术前经动脉灌注化疗对晚期乳腺癌细胞凋亡的影响

目的 :探讨术前动脉灌注化疗诱导乳腺癌细胞凋亡发生情况及其对患者预后的影响。方法 :分别采用TUNEL法检测及电镜观察术前动脉灌注化疗 40例和术前未化疗的 42例晚期乳腺癌细胞凋亡发生情况 ,计算凋亡发生率及凋亡指数 ,并进行对比分析。结果 :术前动脉灌注化疗组与术前未化疗组凋亡发生率分别为 92 5 %和 78 5 % ,凋亡指数分别为 19 37± 6 49和 9 2 6± 5 0 4(P <0 0 1)。凋亡指数高低与局部晚期乳腺癌的无病生存率相关 (P <0 0 1)。结论 :局部晚期乳腺癌术前动脉灌注化疗可诱导乳腺癌细胞的凋亡 ,提高患者无病生存率。     

Centralized isolation of Helicobacter pylori from multiple centers and transport condition influences

AIM:To evaluate the efficacy of centralized culture and possible influencing factors.METHODS:From January 2010 to July 2012,66452 patients with suspected Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori) infection from 26 hospitals in Zhejiang and Jiangsu Provinces in China underwent gastrointestinal endoscopy.Gastric mucosal biopsies were taken from the antrum for culture.These biopsies were transported under natural environmental temperature to the central laboratory in Hangzhou city and divided into three groups based on their transport time:5,24 and 48 h.The culture results were reported after 72 h and the positive culture rates were analyzed by a χ2 test.An additional 5736 biopsies from H.pylori-positive patients(5646 rapid urease test-positive and 90 14C-urease breath test-positive) were also cultured for quality control in the central laboratory setting.RESULTS:The positive culture rate was 31.66%(21036/66452) for the patient samples and 71.72%(4114/5736) for the H.pylori-positive quality control specimens.In the 5 h transport group,the positiveculture rate was 30.99%(3865/12471),and 32.84%(14960/45553) in the 24 h transport group.In contrast,the positive culture rate declined significantly in the 48 h transport group(26.25%; P 0.001).During transportation,the average natural temperature increased from 4.67 to 29.14℃,while the positive culture rate declined from 36.67%(1462/3987) to 24.12%(1799/7459).When the temperature exceeded 24℃,the positive culture rate decreased significantly,especially in the 48 h transport group(23.17%).CONCLUSION:Transportation of specimens within 24 h and below 24℃ is reasonable and acceptable for centralized culture of multicenter H.pylori samples.     

血清铁蛋白鉴别急性期皮肤黏膜淋巴结综合征与常见小儿急性发热性疾病

目的运用血清铁蛋白(SF)鉴别急性期皮肤黏膜淋巴结综合征与小儿常见急性发热性疾病。 方法选取2016年至2021年在苏州大学附属常州市肿瘤医院及南京医科大学附属常州第二人民医院就诊的皮肤黏膜淋巴结综合征患者185例，其中男性100例，女性85例；年龄1(1，2)岁。并同时选取其他小儿常见急性发热性疾病患者194例，其中男性99例，女性95例；年龄2(1，3)岁。疾病主要包含支气管肺炎，上呼吸道感染，幼儿急诊，疱疹性咽峡炎及化脓性扁桃体炎等。实验室检查测量白细胞计数(WBC)、中性粒细胞计数(NEUT)、淋巴细胞计数(LYM)、嗜酸性粒细胞计数(EO)、血红蛋白量(Hb)、血小板计数(PLT)、超敏C反应蛋白(超敏CRP)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、血沉(ESR)、总胆红素、总蛋白、白蛋白、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、肌酸激酶(CK)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)，降钙素原(PCT)、D-二聚体、N端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)、SF、T细胞亚群(CD19、CD3、CD4、CD8)和NK细胞等血液学指标。 结果急性期皮肤黏膜淋巴结综合征患者WBC、NEUT、EO、PLT、超敏CRP、CRP、ESR、总胆红素、ALT、LDH、CK-MB，PCT、D-二聚体、NT-proBNP、SF、T细胞亚群(CD19、CD4、CD8)、CD4/CD8和NK细胞所测值显著高于其他小儿急性发热性疾病(P<0.01)，而Hb、总蛋白、白蛋白、AST、CK和CD3所测值显著低于其他小儿急性发热性疾病(P <0.01)。ROC曲线显示SF截点值为104.7 ng/mL时可以有效鉴别急性期皮肤黏膜淋巴结综合征与其他小儿急性发热性疾病，其诊断敏感度和特异度分别为92 %和52.94 %。 结论急性期皮肤黏膜淋巴结综合征患者SF较小儿急性发热性疾病明显升高；SF截点值为104.7 ng/mL时可以有效鉴别急性期皮肤黏膜淋巴结综合征与小儿急性发热性疾病。     

