本地实验犬淋巴细胞染色体核型分析

目的通过犬的染色体核型分析,为诊断犬染色体病以及进行犬的分子细胞学研究奠定了基础。方法采集13条正常本地犬(6条雌性、7条雄性)外周血进行淋巴细胞培养,经秋水仙素处理后制备常规及G带染色体标本并进行核型分析。结果本地犬的染色体形态结构表现出很好的一致性,其染色体数为2n=78,雌性染色体核型为78,XX,雄性染色体核型为78,XY。39对染色体中有38对常染色体均为端着丝粒染色体,长度逐渐递减;1对性染色体为中央着丝粒,X染色体最大并与人X染色体形态极其相似,Y染色体最小。结论染色体G带核型分析发现,可以明确鉴别犬第1～21号常染色体和性染色体,但很难可靠地鉴别其余的17对常染色体。     

Application of PET-MRI registration techniques to cat brain imaging

In positron emission tomography (PET) studies of diseased animals, it is very useful to have accurate anatomical information as a reference. In human studies, anatomical information is usually obtained from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the subject with retrospective registration of the subject's PET image to the MRI. A number of PET-MRI registration techniques are used for this purpose. However, the utility of these methods has not been tested for animals image registration. This paper studies the feasibility of applying two currently used human brain PET-MRI registration techniques to cat brain images. METHODS: Three cats were anesthetized with isoflurane gas, and PET images were acquired with H(2)(15)O, benzodiazepine receptor ligand 11C-flumazemil (FMZ), dopamine receptor ligand 11C-nemonapride (NEM) and fluorodeoxy glucose (18F-FDG). The four PET scans were acquired consecutively within the same day while the cat remained fixed in the scanner. We also obtained T1-weighted and T2-weighted MRI of the cats in a 4.7 T unit. The PET images were registered to MRI using two human brain registration techniques: a semi-automatic method (SAM), which is a two-step method based on the extraction of the midsagittal plane, and an automatic method (AMIR) method that minimizes PET pixel variance within spatially connected segments determined by MRI. RESULTS: T2-weighted MRI provided better structural information than T1 MRI. FMZ did, while FDG or H(2)O PET images did not, provide a structural outline of the brain. The FMZ PET image was registered to MRI satisfactorily using SAM. The striatum visualized in nemonapride PET image re-sliced with the same parameters matched the striatum identified in T2-weighted MRI. Registration by AMIR was successful by inspection for FMZ, FDG or H(2)O PET images in only one of the three cats. The registration error of SAM was estimated to be less than 2 mm or 2 degrees. CONCLUSION: A satisfactory registration of FMZ-PET to T2-weighted MRI of the cat brain was obtained by a two-step manual registration technique. This will enhance the usefulness of PET in the field of cerebral pathophysiology.     

NP与EP方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的比较

为观察比较长春瑞滨（NVB）联合顺铂（DDP）组成的NP方案与依托泊苷（Vp-16）联合DDP组成的EP方案,治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌（non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC）的疗效和毒性反应,选取82例晚期NSCLC患者,随机分为NP和EP两组进行化疗.结果示,NP组有效率为52.5%（21/40）,EP组有效率为28.6%（12/42）,NP组疗效优于EP组,但差异尚无统计学意义,u=1.855,P=0.064.两组剂量限制毒性均为骨髓抑制,消化道反应可以耐受.初步研究结果提示,NP方案治疗晚期NSCLC的疗效高于EP方案.     

肺癌组织中黑色素瘤抗原-A3基因mRNA的表达及其序列点突变分析

目的检测肺癌组织中黑色素瘤抗原-3基因(MAGE-A3)mRNA的表达。方法用逆转录-套式聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)对31例肺癌患者癌组织和相应癌旁组织MAGE-A3mRNA表达情况进行测定;PE-377DNA测序仪对5例10个RT-PCR扩增产物中的目的基因片段进行DNA序列测定。结果31例肺癌患者癌组织中26例表达MAGE-A3mRNA,阳性率为83.9%;相应的癌旁组织均未表达。DNA序列测定证明PCR扩增产物中目的基因片段均为MAGE-A3cDNA序列,所测5例样本中4例样本有两个相同位置的碱基发生了点突变(C2773→T2773;G2807→A2807),导致一个氨基酸残基改变(E143→K)。结论MAGE-A3mRNA在肺癌中呈高比例表达,提示此抗原有可能作为肺癌患者免疫治疗的靶抗原。我国肺癌患者中存在MAGE-A3基因个别位点的变异。     

HPLC测定蝉蜕止咳颗粒中黄芩苷和汉黄芩素含量

目的:建立高效液相色谱法测定蝉蜕止咳颗粒(蝉蜕、黄芩等)中黄芩苷和汉黄芩素含量的方法.方法:ODS(C18)色谱柱.乙腈-0.6%磷酸(45:55)为流动相;流速:1mL·min-1;柱温:40℃;检测波长275nm.结果:本法可测定蝉蜕止咳颗粒中黄芩苷和汉黄芩素含量.其分别在0.104μg～0.52μg和0.03μg～0.15μg范围内与峰面积成线性关系.平均回收率分别为100.69%和98.8%;RSD分别为1.75%和1.01%.结论:该方法简便、准确,可作为蝉蜕止咳颗粒的含量测定方法.     

新疆芍药化学成分的研究

目的 :研究新疆芍药的化学成分。方法 :用柱色谱分离 ,利用化合物的理化性质及波谱方法鉴定。结果 :分离并鉴定了芍药苷 (paeoniflorinⅠ )、白芍苷 (albiflorinⅡ )、芍药新苷 (lactiflorinⅢ )、胡萝卜苷 (daucosterolⅣ )和蔗糖 (sucroseⅤ )等 5个成分。结论 :这些化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。另芍药新苷化学结构曾 2次被修正 ,本研究分析后确认了其中的 1个结论。     

老年高血压患者血压昼夜节律对左室肥厚的影响

【摘要】 目的 研究老年高血压患者的血压昼夜节律变化对左室肥厚的影响。方法 选取我院126例高血压患者,根据心脏彩超提示左室肥厚情况分为肥厚组（n=52例）和非肥厚组（n=74例）。比较两组动态血压指标及血压变异性,进行多因素分析探讨血压变异性对左室肥厚的影响。 结果 高血压肥厚组24h平均收缩压（24hSBP）、白天平均收缩压（dSBP）、夜间平均收缩压（nSBP）、24h收缩压标准差（24hSSD）、24h舒张压标准差（24hDSD）、白天收缩压标准差（dSSD）、夜间收缩压标准差（nSSD）均高于非肥厚组,差异有统计学意义（P＜005）。Logistic回归分析显示,24h SBP 与dSSD、nSSD为左室肥厚的独立危险因素（P＜005）。结论 老年高血压患者的24h SBP 与dSSD、nSSD是影响左室肥厚的独立危险因素,平稳控制血压对防止左室肥厚的发生有一定影响。