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101.
Richard P. Dearden Rohan Mansuit Antoine Cuckovic Anthony Herrel Dominique Didier Paul Tafforeau Alan Pradel 《Journal of anatomy》2021,238(5):1082-1105
The anatomy of sharks, rays, and chimaeras (chondrichthyans) is crucial to understanding the evolution of the cranial system in vertebrates due to their position as the sister group to bony fishes (osteichthyans). Strikingly different arrangements of the head in the two constituent chondrichthyan groups—holocephalans and elasmobranchs—have played a pivotal role in the formation of evolutionary hypotheses targeting major cranial structures such as the jaws and pharynx. However, despite the advent of digital dissections as a means of easily visualizing and sharing the results of anatomical studies in three dimensions, information on the musculoskeletal systems of the chondrichthyan head remains largely limited to traditional accounts, many of which are at least a century old. Here, we use synchrotron tomographic data to carry out a digital dissection of a holocephalan and an elasmobranch widely used as model species: the elephantfish, Callorhinchus milii, and the small-spotted catshark, Scyliorhinus canicula. We describe and figure the skeletal anatomy of the head, labial, mandibular, hyoid, and branchial cartilages in both taxa as well as the muscles of the head and pharynx. In Callorhinchus, we make several new observations regarding the branchial musculature, revealing several previously unreported or ambiguously characterized muscles, likely homologous to their counterparts in the elasmobranch pharynx. We also identify a previously unreported structure linking the pharyngohyal of Callorhinchus to the neurocranium. Finally, we review what is known about the evolution of chondrichthyan cranial muscles from their fossil record and discuss the implications for muscle homology and evolution, broadly concluding that the holocephalan pharynx is likely derived from a more elasmobranch-like form which is plesiomorphic for the chondrichthyan crown group. This dataset has great potential as a resource, particularly for researchers using these model species for zoological research, functional morphologists requiring models of musculature and skeletons, as well as for palaeontologists seeking comparative models for extinct taxa. 相似文献
102.
103.
Seguier Julie Briantais Antoine Ebbo Mikael Meunier Benoit Aurran Thérèse Coze Stéphanie Kaphan Elsa De Sainte Marie Benjamin Sbihi Zineb Latour Sylvain Cerf-Bensussan Nadine Picard Capucine Vély Frédéric Barlogis Vincent Schleinitz Nicolas 《Journal of clinical immunology》2021,41(8):1975-1978
Journal of Clinical Immunology - 相似文献
104.
Alexandre How Kit Nicolas Mazaleyrat Antoine Daunay Helene Myrtue Nielsen Benoît Terris Jörg Tost 《Human mutation》2013,34(11):1568-1580
A number of methods allowing the detection of low levels of KRAS mutations have been developed in the last years. However, although these methods have become increasingly sensitive, they can rarely identify the mutated base directly without prior knowledge on the mutated base and are often incompatible with a sequencing‐based read‐out desirable in clinical practice. Here, we present a modified version of the ice‐COLD‐PCR assay called Enhanced‐ice‐COLD‐PCR (E‐ice‐COLD‐PCR) for KRAS mutation detection and identification, which allows the enrichment of the six most frequent KRAS mutations. The method is based on a nonextendable chemically modified blocker sequence, complementary to the wild‐type (WT) sequence leading to the enrichment of mutated sequences. This assay permits the reliable detection of down to 0.1% mutated sequences in a WT background. A single genotyping assay of the amplification product by pyrosequencing directly following the E‐ice‐COLD‐PCR is performed to identify the mutated base. This developed two‐step method is rapid and cost‐effective, and requires only a small amount of starting material permitting the sensitive detection and sequence identification of KRAS mutations within 3 hr. This method is applied in the current study to clinical colorectal cancer samples and enables detection of mutations in samples, which appear as WT using standard detection technologies. 相似文献
105.