便携式在体机械灌注设备运行稳定性及保护无心跳供体器官的实验研究

目的探讨便携式在体机械灌注设备(IMPD)运行稳定性和保护无心跳大动物供器官的作用。 方法6只健康清洁巴马小型猪麻醉后开腹，分别经腹主动脉、下腔静脉插管并连接到自主研发的便携式IMPD，静脉注射氯化钾骤停心脏，观察5 min无复跳，启动设备对动物器官进行常温(37 ℃)机械灌注。调整离心泵转速和灌注流量以控制静脉血氧饱和度维持在60%～70%，持续灌注12 h，每2小时为观察时间点，记录设备管路流量、离心泵转速和流量/转速比值，检测肝、肾功能和血液内环境指标，灌注结束后获取胆总管、肝、肾和小肠组织，HE染色后光镜下评估病理改变情况。采用重复测量资料单因素方差分析比较灌注过程中各时间点运行参数、肝肾功能和血液内环境指标，组内两两比较采用LSD法，P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。 结果全部实验均完成12 h灌注，灌注过程中设备运行稳定，无故障或停机意外，管路流量、离心泵转速和流量/转速比值均稳定。ALT、总胆红素(TBIL)和谷氨酰转移酶(GGT)稳定，灌注开始至结束各时间点与术前相比，差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。灌注开始后AST缓慢上升，灌注第8、10和12小时AST分别为(73±21)、(90±30)和(114±48)(U/L)，与术前相比，差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。在实验猪心脏停跳的5 min内，乳酸在灌注开始时便处于峰值，自灌注第8小时起，乳酸数值与峰值相比差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。K^＋浓度水平自灌注第2小时起各时间点与灌注开始时相比，差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。ALT、TBIL、GGT、血尿素氮、血清肌酐、血气分析指标、Na^＋、Ca^2＋和Cl^-浓度水平稳定，灌注开始至结束各时间点数值与灌注开始时相比，差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。自灌注开始后持续有胆汁生成、尿量产生。供肝灌注12 h的过程中，肝脏始终保持外观红润、质地柔软、边缘锐利。灌注结束后，胆总管、肝、肾和小肠组织病理结果示组织结构完整，无淤血和大面积坏死征象。 结论便携式IMPD可以稳定灌注无心跳猪供器官12 h，可以较好维护胆总管、肝、肾和小肠器官。     

细菌NDM-1质粒耐药表型与其表达的相关性研究

目的 探讨NDM-1质粒携带菌株耐药表型与其基因表达的相关性，为临床抗菌药物选择提供理论参考。方法 携带NDM-1的质粒电转化入大肠埃希菌TOP10，采用琼脂平板倍比稀释法测定碳青霉烯类药物对野生株和电转化子的最低抑菌浓度(minimal inhibitory concentration, MIC)，TaqMan RT-PCR检测碳青霉烯类耐药菌株的blaNDM-1基因表达及亚-MIC亚胺培南诱导对blaNDM-1基因表达的影响。结果 12株产NDM-1菌株中共有8株电转化成功，电转化子对碳青霉烯类药物的耐药性与野生菌株基本一致。细菌对碳青霉烯类的耐药性与blaNDM-1基因表达成正比。亚-MIC亚胺培南诱导后菌株对碳青霉烯类药物的MIC值和blaNDM-1基因表达均显著高于野生株。结论 碳青霉烯类耐药菌株耐药表型与blaNDM-1基因表达具有正相关性，TaqMan RT-PCR检测可快速准确地为临床治疗提供依据。     

Relationship between inflammatory reaction and ischemic injury of caudate-putamen in rats: inflammatory reaction and brain ischemia

Inflammatory response after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) has been a focus of research recently, but the effect of inflammatory cells on ischemic neurons remains unclear. In order to study the effect of the inflammatory reaction on brain ischemic injury, we observed the morphology, number and distribution of CD3-, CD8-, ED1- and ED2-positive cells systematically in the caudate-putamen of rats in a MCAO model. The present results show that all four types of inflammatory cells first infiltrated the ischemic penumbra and then migrated into the center of the ischemic area, but the morphological changes and infiltration processes differed significantly; the infiltration of CD3- and CD8-positive cells into the ischemic area started at 3 days postischemia, and their number peaked at 1 week; however, although ED1- and ED2-positive cells were also observed at 3 days after ischemia, they reached their maximum number at 2 and 4 weeks, respectively. Moreover, ED1-and ED2-positive cells showed evident hyperplasia and hypertrophy in morphology. Our results also showed that the response of CD3-, CD8-, ED1- and ED2-positive cells in the ischemic area and the pathological changes in ischemic brain tissue could be inhibited by cyclosporine A. The results suggest that the infiltration and reaction of inflammatory cells are involved in the pathological process of ischemic brain injury.