不清楚。 目的 探索抑郁障碍患者楔前叶功能连接（FC）与抗抑郁药物早期疗效的关系,以期寻找预测抗抑郁药物早期疗效的神经生物标志物。 方法 连续纳入2017年7月—2019年2月在四川大学华西医院心理卫生中心就诊的、符合《精神障碍诊断与统计手册（第5版）》（DSM-5）诊断标准的47例抑郁障碍患者。采集患者基线期静息态功能磁共振（rs-fMRI）数据及临床信息。患者接受2周抗抑郁药物治疗,根据治疗2周时16项抑郁症状快速自评量表（QIDS-SR16）评分减分率是否≥20%,将患者分为早期改善组（ n=27）和未改善组（ n=20）。以双侧楔前叶为种子点,计算楔前叶与全脑FC值,比较两组基线期楔前叶FC的差异。采用Pearson相关分析考查差异有统计学意义的脑区的FC值与QIDS-SR16评分及其减分率之间的相关性。 结果 早期改善组左侧楔前叶与左侧中央前回的FC值、右侧楔前叶与右侧梭状回的FC值均高于未改善组（GRF校正, P<0.01）。抑郁障碍患者左侧楔前叶与左侧中央前回的FC值、右侧楔前叶与右侧梭状回的FC值与QIDS-SR16总评分减分率均呈正相关（ r=0.475、0.297, P均<0.05）。 结论 基线期较低的左侧楔前叶与左侧中央前回、右侧楔前叶与右侧梭状回的FC与较差的抗抑郁药物早期疗效有关,楔前叶FC可能是预测抗抑郁药物早期疗效的潜在指标。     

GOS Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Induced by High Fat and High Sugar Diet through Lipid Metabolism and Intestinal Microbes

The treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains very challenging. This study investigated the therapeutic effect of galactose oligosaccharide (GOS), an important prebiotic, on NAFLD through in vivo and in vitro experiments and preliminarily explored the mechanism by which GOS improves liver lipid metabolism and inflammation through liver and intestinal microbiological analysis. The results of mouse liver lipidomics showed that GOS could promote body thermogenesis in mice with high-fat and high-sugar diet (HFHSD)-induced NAFLD, regulate lipolysis in liver fat cells, and accelerate glycine and cholesterol metabolism. GOS dose-dependently reduced the contents of total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) in cells and reduced the accumulation of lipid droplets in cells. GOS also reduced the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and altered the composition of the intestinal microbiota in mice fed a HFHSD. GOS can improve liver lipid metabolism and intestinal structure of NAFLD. These results provide a theoretical and experimental basis supporting the use of GOS as a health food with anti-NAFLD functions.     

黄体酮对离体豚鼠呼吸道平滑肌的作用

黄体酮能明显抑制由乙酰胆碱、组织胺和5—羟色胺所致的离体豚鼠气管、肺条平滑肌的收缩反应,对由5—羟色胺诱发的气管平滑肌依内钙释放引起的！相收缩有非常显著的抑制作用,并能抑制致敏豚鼠气管平滑肌schultZ—Dale反应.关键词黄体酮,维拉帕米,慢反应物质,呼吸道平滑肌     

Verification of five pharmacogenomics-based warfarin administration models

Objective:This study aims to screen and validate five individual warfarin dosing models (four Asian model algorithms, namely, Ohno, Wen, Miao, Huang, and the algorithm of International Warfarin Pharmacogenetic Consortium, namely IWPC algorithm) with the aim of evaluating their accuracy, practicality, and safety.Results:The prediction accuracies of the Huang and Wen models were the highest. In terms of clinical practicality, the Huang model rated the highest for the low-dose group, whereas the Ohno and IWPC models rated the highest for the middle-dose group. The models tended to markedly overpredict the doses in the low-dose group, especially the IWPC model. The Miao model tended to severely underpredict the doses in the middle-dose group, whereas no model exhibited severe overprediction.Conclusions:Since none of the models ranked high for all the three criteria considered, the impact of various factors should be thoroughly considered before selecting the most appropriate model for the region''s population.KEY WORDS: Mechanical heart valve replacement, model, pharmacogenomics, verification, warfarin