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排序方式: 共有146条查询结果,搜索用时 234 毫秒
31.
Nolan KA Volavka J Czobor P Cseh A Lachman H Saito T Tiihonen J Putkonen A Hallikainen T Kotilainen I Räsänen P Isohanni M Järvelin MR Karvonen MK 《Psychiatric genetics》2000,10(3):117-124
A common functional polymorphism that results in a three- to four-fold difference in catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) enzyme activity has been related to psychiatric disorders such as ultra-ultra rapid cycling bipolar disorder, drug abuse and alcoholism (Lachman et al., 1996a; Karayiorgou et al., 1997; Vandenbergh et al., 1997; Papolos et al., 1998; Tiihonen et al., 1999). Several studies have also reported associations between the allele encoding the low enzyme activity COMT variant (L allele) and other-directed aggression (Strous et al., 1997; Lachman et al., 1998; Kotler et al., 1999) in schizophrenic and schizoaffective patients. The current study investigated whether the COMT L allele is also associated with suicide attempts in schizophrenic and schizoaffective patients. COMT genotypes were determined and history of suicide attempts was retrospectively investigated in a Finnish sample (n = 94) and a US sample (n = 54). Significant associations were observed between COMT genotype and suicide; specifically, history of violent suicide attempts. The COMT L allele was more frequent in subjects who had attempted suicide by violent means. These associations were significant in males but not females. These findings support a common neurobiological substrate for self- and other-directed aggression, and suggest that catecholaminergic alterations may contribute to these behaviors in schizophrenic and schizoaffective patients. 相似文献
32.
Summary Objective. To describe a microsurgical modification of the Ray Threaded Fusion Cage (TFC) instrumentation technique for achieving lumbar
interbody fusion.
Technique. The lumbar fusion is established by application of two titanium cages through two different short skin incisions, first
on one and then on the other side. The spinous processes and the whole interspinous ligament are preserved. Under microscopic
control, the lower nerve root and foramen are identified and foraminotomy performed. The dural sac is carefully exposed so
that a free and gentle retraction of the nerve root to the midline can be obtained. After removal of the disc material, the
retractor is inserted. Special attention should be paid to visualization of the superior nerve root in order to avoid neural
injuries. The end plate and disc material are then drilled and tapped for insertion of the appropriate cage.
Conclusion. The Ray TFC lumbar fusion can be practically and safely performed under microscopic control. 相似文献
33.
34.
Tossavainen A Kotilainen M Takahashi K Pan G Vanhala E 《The Annals of occupational hygiene》2001,45(2):145-152
Ten chrysotile bulk samples originating from six Chinese chrysotile mines were studied for amphibole fibres. Five of the mines operate on ultramafic rocks whereas one exploits a dolomite-hosted deposit. The asbestos fibre content in lung tissue was examined from seven deceased workers of the Shenyang asbestos plant using these raw materials. The bulk samples were pretreated with acid/alkali-digestion, and thereafter, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, X-ray microanalysis, selected area electron diffraction and X-ray powder diffractometry were used to identify the minerals. Sample preparation of lung tissue involved drying and low-temperature ashing.All of the bulk samples contained amphibole fibres as an impurity. The amphibole asbestos contents were between 0.002 and 0.310 w-%. Tremolite fibres were detected in every sample but anthophyllite fibres were present only in the sample originating from the dolomite-hosted deposit. In comparison, anthophyllite (71%), tremolite (9%) and chrysotile (10%) were the main fibre types in the lung tissue samples indicating faster pulmonary clearance of chrysotile fibres. The total levels ranged from 2.4 to 148.3 million fibres (over 1 microm in length) per gram of dry tissue, and they were consistent with heavy occupational exposure to asbestos. 相似文献
35.
T Paavilainen M Alanen M M?kel? M Routamaa H J?rvinen P Huovinen P Kotilainen 《Infection control and hospital epidemiology》2001,22(6):388-391
A patient with severe burns who was colonized by multiresistant Acinetobacter baumannii was cared for in contact isolation by staff intensively trained on hospital hygiene. Of the 1,907 postexposure cultures from the staff and 425 environmental samples, only 0.7% and 4%, respectively, yielded this microorganism. These data show that strict hygienic measures may limit staff colonization and contamination of the environment byA baumannii. 相似文献
36.
A Hakanen P Kotilainen P Huovinen H Helenius A Siitonen 《Emerging infectious diseases》2001,7(6):996-1003
During 1995 to 1999, we collected 1,210 Salmonella isolates; 629 were from Finnish travelers returning from abroad. These isolates were tested for susceptibility by determining MICs to ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, and seven additional antimicrobial agents. From 1995 to 1999, the annual proportion of reduced ciprofloxacin susceptibility (MIC > 0.125 microg/mL) among all travelers' isolates increased from 3.9% to 23.5% (p<0.001). The increasing trend was outstanding among the isolates from Southeast Asia; isolates from Thailand alone increased from 5.6% to 50.0% (p<0.001). The reduced fluoroquinolone susceptibility was nonclonal in character and significantly associated with multidrug resistance. A point mutation in the quinolone resistance-determining region of gyrA was present in all isolates with reduced susceptibility. These data provide further evidence for the rapid spread of multidrug-resistant pathogens from one continent to another. 相似文献
37.
38.
S. Salmenlinna O. Lyytikäinen P. Kotilainen R. Scotford E. Siren J. Vuopio-Varkila 《European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases》2000,19(2):101-107
This study reports the recent trends in the occurrence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Finland, with special focus on characterization of the strains linked to interhospital epidemics and local outbreaks.
Between 1981 and 1997, the annual number of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolations ranged from 89 to 272. Of all blood isolates of Staphylococcus aureus reported to the National Infectious Disease Register during the period 1995–97 (n=2049), only six were resistant to methicillin. Between 1992 and 1997, typing analysis by various methods (i.e., antibiogram,
phage typing, ribotyping, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis) identified 18 different strains capable of causing intrahospital
outbreaks or interhospital epidemics. These 18 strains were separated into 13 different ribotypes and 14 major pulsed-field
gel electrophoresis types. Multiresistance was investigated as a possible marker for epidemicity. Eight of the ten interhospitally
spread strains were multiresistant compared to only three of the eight intrahospitally spread outbreak strains. More than
one-third of the epidemic and local outbreak strains were suspected to be of foreign origin. The majority (6 of 10) of the
epidemics were localized in southern and western Finland, and the largest epidemic, which occurred in the Helsinki metropolitan
area, involved over 200 persons. Thus far, the epidemics have remained primarily intracity problems, and only two strains
have become endemic. 相似文献
39.
A Hakanen A Siitonen P Kotilainen P Huovinen 《The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy》1999,43(1):145-148
Antimicrobial resistance trends were examined for 811 salmonella isolates from humans collected in Finland during 1995-1997. The material was divided into domestic and foreign isolates according to the origin of infection. A total of 2.3% of the 387 domestic and 7.8% of the 424 foreign isolates were quinolone-resistant (P < 0.001). Among the domestic isolates we detected an emergence of ciprofloxacin resistance (MIC > or = 0.25 mg/L) with the proportion of resistant isolates increasing from 0 to 2.2% (P = 0.2). Among the foreign isolates this increase was even more dramatic, from 2.0% to 8.4% (P = 0.037) during the study period. 相似文献
40.