全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2609篇 |
免费 | 152篇 |
国内免费 | 18篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 26篇 |
儿科学 | 133篇 |
妇产科学 | 24篇 |
基础医学 | 309篇 |
口腔科学 | 8篇 |
临床医学 | 194篇 |
内科学 | 784篇 |
皮肤病学 | 15篇 |
神经病学 | 217篇 |
特种医学 | 41篇 |
外国民族医学 | 2篇 |
外科学 | 428篇 |
综合类 | 3篇 |
预防医学 | 108篇 |
眼科学 | 196篇 |
药学 | 169篇 |
中国医学 | 1篇 |
肿瘤学 | 121篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 20篇 |
2021年 | 44篇 |
2020年 | 23篇 |
2019年 | 44篇 |
2018年 | 65篇 |
2017年 | 38篇 |
2016年 | 28篇 |
2015年 | 25篇 |
2014年 | 51篇 |
2013年 | 93篇 |
2012年 | 113篇 |
2011年 | 118篇 |
2010年 | 74篇 |
2009年 | 67篇 |
2008年 | 112篇 |
2007年 | 156篇 |
2006年 | 150篇 |
2005年 | 135篇 |
2004年 | 109篇 |
2003年 | 101篇 |
2002年 | 117篇 |
2001年 | 95篇 |
2000年 | 114篇 |
1999年 | 91篇 |
1998年 | 30篇 |
1997年 | 17篇 |
1996年 | 23篇 |
1995年 | 15篇 |
1994年 | 14篇 |
1992年 | 59篇 |
1991年 | 42篇 |
1990年 | 51篇 |
1989年 | 55篇 |
1988年 | 29篇 |
1987年 | 49篇 |
1986年 | 46篇 |
1985年 | 35篇 |
1984年 | 26篇 |
1983年 | 22篇 |
1979年 | 18篇 |
1975年 | 21篇 |
1974年 | 21篇 |
1973年 | 12篇 |
1972年 | 15篇 |
1971年 | 13篇 |
1970年 | 21篇 |
1969年 | 16篇 |
1967年 | 16篇 |
1966年 | 18篇 |
1965年 | 21篇 |
排序方式: 共有2779条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
Fraisse A Massih TA Kreitmann B Metras D Vouhé P Sidi D Bonnet D 《Journal of the American College of Cardiology》2003,42(11):1988-1993
OBJECTIVES: We sought to highlight the clinical, morphologic, and pathogenetic features in patients with a cleft mitral valve (MV). BACKGROUND: Few studies have addressed the morphologic features of cleft MV and the outcome of these patients. The pathogenetic features, including the developmental relation to an atrioventricular (AV) septal defect, remain unclear. METHODS: We reviewed the patients with cleft MV that were diagnosed by echocardiography since 1980. Patients with an AV canal, ventriculo-arterial discordance, and hypoplastic ventricles were excluded. RESULTS: Twenty-two patients were identified at a median age of 0.5 years (range 0 to 10.6). In three patients, no chordal attachments of the cleft to the ventricular septum were seen. Ten patients had significant mitral regurgitation (MR), and three had subaortic obstruction by the cleft. Associated cardiac lesions and extracardiac features were present in 13 and 10 patients, respectively. During the median follow-up period of 1.5 years (range 0 to 11.8), two patients died of extracardiac causes, and one neonate died of severe subaortic obstruction. Surgical repair was performed in 10 patients at a median age of 5.2 years (range 1.3 to 10.6). Multivariate analysis showed no predictors for MV surgery. One patient was re-operated for mitral stenosis associated with aortic valve stenosis. Follow-up echocardiography demonstrated moderate MR in two unoperated patients and moderate MV stenosis in two operated patients. CONCLUSIONS: A cleft of the MV comprises a wide spectrum. Important morphologic differences exist with an AV septal defect, although the two lesions may be pathogenetically related. Surgical repair always seems possible. Long-term echocardiographic follow-up is warranted. 相似文献
62.
Allez M Lemann M Bonnet J Cattan P Jian R Modigliani R 《The American journal of gastroenterology》2002,97(4):947-953
OBJECTIVE: Prediction of the clinical course of Crohn's disease (CD) is difficult in the long term. Our aim was to determine whether the presence of severe endoscopic lesions (SELs) may predict a higher risk of colectomy and penetrating complications. METHODS: All patients at our institution with active ileocoIonic CD who had colonoscopies between 1990 and 1996 were included in the study. SELs were defined as extensive and deep ulcerations covering more than 10% of the mucosal area of at least one segment of the colon. RESULTS: Among the 102 patients included, 53 had SELs at index colonoscopy. During the follow-up (median = 52 months), 37 patients underwent colonic resection. Probabilities of colectomy at 1, 3, and 8 yr were 20%, 26%, and 42%. Risk of colectomy was independently affected by the presence of SELs at index colonoscopy (relative risk [RR] = 5.43, 95% CI = 2.64-11.18), a Crohn's Disease Activity Index level greater than 288 (RR = 2.21, 95% CI = 1.09-4.47), and the absence of immunosuppressive therapy during the follow-up (RR = 2.44, 95% CI = 1.20-5.00). Probabilities of colectomy were, respectively, 31% and 6% at 1 yr, 42% and 8% at 3 yr, and 62% and 18% at 8 yr in patients with and without SELs. We performed a second analysis excluding the 14 patients operated on within the 3 months after the index colonoscopy: presence of SELs remained the only significant factor predictive of colectomy (RR = 6.72, 95% CI = 2.26-20.03). All six patients with penetrating complications during the follow-up had SELs at index colonoscopy. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with CD exhibiting deep and extensive ulcerations at colonoscopy have a more aggressive clinical course with an increased rate of penetrating complications and surgery. 相似文献
63.