Chirag Nepal Yavor Hadzhiev Christopher Previti Vanja Haberle Nan Li Hazuki Takahashi Ana Maria M. Suzuki Ying Sheng Rehab F. Abdelhamid Santosh Anand Jochen Gehrig Altuna Akalin Christel E.M. Kockx Antoine A.J. van der Sloot Wilfred F.J. van IJcken Olivier Armant Sepand Rastegar Craig Watson Uwe Str?hle Elia Stupka Piero Carninci Boris Lenhard Ferenc Müller 《Genome research》2013,23(11):1938-1950
106.
Antoine Geissbuhler 《International journal of medical informatics》2013,82(5):e118-e124
It took more than ten years from the initial mandate to the first implementation of e-toile, the Geneva health information exchange. Although most actors quickly agreed on the goals and potential benefits of such a system, obstacles were many, and mostly non-technical. The transparency resulting from a streamlined exchange of information may improve the continuity, quality and efficiency of care, while, at the same time, reveal and challenge habits and practices of care professionals and of citizens. This tension must be understood, and trust must be fostered amongst stakeholders. In our experience, key enablers were the collaborative elaboration and negotiation of an eHealth law, the definition of an eHealth strategy, as well as the involuntary increased financial pressure on all healthcare stakeholders. Nevertheless, and even though it is often cited as a successful model, the Swiss health system, being highly fragmented and based on a complex interplay of private and public stakeholders, is not as conducive to the deployment of eHealth systems as most other developed countries. 相似文献
107.
Sigrid Theunissen Julie Schumacker François Guerrero Frauke Tillmans Antoine Boutros Kate Lambrechts Aleksandra Mazur Massimo Pieri Peter Germonpré Costantino Balestra 《European journal of applied physiology》2013,113(12):2967-2975
Objective
The aim of this study is to observe the effects of dark chocolate on endothelial function after a series of successive apnea dives in non-thermoneutral water.Methods
Twenty breath-hold divers were divided into two groups: a control group (8 males and 2 females) and a chocolate group (9 males and 1 female). The control group was asked to perform a series of dives to 20 m adding up to 20 min in the quiet diving pool of Conflans-Ste-Honorine (Paris, France), water temperature was 27 °C. The chocolate group performed the dives 1 h after ingestion of 30 g of dark chocolate. Flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), digital photoplethysmography, nitric oxide (NO), and peroxynitrite ONOO?) levels were measured before and after each series of breath-hold dives.Results
A significant decrease in FMD was observed in the control group after the dives (95.28 ± 2.9 % of pre-dive values, p < 0.001) while it was increased in the chocolate group (104.1 ± 2.9 % of pre-dive values, p < 0.01). A decrease in the NO level was observed in the control group (86.76 ± 15.57 %, p < 0.05) whereas no difference was shown in the chocolate group (98.44 ± 31.86 %, p > 0.05). No differences in digital photoplethysmography and peroxynitrites were observed between before and after the dives.Conclusion
Antioxidants contained in dark chocolate scavenge free radicals produced during breath-hold diving. Ingestion of 30 g of dark chocolate 1 h before the dive can thus prevent endothelial dysfunction which can be observed after a series of breath-hold dives. 相似文献108.
Antoine M. Valera Fiona C. Neufeldt Paul A. Kirkby John E. Mitchell R. Angus Silver 《Biomedical optics express》2021,12(6):3717
Remote focusing is widely used in 3D two-photon microscopy and 3D photostimulation because it enables fast axial scanning without moving the objective lens or specimen. However, due to the design constraints of microscope optics, remote focus units are often located in non-telecentric positions in the optical path, leading to significant depth-dependent 3D field distortions in the imaging volume. To address this limitation, we characterized 3D field distortions arising from non-telecentric remote focusing and present a method for distortion precompensation. We demonstrate its applicability for a 3D two-photon microscope that uses an acousto-optic lens (AOL) for remote focusing and scanning. We show that the distortion precompensation method improves the pointing precision of the AOL microscope to < 0.5 µm throughout the 400 × 400 × 400 µm imaging volume. 相似文献
109.