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91.
Alberto J Espay Danielle M Andrade Richard A Wennberg Anthony E Lang 《Epileptic Disord》2005,7(3):227-230
Angelman syndrome is a neurogenetic disorder resulting in refractory epilepsy and profound psychomotor retardation in its most prevalent form, caused by deletion of maternal chromosome 15q11-13. We report the case of a 29-year-old, mentally retarded man with unusual electroencephalographic changes during periods of atypical absence status epilepticus, a previously unreported manifestation of the usually milder, drug-responsive epilepsy associated with Angelman syndrome due to the UBE3A mutation.[Published with video sequences]. 相似文献
92.
David L Brown Anthony J Penington 《Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery》2007,60(3):294-299
One problem in the treatment of degloving injuries is the accurate prediction of the survivability of the avulsed tissue. Initial evaluation frequently underestimates the degree of eventual flap loss, and in many cases, there is a progressive necrosis that continues over the ensuing days. The pathophysiology of this phenomenon is unclear. We undertook this study to test the theory that underlying devascularised fat contributes to overlying skin necrosis. A dorsal random skin flap model was used in the rat. Sixty-six rats were divided into three groups: flaps with viable fat and silicone sheeting underneath, flaps with devascularised fat and silicone sheeting underneath and control flaps with only silicone sheeting underneath. Flap necrosis (% area+/-SEM) was evaluated at one week, and found to be 27.1+/-4% in the live fat group, 33.2+/-4% in the dead fat group and 33.6+/-5% in the control group. One-way analysis of variance showed no statistically significant difference between the three groups at a power of 80%. In this study, we have shown that neither live nor dead fat has a significant influence on the survival of an overlying random skin flap in the rat. 相似文献
93.
Anthony P Nicholas 《Movement disorders》2007,22(1):99-104
The present study examines the motor responses of 10- to 12-month-old, male C57 mice that were either given intraperitoneal (IP) injections of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP; 30 mg/kg per day) or vehicle for 10 consecutive days, followed by IP injections of levodopa (200 mg/kg) plus carbidopa (25 mg/kg). Five days of MPTP exposure resulted in the Straub tail phenomenon and pronounced hypokinesia. However, during the next 5 days, motor activity returned to baseline, even with continued MPTP treatment. After 10 to 14 days of rest, all mice were then treated with levodopa/carbidopa twice daily for multiple, consecutive days. However, only the previously MPTP-treated animals became hyperkinetic, as compared to levodopa-treated control animals that were not previously exposed to MPTP. Abnormal activity included scratching, running, gnawing, and jumping movements. Hyperactivity lasted for approximately 2 hours after each levodopa injection and then returned to baseline, but the amount of hyperkinesia increased with additional days of levodopa treatment, even though the daily levodopa dose was not changed. These results demonstrate that levodopa can cause reproducible hyperactivity in mice that were previously exposed to MPTP. 相似文献
94.
Anthony P. Khalifah Ramsey R. Hachem Murali M. Chakinala Roger D. Yusen Aviva Aloush G. Alexander Patterson Thalachallour Mohanakumar Elbert P. Trulock Michael J. Walter 《American journal of transplantation》2005,5(8):2022-2030
Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) is a major cause of lung allograft dysfunction. Although previous studies have identified mild to severe rejection (grade>or=A2) as a risk factor for BOS, the role of minimal rejection (grade A1) remains unclear. To determine if A1 rejection by itself is a risk factor for BOS, we performed a retrospective cohort study on 228 adult lung transplant recipients over a 7-year period. Cohorts were defined by their most severe rejection episode (none, A1 only, and >or=A2) and analyzed for the subsequent development and progression of BOS using univariate and multivariate time-dependent Cox regression analysis. In the univariate model, the occurrence of isolated minimal rejection was a risk factor for all stages of BOS. Similarly, multivariate models that included HLA mismatch, cytomegalovirus pneumonitis, community acquired viral infection, underlying disease and type of transplant demonstrated that A1 rejection was a distinct risk factor for BOS. Furthermore, the associated risk with A1 rejection was slightly greater than the risk from >or=A2 and treatment of A1 rejection decreased the risk for subsequent BOS stage 1. We conclude that minimal rejection is associated with an increased risk for BOS development and progression that is comparable to A2 rejection. 相似文献
95.