Devika Nair Kemberlee Bonnet Marcus G. Wild Ebele M. Umeukeje Rachel B. Fissell Marquetta L. Faulkner Nader S. Bahri Marino A. Bruce David G. Schlundt Kenneth A. Wallston Kerri L. Cavanaugh 《Journal of pain and symptom management》2021,61(1):32-41.e2
ContextPsychological distress is associated with adverse health outcomes in serious illness and magnified among patients of low socioeconomic status. Aspects of one's culture, such as religion and spirituality, can influence these patients' coping response to distress. Advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious illness that disproportionately affects patients of low socioeconomic status, but a theory-based understanding of this group's lived experience of CKD is lacking.ObjectivesWe explored the cognitions, emotions, and coping behaviors of patients with CKD with emphasis on those of low socioeconomic status. We further inquired into any influences of religion or spirituality.MethodsWe interviewed 50 English-speaking or Spanish-speaking adults with advanced CKD from three medical centers in Nashville, Tennessee. Analyses occurred with isolation of themes; development of a coding system; and creation of a conceptual framework using an inductive-deductive approach.ResultsMedian age was 65 years; median annual income was $17,500 per year; and 48% of participants had not progressed beyond high school. Key beliefs (awareness of mortality and lack of control) influenced patients' emotions (existential distress in the form of death anxiety, prognostic uncertainty, and hopelessness) and coping behaviors (acceptance, avoidance, emotion regulation via spirituality, and seeking social support via a religious community).ConclusionIndividuals with advanced CKD and low socioeconomic status lack control over disease progression, experience death anxiety and existential distress, and emphasize spirituality to cope. Our study identifies novel components for a psychotherapeutic intervention for patients with advanced CKD at high risk for adverse health outcomes. 相似文献
64.
Andrea L. Frump Marjorie Albrecht Bakhtiyor Yakubov Sandra Breuils-Bonnet Valrie Nadeau Eve Tremblay Francois Potus Junichi Omura Todd Cook Amanda Fisher Brooke Rodriguez R. Dale Brown Kurt R. Stenmark C. Dustin Rubinstein Kathy Krentz Diana M. Tabima Rongbo Li Xin Sun Naomi C. Chesler Steeve Provencher Sebastien Bonnet Tim Lahm 《The Journal of clinical investigation》2021,131(6)
Women with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) exhibit better right ventricular (RV) function and survival than men; however, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. We hypothesized that 17β-estradiol (E2), through estrogen receptor α (ER-α), attenuates PAH-induced RV failure (RVF) by upregulating the procontractile and prosurvival peptide apelin via a BMPR2-dependent mechanism. We found that ER-α and apelin expression were decreased in RV homogenates from patients with RVF and from rats with maladaptive (but not adaptive) RV remodeling. RV cardiomyocyte apelin abundance increased in vivo or in vitro after treatment with E2 or ER-α agonist. Studies employing ER-α–null or ER-β–null mice, ER-α loss-of-function mutant rats, or siRNA demonstrated that ER-α is necessary for E2 to upregulate RV apelin. E2 and ER-α increased BMPR2 in pulmonary hypertension RVs and in isolated RV cardiomyocytes, associated with ER-α binding to the Bmpr2 promoter. BMPR2 is required for E2-mediated increases in apelin abundance, and both BMPR2 and apelin are necessary for E2 to exert RV-protective effects. E2 or ER-α agonist rescued monocrotaline pulmonary hypertension and restored RV apelin and BMPR2. We identified what we believe to be a novel cardioprotective E2/ER-α/BMPR2/apelin axis in the RV. Harnessing this axis may lead to novel RV-targeted therapies for PAH patients of either sex. 相似文献
65.
