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31.
Devin B. Gillaspie Kimberly A. Davis Kevin M. Schuster 《American journal of surgery》2019,217(1):98-102
Background
We hypothesized that trends in total bilirubin in the context of cholecystitis and symptomatic cholelithiasis could be used to guide testing for the presence of common bile duct stones (CBDS).Methods
A review of adult patients with acute cholecystitis or biliary colic with elevated total bilirubin and at least two levels drawn prior to procedural intervention was performed. Trends of total bilirubin and other serum makers were examined to predict the presence of CBDS.Results
The total bilirubin level at presentation, average over 24?h and average over 48?h (3.74?mg/dl vs. 2.29?mg/dl, p?=?0.005; 3.72?mg/dl vs. 2.40?mg/dl, p?=?0.009; 2.41?mg/dl vs. 1.47?mg/dl, p?<?0.001) respectively, were all higher in those with CBDS. However, prediction was not improved by following levels over time.Conclusion
Patients presenting with elevated serum bilirubin, should undergo immediate imaging or procedural intervention rather than obtaining follow-up bilirubin levels. 相似文献32.
B. Kowall N. Lehmann A.A. Mahabadi S. Moebus R. Erbel K.H. Jöckel A. Stang 《Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD》2019,29(3):228-235
Background and aims
There is controversy on the potentially benign nature of metabolically healthy obesity (MHO), i.e., obese persons with few or no metabolic abnormalities. So far, associations between MHO and coronary artery calcification (CAC), a measure of subclinical atherosclerosis, have mainly been studied cross-sectionally in Asian populations. We assessed cross-sectional and longitudinal MHO CAC associations in a Caucasian population.Methods and results
In the Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study, a population-based cohort study in Germany, CAC was assessed by electron-beam tomography at baseline and at 5-year follow-up. For cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, we included 1585 participants free of coronary heart disease at baseline, with CAC measurements at baseline and at follow-up, and with either normal weight (BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m2) or obesity (BMI ≥30.0 kg/m2) at baseline. We used four definitions of MHO. In our main analysis, we defined obese persons as metabolically healthy if they met ≤1 of the NCEP ATP III criteria for the definition of the metabolic syndrome – waist circumference was not taken into account because of collinearity with BMI.Persons with MHO had a higher prevalence of CAC than metabolically healthy normal weight (MHNW) persons (prevalence ratio = 1.59 (95% confidence interval 1.38–1.84) for the main analysis). Persons with MHO had slightly larger odds of CAC progression than persons with MHNW (odds ratios ranged from 1.17 (0.69–1.99) to 1.48 (1.02–2.13) depending on MHO definition and statistical approach).Conclusion
Our analyses on MHO CAC associations add to the evidence that MHO is not a purely benign health condition. 相似文献33.
34.
M. Corral-Blanco V.C. Prudencio-Ribera M.E. Jarrín-Estupiñán R. Alonso-Moralejo V. Pérez-González J.C. Meneses-Pardo A. Hermira-Anchuelo A. De Pablo-Gafas 《Transplantation proceedings》2019,51(2):380-382
Background
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a comorbidity associated with interstitial lung disease (ILD). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of PH on intrahospital mortality in lung transplantation (LT) for ILD.Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 66 patients who underwent LT for ILD at the 12 de Octubre University Hospital (Madrid, Spain) from October 2008 to June 2014. PH was defined as mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) ≥25 mmHg on right-sided heart catheterization and intrahospital mortality as any death taken place after the transplantation of patients not being discharged.Results
We retrospectively analyzed data of 66 patients; they were stratified by the presence or absence of PH before LT. Twenty-seven patients (41%) had PH. The PH group had a lower diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide (DLCO), carbon monoxide transfer coefficient (KCO), and 6-minute walk distance test (6MWT) and a higher total lung capacity (TLC), modified medical research council dyspnea scale (mMRC), and lung allocation score (LAS) than the non-PH group. Patients with PH more often underwent double lung transplantation (DLT; 59%) than single lung transplantation (SLT).Intrahospital mortality was 13% (9/66). No significant differences were observed in Kaplan-Meier survival curves for the PH and non-PH groups with a median survival time of 46 days versus 33 days (IQR 26–74; log-rank P = .056); however, the postoperative length of stay in the hospital was greater in the PH group.Conclusions
In our cohort, pulmonary hypertension was not related to early mortality in lung transplantation recipients for interstitial lung diseases. 相似文献35.
Amgad El Mekabaty Monica S. Pearl Bommy Mershon Ivor Berkowitz Philippe Gailloud Thierry A.G.M. Huisman 《Journal of neuroradiology. Journal de neuroradiologie》2019,46(3):214-221
Background and purpose
The vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation (VGAM) is a rare congenital vascular malformation with a higher morbidity and mortality, especially in neonates. Ultrasound, CT and MR are usually used in diagnosis and treatment monitoring of these disorders. In this current study, we aim to examine utility of SWI in evaluation of treatment response in infants with VGAM.Materials and methods
We performed a retrospective chart analysis of children with VGAM in our institution between January 2008 and December 2016. Inclusion criteria included; confirmed VGAM on DSA; available SWI sequence at baseline and at follow up after at least a single embolization session; age at initial MR of 18?years or younger. Signal intensity and Angioarchitecture of VGAM and cerebral veins on SWI, as well as hydrocephalus and clinical outcome were evaluated.Results
Of 11 patients identified with VGAM in our institution, 5 children (3 males and 2 females) satisfied the inclusion criteria. The average age at initial MR was 29?days (range 1–120). Fourteen MRI were available for review. All children had VGAM of mural type. Intramedullary veins were dilated and SWI-hypointense in all children, while subependymal and sulcal veins were dilated and SWI-hypointense in 4 patients on initial MRI. On the first available follow up MRI, cerebral veins have mostly normalized in 4 children and remained mostly dilated and SWI-hypointense in 1 child; even after complete treatment of the VGAM.Conclusion
Our preliminary findings show that SWI seems to offer a beneficial non-invasive tool in evaluating passive venous congestion patterns in pediatric patients with VGAM. It remains to be determined in larger studies, the clinical significance of these SWI changes. 相似文献36.
