冠心病中医体质类型、客观化及临床应用研究进展

冠心病的发生、发展与中医体质存在密切关系.冠心病患者在遗传物质的差异、生长地域环境的不同等影响因素下表现出中医体质类型的差异性.诸多体质学研究发现冠心病患者以偏颇体质、兼夹体质为主.中医体质研究从宏观角度反映冠心病患者的疾病特质,中医体质分布规律的研究对冠心病的认识具有重要意义,本文就近10年来冠心病中医体质类型分布、...     

Leishmania mexicana Gp63 cDNA Using Gene Gun Induced Higher Immunity to L. mexicana Infection Compared to Soluble Leishmania Antigen in BALB/C

Background

Leishmaniasis is a worldwide disease prevalent in tropical and sub tropical countries. Many attempts have been made and different strategies have been approached to develop a potent vaccine against Leishmania. DNA immunisation is a method, which is shown to be effective in Leishmania vaccination. Leishmania Soluble Antigen (SLA) has also recently been used Leishmania vaccination.

Methods

The immunity generated by SLA and L. mexicana gp63 cDNA was compared in groups of 6 mice, which were statistically analysed by student t- test with the P-value of 0.05. SLA was administered by two different methods; intramuscular injection and injection of dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with SLA. L. mexicana gp63 cDNA was administered by the gene gun.

Results

Immunisation of BALB/c mice with L. mexicana gp63 resulted in high levels of Th1-type immune response and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) activity, which were accompanied with protection induced by the immunisation against L. mexicana infection. In contrast, administration of SLA, produced a mixed Th1/Th2-type immune responses as well as a high level of CTL activity but did not protect mice from the infection.

Conclusion

The results indicate higher protection by DNA immunisation using L. mexicana gp63 cDNA compared to SLA, which is accompanied by a high level of Th1 immune response. However, the CTL activity does not necessarily correlate with the protection induced by the vaccine. Also, gene gun immunisation is a potential approach in Leishmania vaccination. These findings would be helpful in opening new windows in Leishmania vaccine research.     

丁香水溶性化学成分的研究

目的：研究丁香水溶性化学成分。方法：利用HP-20大孔吸附树脂、反相硅胶柱色谱、反相制备薄层色谱、制备型反相高效液相色谱进行分离,NMR和MS等方法进行结构鉴定。结果：从丁香干燥花蕾的水提物中分离鉴定了5个化合物,分别为槲皮素-3-O-葡萄糖醛酸苷（1）,槲皮素-3-O-葡萄糖醛酸苷6″-甲酯（2）,槲皮素-3-O-葡萄糖苷（3）,丁香酚-β-芸香糖苷（4）,杨梅酮（5）。结论：化合物1～4为首次从丁香属植物中分离得到。     

羊肚菌属群体遗传学和基因组进化的研究进展

羊肚菌Morchella esculenta是子囊菌亚门的一种大型药食两用真菌,具有重要的经济价值和药用价值。然而近年来全球气候变化,导致羊肚菌属物种的栖息地破碎和片段化,加上消费者对羊肚菌美食的喜爱,过渡采挖造成羊肚菌属野生资源急剧减少,因此,急需对羊肚菌属物种资源进行保护。遗传多样性的时空分布是保护生物学的重要内容,遗传多样性关系到一个物种或类群的进化潜力和未来命运。生物基因组和进化的研究能够辅助挖掘物种深层次的优异基因资源,有利于从本质上对物种进行科学保护。从羊肚菌属的遗传多样性、遗传结构和家系关系以及基因组进化等的研究进展进行综述,以期为羊肚菌属资源的科学保护提供重要依据。     

4p16.3 haplotype modifying age at onset of Huntington disease

Huntington disease (HD) is caused by an expanded CAG repeat sequence in the HD gene. Although the age at onset is correlated to the CAG repeat length, this correlation only explains approximately half of the variation in onset age. Less variation between siblings indicates that the variation is, in part, explained by genetic modifiers. We analyzed polymorphic loci within or close to the HD gene on the HD chromosome in Danish HD patients. We found one specific haplotype segregating with later age at onset, compared with patients with similar CAG repeat length and another haplotype. The nine Danish families in the study carrying this haplotype most likely have a common founder. Several of the polymorphic loci displayed alleles that may be specific to the late-onset haplotype, implicating that from this study we cannot determine which of the loci tested (or other polymorphic loci in this chromosomal area) do in fact contain genetic modifiers of age at onset.     

Changes in body temperature and urinary cortisol after routine immunization in babies with intrauterine growth retardation

Aim : To investigate whether infants with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) experience different changes in temperature and cortisol excretion after routine immunization compared with normal healthy infants. Methods : Overnight deep body temperature and urinary cortisol to creatinine ratios were measured on the night after immunization and a control night in normal and IUGR infants. Results : In 60 normal infants, first vaccination at about 10 wk of age led to a significant increase in minumum overnight temperature compared to the control night, mean rise 0.25°C (95% CI, 0.12 to 0.38). In 35 IUGR infants the mean rise in temperature between immunization night and control night was 0.35°C (95% CI, 0.15 to 0.55). The increases in minimum temperature did not differ significantly between the normal and IUGR infants ( p = 0.11). Cortisol to creatinine ratios measured from overnight urine samples showed that 23 IUGR infants had consistently higher levels than 39 normal infants; control night medians 34 and 15 ( p = 0.01) and immunization night medians 56 and 26 ( p= 0.02), respectively. However, the percentage increase did not differ significantly between the IUGR infants and the normal infants. A smaller number of second immunizations were studied, but no significant differences were found.

Conclusion : These results suggest that although the impact of immunization is the same for IUGR and normal infants, because IUGR infants are less mature and at greater stress before immunization, the absolute levels that they experience after immunization are higher than those for normal infants.     

Association between palmoplantar pustulosis and cigarette smoking in Brazil: a case–control study

Background  Palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP) discloses some differences compared to vulgar psoriasis (PV) in terms of age of onset, female predominance and low occurrence of psoriasis lesions elsewhere. Cigarette smoking has been associated to PPP in international studies; nevertheless, these studies were never performed among Brazilian.
Objectives  To compare prevalence of smoking among PPP, PV and other dermatologic patients (NPD).
Methods  Case–control study involving 25 PPP patients from a reference psoriasis centre. Two control groups were matched according to gender and age: 50 patients with PV and 50 NPD. Confounders were adjusted by conditional multiple logistic regression.
Results  Among cases, 84.0% were female and PPP age of disease onset (41.4 years) was greater than PV (34.5 years). Prevalence of ever smoking was higher among cases (92.0%) than PV (52.0%) and NPD (30.0%). Adjusted odds ratio of PPP ever smoking compared to PV and NPD was 9.5 and 36.2, respectively. All smokers reported the onset of their habit before the development of PPP.
Conclusions  There was significant association between PPP and smoking. However, the impact of giving it up in the clinical course of the disease remains to be established.