Ponseti石膏矫形法治疗汉族和维吾尔族先天性马蹄内翻足效果分析

目的评价应用Ponseti石膏矫形疗法治疗汉族和维吾尔族儿童先天性马蹄内翻足（CCF）的疗效,并在新疆推广该方法。方法2009年6月至2013年6月,上海交通大学附属儿童医院骨科收治汉族CCF婴幼儿68例（98足）,其中男45例（62足）,女23例（36足）,年龄10天～13个月（第一组）;2013年1月至10月,新疆喀什地区第二人民医院骨科收治维吾尔族CCF婴幼儿及儿童29例（44足）,其中男18例（26足）,女11例（18足）,年龄7天～27个月,选取其中大于12个月患JL（13~27个月）24例（36足）为第二组。全部病例均接受Ponseti疗法治疗,其中汉族患儿每2周更换石膏固定,维吾尔族患儿每周更换石膏固定。根据Dimeglio分类和功能评价方法评估治疗效果。结果所有病例均获随访3～40个月（平均12±3个月）。根据Dimeglio分类和功能评价方法评估,92例中90例（132足）矫形效果满意,评分达到I级。两组间治疗优良率差异无显著意义（P〉0．05）。每组分别有1例1足残留有轻度前足内收畸形,需进一步治疗。结论Ponseti疗法治疗维吾尔族患儿与汉族患儿CCF可取得同样确切的疗效。只要治疗方法规范,石膏更换频率、30个月龄内起始治疗对疗效无明显影响,均可取得满意疗效。     

Factors affecting nutritional status among pediatric patients with transfusion-dependent beta thalassemia

Malnutrition affects the growth, efficacy of treatments and quality of life in children suffering from thalassemia. This study was conducted to assess the nutritional status of thalassemic patients and to determine the factors involved. Data were obtained from 140 thalassemic patients aged 8–18 years in Mashhad, Iran, on anthropometry, food record and biochemical profile. The prevalence of malnutrition was 44.3 % for boys and 19.6 % for girls, as determined by low body mass index. Furthermore, 44.3 % of boys and 37.7 % of girls were found to be of short stature. Sum of triceps and subscapular skinfold thickness and arm muscle area (AMA) calculation showed the incidence of 7.4 % leanness and 60.7 % wasting among thalassemic children and adolescents. The average of energy intake met 74 % of recommended dietary allowance, although more than 71 % under-reporting was calculated for food records. The intake of energy, macronutrients, zinc, iron and vitamin E was positively correlated (P < 0.05) with anthropometric measures. Age, age at first transfusion, age of starting chelation and serum alkaline phosphatase were considered as positive predictors for nutritional status, whereas puberty, gender and fasting blood sugar as negative predictors. Nutritional status of thalassemic children and adolescents should be monitored, focusing on their nutrition education and supplementation, treatment protocol and control on blood sugar. These may play important roles in enhancing the quality of life in thalassemic children and adolescents.     

P53,Ki-67蛋白在口腔鳞癌中的表达意义及与预后的关系

目的:研究细胞周期相关蛋白P53和核蛋白抗原Ki67在口腔鳞癌组织中的表达及其与预后的相关性,寻找预后判断的有效生物标志物。方法:用免疫组织化学EnVision染色法的方法检测随访资料完整的132例口腔鳞癌患者术后石蜡切片中P53、Ki67蛋白的表达,研究口腔鳞癌组织中P53、Ki67与病理特征的相关性及口腔鳞癌预后的相关性。结果:132例口腔鳞癌标本蛋白检测和统计分析结果表明,P53和Ki-67蛋白在口腔鳞癌中的高表达与患者细胞分化程度,肿瘤T分期和肿瘤原发灶有关(P＜0.05);P53蛋白的表达水平与口腔鳞癌术后生存率呈显著的相关性(P＜0.05);Ki67蛋白的表达水平与口腔鳞癌术后生存时间并无显著的相关性。结论:口腔鳞癌患者癌组织标本的P53表达水平与预后呈正相关,P53有望成为口腔鳞癌预后判断的间接性生物标志物。     

Mental disorders and comorbidity in attempted suicide

The present study examined the prevalence and comorbidity of mental disorders according to DSM-III-R among male and female suicide attempters. A systematic sample of 114 patients from consecutive cases of attempted suicide referred to a general hospital in Helsinki between 1 January and 31 July 1990 was interviewed. In 98% of the cases at least one Axis I diagnosis was made. Depressive syndromes were more common among females (85%) than males (64%), and alcohol dependence was more common among males (64%) than females (21%). A high proportion of suicide attempters (82%) suffered from comorbid mental disorders. Comorbidity appears to play an important role in parasuicide.     

Prevalence and persistence of Chlamydia pneumoniae antibodies in healthy laboratory personnel in Finland

The rates of Chlamydia pneumoniae seroconversions suggesting acute primary infections or reinfections and the prevalences of antibodies were followed up among healthy laboratory workers. Annual serum samples were collected from 47 persons in Helsinki from 1958 to 1990 and from 40 persons in Oulu from 1994 to 1999. C. pneumoniae species-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgA, and IgM antibodies were measured by microimmunofluorescence (MIF) in 407 sera from Helsinki. The 185 sera collected in Oulu were tested both by MIF and by commercial enzyme immunoassay (EIA). During the follow-up periods of 31 years in Helsinki and 6 years in Oulu, seroconversions were demonstrated by MIF in 45% and 15% of the study groups, respectively. In Helsinki 9% of the persons seroconverted twice during the follow-up period. By MIF, the total incidence rate per 100 person-years at risk was 6.9 in Helsinki and 4.9 in Oulu, and annual incidence rates varied from 0 to 15.4. By EIA, annual incidence rates in Oulu varied from 0 to 10.8. The seroconversions by MIF were usually not confirmed by EIA and vice versa. Prevalence and persistence rates, respectively, of IgA antibodies were higher in EIA (62% and 26%) than in MIF (26% and 17%), whereas the figures for IgG were quite similar. The prevalence of IgG and IgA antibodies was higher in older persons than in younger ones. The presence of antibodies did not offer protection from reinfection.     

Inter-esterified palm products as alternatives to hydrogenation

Inter-esterification is one of the processes used to modify the physico-chemical characteristics of oils and fats. Inter-esterification is an acyl-rearrangement reaction on the glycerol molecule. On the other hand, hydrogenation involves addition of hydrogen to the double bonds of unsaturated fatty acids. Due to health implications of trans fatty acids, which are formed during hydrogenation, the industry needs to find alternatives to hydrogenated fats. This paper discusses some applications of inter-esterified fats, with particular reference to inter-esterified palm products, as alternatives to hydrogenation. Some physico-chemical properties of inter-esterified fats used in shortenings are discussed. With inter-esterification, more palm stearin can be incorporated in vanaspati. For confectionary fats and infant formulations, enzymatic inter-esterification has been employed.