37.
Peyman Sardari Nia Jean H.T. Daemen Jos G. Maessen 《The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery》2019,157(4):1567-1574
Objectives
The aim of this study was to develop a high-fidelity minimally invasive mitral valve surgery (MIMVS) simulator.Methods
The process of industrial serial design was applied based on pre-set requirements, acquired by interviewing experienced mitral surgeons. A thoracic torso with endoscopic and robotic access and disposable silicone mitral valve apparatus with a feedback system was developed. The feedback system was based on 4 cameras around the silicone valve and an edge detection algorithm to calculate suture depth and width. Validity of simulator measurements was assessed by comparing simulator-generated values with measurements done manually on 3-dimensional reconstructed micro-computed tomography scan of the same sutures. Independent surgeons tested the simulator between 2014 and 2018, whereupon an evaluation was done through a questionnaire.Results
The feedback system was able to provide width and depth measurements, which were subsequently scored by comparison to pre-set target values. Depth did not significantly differ between simulator and micro-computed tomography scan measurements (P = .139). Width differed significantly (P = .001), whereupon a significant regression equation was found (P < .0001) to calibrate the simulator. After calibration, no significant difference was found (P = .865). In total, 99 surgeons tested the simulator and more than agreed with the statements that the simulator is a good method for training MIMVS, and that the mitral valve and suture placement looked and felt realistic.Conclusions
We successfully developed a high-fidelity MIMVS simulator for endoscopic and robotic approaches. The simulator provides a platform to train skills in an objective and reproducible manner. Future studies are needed to provide evidence for its application in training surgeons. 相似文献38.
Efstathios T. Pavlidis 《Journal of investigative surgery》2019,32(2):137-142
Purpose/aim: To focus on current aspects of primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL), which is a rare clinical entity usually manifested by a rapidly growing mass in the neck that can cause pressure symptoms.
Materials and Methods: Relevant papers in PubMed published through June 2017 were selected to track updated information about PTL with an emphasis on diagnosis and novel therapeutic management.
Results: The most frequent cases include non-Hodgkin lymphoma derived from B-cells, mainly diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) followed by mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma or a mixed type. Other subtypes are less common. Lymphomas derived from T-cells and Hodgkin lymphomas are extremely rare. Hashimoto's autoimmune thyroiditis has been implicated as a risk factor for lymphoma. At the molecular level, the Wnt5a protein and its receptor Ror2 are involved in the course of the disease. Ultrasonography, fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy, and core or open biopsy combined with new diagnostic facilities contribute to an accurate diagnosis. An increased potential exists for a cure without the need for a radical surgical procedure. Modern chemoradiation therapy plus the monoclonal antibody rituximab, which acts against CD20, have limited the need for surgical interventions and provide an excellent outcome in most cases. However, some cases have resulted in treatment failure or recurrence.
Conclusions: A multidisciplinary approach must be used to define the management policy in each case. Future efforts by researchers are likely to be focused on the molecular level. 相似文献
39.
Chancellor F. Gray Hernan A. Prieto Justin T. Deen Hari K. Parvataneni 《The Journal of arthroplasty》2019,34(2):206-210
Background
Revision total joint arthroplasty (TJA) is associated with increased readmissions, complications, and expense compared to primary TJA. Bundled payment methods have been used to improve value of care in primary TJA, but little is known of their impact in revision TJA patients. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of a care redesign for a bundled payment model for primary TJA on quality metrics for revision patients, despite absence of a targeted intervention for revisions.Methods
We compared quality metrics for all revision TJA patients including readmission rate, use of post–acute care facility after discharge, length of stay, and cost, between the year leading up to the redesign and the 2 years following its implementation. Changes in the primary TJA group over the same time period were also assessed for comparison.Results
Despite a volume increase of 37% over the study period, readmissions declined from 8.9% to 5.8%. Use of post–acute care facilities decreased from 42% to 24%. Length of stay went from 4.84 to 3.92 days. Cost of the hospital episode declined by 5%.Conclusion
Our health system experienced a halo effect from our bundled payment-influenced care redesign, with revision TJA patients experiencing notable improvements in several quality metrics, though not as pronounced as in the primary TJA population. These changes benefitted the patients, the health system, and the payers. We attribute these positive changes to an altered institutional mindset, resulting from an invested and aligned care team, with active physician oversight over the care episode. 相似文献40.
Lindsay A. Weiner Adam C. Richardson Semhar Z. Tewelde 《The Journal of emergency medicine》2019,56(4):e43-e46