Ravel Jean-Marie Benkirane Mehdi Calmels Nadège Marelli Cecilia Ory-Magne Fabienne Ewenczyk Claire Halleb Yosra Tison François Lecocq Claire Pische Guillaume Casenave Philippe Chaussenot Annabelle Frismand Solène Tyvaert Louise Larrieu Lise Pointaux Morgane Drouot Nathalie Bossenmeyer-Pourié Carine Oussalah Abderrahim Guéant Jean-Louis Leheup Bruno Bonnet Céline Anheim Mathieu Tranchant Christine Lambert Laëtitia Chelly Jamel Koenig Michel Renaud Mathilde 《Journal of neurology》2021,268(5):1927-1937
Journal of Neurology - STUB1 has been first associated with autosomal recessive (SCAR16, MIM# 615768) and later with dominant forms of ataxia (SCA48, MIM# 618093). Pathogenic variations in STUB1... 相似文献
66.
Thomas Klopstock MD Aleksandar Videnovic MD Almut Turid Bischoff MD Cecilia Bonnet MD Laura Cif MD Cynthia Comella MD Marta Correa-Vela MD Maria L. Escolar MD Jamie L. Fraser MD Victoria Gonzalez MD Neal Hermanowicz MD Robert Jech MD Hyder A. Jinnah MD Tomasz Kmiec MD Anthony Lang MD Maria J. Martí MD Saadet Mercimek-Andrews MD Migvis Monduy MD Graeme A.M. Nimmo MBBS Belen Perez-Dueñas MD Helle Cecilie Viekilde Pfeiffer MD Lluis Planellas MD Emmanuel Roze MD Nivedita Thakur MD Laura Tochen MD Nora Vanegas-Arroyave MD Giovanna Zorzi MD Colleen Burns PhD Feriandas Greblikas MD 《Movement disorders》2021,36(6):1342-1352
67.
Lucile Houyel Laurence Cohen Patrick Burlot Anne Heitzmann Damien Bonnet 《Journal of anatomy》2021,238(5):1255-1258
Anomalous connection of the inferior caval vein to the left atrium is exceedingly rare, and has even been considered by some authors an anatomic and embryologic impossibility. This study demonstrates for the first time the existence of this rare malformation, diagnosed on prenatal echo, and confirmed on post-mortem examination in a 24 WG fetus, in association with a common arterial trunk. 相似文献
68.
69.
Condat B Bonnet J Hauuy MP Collot V Charlier A Dugue L Ngo Y Maftouh A Diche T Bandin O Guigui B Asli B Blazquez M 《Gastroentérologie clinique et biologique》2003,27(12):1157-1159
We report a case of hepatitis C virus infection in association with primary hepatic large B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Primary hepatic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is a rare disease. Association of hepatitis C virus infection with primary hepatic B-cell non-hodgkin's lymphoma is probably not fortuitous. Indeed, in case of primary hepatic non-hodgkin's lymphoma' patients are often hepatitis C virus positive. Moreover, several studies have reported a high prevalence of chronic hepatitis C virus infection among patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma whatever the localization of the lymphoma. A recent study found a high rate of remission of a splenic form of lymphoma after treatment of hepatitis C virus infection. Our case report confirms the hypothesis of a key role of hepatitis C virus in the pathogenesis of various forms of B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders and in particular in primary hepatic lymphoma. 相似文献
70.
Pulmonary balloon valvuloplasty in the palliation of complex cyanotic congenital heart disease. 下载免费PDF全文
O. Stümper J. F. Pichaud P. Bonhoeffer D. Bonnet Y. Aggoun D. Sidi J. Kachaner 《Heart (British Cardiac Society)》1996,76(4):363-366
OBJECTIVE: To assess the value of pulmonary balloon valvuloplasty in the interim palliation of complex congenital heart disease and pulmonary stenosis in children, who often require numerous palliative operations before definitive surgical repair. METHODS: Evaluation of pulmonary balloon valvuloplasty procedures performed over a five year period in 18 patients (age 8 days--29 years; mean 5.5 years) with complex cyanotic congenital heart disease. RESULTS: After pulmonary balloon valvuloplasty oxygen saturation increased from a mean (SD) of 69 (7.5)% to 83 (7.0)% (P < 0.001). Mean pulmonary artery pressure increased from a mean (SD) of 11.3 (3.8) mm Hg to 15.7 (3.9) mm Hg (P < 0.001). Transient complete atrioventricular block occurred in one patient. No other complications were encountered. In 5 patients (28%) there was an inadequate improvement in cyanosis compared with pre-procedure values (72 (4.7)% v 66 (8.1)%). Reasons for failure were increasing infundibular stenosis in three and inadequate mixing in one child. In 13 patients (72%) pulmonary balloon valvuloplasty gave adequate interim palliation over a mean follow up of 1.1 (1.3) years. Oxygen saturation was 81 (5.6)% at last follow up compared with 70 (7.3)% before pulmonary balloon valvuloplasty (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Pulmonary balloon valvuloplasty is a safe and effective technique in the palliation of patients with complex cyanotic congenital heart disease associated with pulmonary valve stenosis. 相似文献