Intraabdominal adhesions develop after abdominal surgery as part of the normal healing processes that occur after damage to the peritoneum. Over the last 2 decades, much research has gone into understanding the biochemical and cellular processes that lead to adhesion formation. The early balance between fibrin deposition and degradation seems to be the critical factor in adhesion formation. Although adhesions do have some beneficial effects, they also cause significant morbidity, including adhesive small bowel obstruction, infertility and increased difficulty with reoperative surgery. Several strategies have been employed over the years to prevent adhesion formation while not interfering with wound healing. This article summarizes much of our current understanding of adhesion formation and strategies that have been employed to prevent them. 相似文献
96.
97.
Rebecca S. Howell-Jones MSc ; Patricia E. Price PhD ; Anthony J. Howard MBBS MSc FRCPath ; David W. Thomas FDRCS MScD PhD 《Wound repair and regeneration》2006,14(4):387-393
The aim of this study was to describe and quantify systemic antibiotic prescribing for patients with chronic skin wounds presenting at the primary care, nonspecialist setting. Data for 1 year were extracted from a general practice morbidity database comprising approximately 185,000 patients attending family medical practitioners in Wales. Patients with chronic wounds (PCW) were identified using Read Codes and compared with nonwound patients who were randomly selected after matching for age-band, sex, and general practice. PCW received a significantly greater number of antibiotic courses than nonwound patients (p<0.001). This increased level of prescribing was evident for flucloxacillin, co-amoxiclav, cefaclor, cefalexin, erythromycin, trimethoprim, metronidazole, and ciprofloxacin (p<0.01 for all). While PCW also had a significantly higher prevalence of diabetes (16.5% compared with 6.6%, p<0.001), and attended at general practice significantly more frequently than nonwound patients (median (interquartile range) of 25 (17-40) visits per year compared with 12 (4-20), p<0.001), importantly, exclusion of diabetic patients and analysis of the proportion of visits on which patients received antibiotics did not affect the significance of the difference in antibiotic consumption. These data show a strong association between occurrence of chronic wounds and prescribing of antibiotics in primary health care, and wide variation in the type and duration of antibiotic therapy for chronic wounds. Further work is now indicated to rationalize this prescribing and determine the role that this exposure to antibiotics plays in the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in this at-risk elderly population. 相似文献
98.
A study of the freeze-drying conditions of calixarene based solid lipid nanoparticles. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Patrick Shahgaldian Jér?me Gualbert Ka?s A?ssa Anthony W Coleman 《European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics》2003,55(2):181-184
In this note, we report a study of cryoprotectant carbohydrate (glucose, fructose, mannose and maltose) effects on the reconstitution of calixarene based solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) suspensions after freeze-drying, studied by atomic force microscopy and photon correlation spectroscopy. All carbohydrates tested showed excellent cryoprotection and redispersion properties with the calixarene based SLNs. 相似文献
99.
100.
Carmelo Romano Michael A. Sesma Colin T. McDonald Karen O'malley Anthony N. van den Pol John W. Olney 《The Journal of comparative neurology》1995,355(3):455-469
The receptor mGluR5 is a metabotropic glutamate receptor with messenger RNA abundantly present throughout cortex, hippocampus, and caudate/putamen that is also coupled to phosphatidyl inositide hydrolysis and calcium mobilization. In this study, the distribution of mGluR5 was examined in rat brain by immunocytochemistry. The antibody utilized is highly specific and does not cross react with the most closely related other metabotropic glutamate receptor, as determined by Western blot analysis of nonneuronal cells transfected with metabotropic receptor coding sequences. The receptor mGluR5 is widely expressed with the highest density in olfactory bulb, caudate/putamen, lateral septum, cortex, and hippocampus, as confirmed with both immunocytochemistry and Western blot analysis. Electron microscopic studies in hippocampus and cortex indicate that the labeling is mostly on membranes of dendritic spines and shafts. Light and electron microscopic evidence indicates that some mGluR5 immunoreactivity is located in presynaptic axon terminals, suggesting that mGluR5 may function as a presynaptic receptor. 相似文献