Is there an association between anxiety/depression and temporomandibular disorders in college students?

Objective

Considering the high incidence of Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) in the population aged 15-30 years and the fact that students are exposed to stressful psychosocial factors, the purposes of this study were: to verify clinical symptoms and jaw functionality in college students with TMD according to the anxiety/depression (A/D) level and to evaluate the correlation between A/D and functionality, maximum mouth opening (MMO) and pain and muscle activity.

Material and Methods

Nineteen students with TMD diagnosed according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders underwent two assessments during an academic semester. The evaluations were based on questionnaires (MFIQ - Mandibular Function Impairment Questionnaire; HADS - Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), clinical measurements (MMO without pain, MMO and assisted MMO; palpation of joint and masticatory muscles), and electromyography. The HADS scores obtained in the two assessments were used to classify all data as either "high" or "low" A/D. Data normality, differences and correlations were tested with the Shapiro-Wilk test, Student''s t-test (or the Wilcoxon test), and Spearman test, respectively. The alpha level was set at 0.05.

Results

None of the clinical variables were significantly different when comparing low and high A/D data. In low A/D there was a significant correlation between HADS score and: MFIQ (P=0.005, r=0.61), and MMO without pain (P=0.01, r=-0.55).

Conclusions

Variation in A/D level did not change clinical symptoms or jaw functionality in college students with TMD. Apparently, there is a correlation between TMJ functionality and A/D level, which should be further investigated, taking into account the source of the TMD and including subjects with greater functional limitation.     

培养心肌细胞牵张刺激装置的建立及应用

1　方法　牵张刺激装置的制作如模式图 1.制作实验模型采用材料为有机玻璃板、2 4孔培养板、硅胶膜 (厚度 0 .2 2 μｍ) .硅胶膜从平面圆形变为球形时 ,面积扩大的百分比 =(Ｓ球 -Ｓ园 ) /Ｓ园 ,其中Ｓ球 =ＡＤ2 ,Ｓ园 =ｒ2 ,而ＡＤ2 =ｈ2 +ｒ2 ,其中ｒ为孔的半径 ,ｈ为膜升高的高度图 2 .通过控制ｈ的大小 ,可控制膜被牵拉的强度 .本实验采用使膜面积扩大 2 0 %的强度 ,故ｈ =4ｍｍ[1] .参照Ｋａｓｓｉｒｉ等[2 ,3 ] 方法进行心肌细胞的分离培养 .生长有贴壁心肌细胞的 2 4孔板被固定于牵张装置 ,缓慢充气使硅胶膜向上凸起 4ｍｍ ,分别维持…     

Recurrent chest pain as the presenting manifestation of spinal meningioma

We report the case of a 9-year-old boy with a spinal cord meningioma whose only manifestations were recurrent episodes of chest pain lasting for 2 years. This case shows that spinal cord meningioma should be considered among the possible causative factors of chronic chest pain in childhood. Chest pain, meningioma, spinal tumors     

Comparison of membrane proteins of Burkitt's lymphoma and EBV-transformed B lymphoblast cell lines and of Con A-activated T lymphocytes and T lymphoblast cell lines.

The aim of this study was to examine the heterogeneity of membrane proteins of several B and T lymphoblast cell lines and activated normal T lymphocytes using SDS gel electrophoresis of [³⁵S]methionine metabolically labeled cells. In part, we hoped to test the hypothesis that human lymphocytic malignancies are “frozen” representatives of various stages in the differentiation paths of normal lymphoid cells. The membrane protein patterns of Burkitt's lymphoma cell lines were very similar to each other and to those of EBV-transformed B lymphoblastoid cell lines from healthy persons. The American Burkitt's lymphoma cell line Ramos lacked p29, 34 (HLA-DR) antigen, as was confirmed with immunoprecipitation studies of this complex and of p44, 12 (HLA-A, and -B antigens and β₂-microglobulin) from each of the cell lines. Heterogeneity in the electrophoretic mobility of HLA-DR antigen was apparent, reflecting size or charge variations. Small degrees of membrane protein heterogeneity among the T lymphoblast cultured cell lines was also evident. Proteins of mol. wt 90,000, 75,000, 18,000 and 16,000 were more heavily labeled on some cell lines than on others. This heterogeneity is consistent with the hypothesis that these tumors might be derived from cells of varying maturational stages or from different subsets of T lymphocytes. In contrast to the T lymphoblast lines, Con A-activated T lymphocytes on each successive day of stimulation expressed dramatically different membrane proteins. Proteins of mol. wt 30,000 and 36,000 were found on day 2 cells; mol. wt 55,000 proteins were dominant on days 1, 2 and 3; a group of proteins of mol. wt about 120,000 was present on cells surviving a lytic process on day 4. Although many proteins were shared between Con A blasts and cultured T cell lines, the absence from the cultured lines of proteins which were dominantly synthesized by mitogen-activated lymphoblasts was consistent with the view that long-term cultured lymphoblasts represent a more primitive, undifferentiated, immature T-cell population, while the changes seen with Con A activation represent metabolically controlled changes consequent to activation of one or more subsets of mature T cells. While many proteins were shared among membrane proteins of T lymphoid tumors and mitogen-activated, normal T lymphocytes, the differences were so striking that simple parallelisms between these lymphoid tumors and activated sets of normal lymphocytes could not be proposed.     

Correction of Lower Limb Deformities Using Ilizarov's Technique

Background

India accounts for approximately 10 million orthopaedically handicapped children and adults with limb deformity. Ilizarov ring fixator could treat most of these deformities.

Methods

Twenty cases of deformities of lower limb managed with Ilizarov technique during period between March 2001 and February 2003 were studied.

Results

55% were in the age group of 11-30 years. Out of the 20 cases studied, 6 were congenital talipes equino varus, 8 were fixed flexion deformity of knee, 4 were equines deformity of the ankle and 2 were malunited fracture shaft of tibia.4 patients who had recurrence were operated for fixed flexion deformity of the knee. The main complication encountered was pin tract infection, which was seen in 15(75%) cases. In 16(80%) cases, the results were excellent with no recurrence of deformity and patients were able to walk independently. In 4 (20%) cases, recurrence was mild to moderate (10 to 20) but all of them were able to ambulate idependently and carry out their routine activities.

Conclusion

Ilizarov ring fixator is a superior compared to conventional methods for correction of deformities of lower limb.Key Words: Ilizarov method, Ligamentotaxis, Distraction     

Complex Pediatric Elbow Injury: An Uncommon Case

Background  

There is paucity of literature describing complex elbow trauma in the pediatric population. We described a case of an uncommon pediatric elbow injury comprised of lateral condyle fracture associated with posterolateral dislocation of elbow.