冠心病合并贫血患者中涂层可降解药物洗脱支架与第二代永久涂层药物洗脱支架的有效性和安全性比较

目的:在冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病)合并贫血的患者中,比较涂层可降解药物洗脱支架(BP-DES)与第二代永久涂层药物洗脱支架(DP-DES)的有效性和安全性。方法:2013-01至2013-12连续入选10 724例在阜外医院行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)的冠心病患者。贫血定义为介入术前血红蛋白男性130 g/L,女性120 g/L。最终纳入965例贫血患者,201例纳入BP-DES组,764例纳入DP-DES组;同时还对两组患者各201例进行了倾向性评分匹配分析。安全性终点为术后2年心原性死亡、心肌梗死和支架内血栓的复合终点构成的主要心血管不良事件(MACE);有效性终点为靶病变重建和靶血管重建。结果:(1)BP-DES组术后2年MACE(5.0%vs 2.0%,P=0.02)、靶血管重建(6.5%vs 3.0%,P=0.02)和靶病变重建(6.0%vs 1.8%,P0.01)的发生率均高于DP-DES组。(2)倾向性评分匹配后两组间MACE的发生率不再有显著差异(P=0.30);BP-DES组靶病变重建的发生率仍高于DP-DES组(P=0.04),靶血管重建的发生率有高于DP-DES组的趋势,统计学意义处于临界水平(P=0.05)。(3)多因素Cox回归分析显示,置入BP-DES是靶病变重建的独立危险因素(HR=2.81,95%CI:1.24~6.38,P=0.01),但不是靶血管重建(P=0.12)或MACE(P=0.13)的独立危险因素。结论:在冠心病合并贫血的患者中,BP-DES与第二代DP-DES的安全性无显著差异,但BP-DES的靶病变重建风险更高。     

评价多重连接探针扩增法诊断染色体22q11.2微缺失结果研究

目的 对多重连接探针扩增(multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification,MLPA)诊断染色体22q11.2微缺失结果进行评价.方法 应用MLPA及荧光原位杂交(fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH)两种方法分别检测了32份儿童(男16例,女16例;年龄1～13岁,平均3.6±3.1岁)血样本,其中16例为染色体22q11.2微缺失患儿组(阳性对照组),16名为体检正常儿童组(阴性对照组).采用灵敏度、特异度及Kappa分析来评估结果.结果 MLPA检测32份样本中,16例阳性对照样本均有染色体22q11.2微缺失,且缺失片段长度约3-Mb;16名对照样本中未发现22号染色体缺失.FISH证实16例22q11.2微缺失患儿均存在缺失,16名对照样本不存在缺失.因此,MLPA诊断染色体22q11.2微缺失的灵敏度及特异度高.结论 MLPA是一种快速、可靠、高通量及相对经济的诊断染色体22q11.2微缺失的有效方法,弥补了FISH技术的不足,可用于临床实验室快速诊断染色体22q11.2微缺失,具有较高的临床诊断价值.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) assay detection in analysis of chromosome 22q11.2 microdeletion. Methods Between March 2008 and September 2009, thirty-two patients including 10 males and 16 females aged between years (3.6±3.1) were selected and evaluated by history, physical examination and medical records. Of these patients, sixteen patients who were previous diagnostic as 22q11.2 microdeletion were in positive control group, the other 16 healthy children were in negative control group. All the patients were detected by MLPA and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for the presence of a 22q1 1.2 microdeletion after informed consent. Diagnostic efficacy was assessed by sensitivity, specificity and Kappa analysis. Results We have applied the two assays of detection of chromosome 22q11.2 microdeletion in 32 patients. Sixteen patients in positive control group were found to have a 22q11. 2 deletion and, with the deletion size of 3-Mb. However, as expected,chromosome 22q11.2 deletion was not found in negative control group. The MLPA results were in good agreement with that by FISH. Therefore, MLPA has high sensitivity and specificity. Conclusion MLPA is a rapid, reliable, high-throughput and relatively economical alternative to FISH technology for the diagnosis of 22q11.2 microdeletion. It can provide reliable and helpful information for clinical diagnosis of 22q11.2 microdeletion syndrome.     

2010欧洲心脏病学会年会会议报道

2010年8月28日-9月1日,欧洲心脏病学会(ESC)2010年会在瑞典首都斯德哥尔摩召开,有超过150个国家的2.5万名医生参会,ESC已成为心血管领域最大规模的学术会议.本届主题是"冠状动脉疾病:从基因到转归",公布了一些重要的临床研究结果,发布了4项新指南.     

肝硬化患者睡眠障碍的护理研究

目的 探讨肝硬化患者睡眠障碍的护理效果.方法 选取本院存在睡眠障碍的肝硬化患者88例随机分为两组,常规护理患者44例为对照组,护理干预患者44例为观察组,两组患者于护理前后行睡眠状况自评量表评分,比较睡眠改善情况.结果 护理后,两组患者睡眠状况自评量表评分均明显降低.观察组患者睡眠状况自评量表评分明显低于对照组,观察组睡眠时间明显小于对照组,观察组入睡困难发生率、睡眠不稳发生率、早醒发生率均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 护理干预可明显改善肝硬化患者的睡眠障碍,提高患者的睡眠质量.     

含乌司他丁肺保护液在心肺转流术中的肺保护作用

目的 评价在先心病伴肺动脉高压患儿心肺转流术期间,从肺动脉灌注含乌司他丁的低温肺保护液对肺脏的保护作用.方法 选择2005-09-2006-12浙江大学医学院附属儿章医院心胸外科收治的左向右分流先心病伴中重度肺动脉高压的患儿54例,中重度肺动脉高压以肺动脉收缩压/体循环收缩压>0.45为标准,手术前有感染征像(白细胞>12 000/μL,体温>38℃,C-反应蛋白>8mg/L)、过敏史者除外.采用抽签法随机分为三组,各18例,A组为对照组(术中未给予肺保护液),B组在术中经肺动脉灌注不含乌司他丁的低温肺保护液,C组在术中经肺动脉灌注含乌司他丁的低温肺保护液.在开胸后及回ICU后0 h,3 h,6 h,24 h(T1～5)五个时点抽取桡动脉血样,测定血浆丙二醛(MDA)、髓过氧化物酶(MPO)浓度;在T1～4计算肺泡-动脉氧分压差(A-aDO2)、肺动态顺应性(Cd).记录呼吸机辅助通气时间.采用SPSS 12.0统计软件对计量指标进行统计分析,资料以均数±标准差(x±s)表示,组间比较用单因素方差分析,组间两两比较用LSD法检验,以P<0.05为差异具有统计学意义.结果 三组患儿回ICU后各时点(T2-5)MDA、MPO值均较T1升高;与A组相比:B组在T4时点MDA、MPO[分别为(7.66±1.42)pg/mL,(194.2±35.41)U/L]显著降低(P<0.05),组C在T3-T5时点MDA[分别为(5.37±1.01)pg/mL,(7.52±0.98)pg/mL,(6.22±0.83)pg/mL]及在T4时点MPO(184.2±35.41)U/L均显著降低;两干预组(B组和C组)各时间点MDA和MPO差异无统计学意义.三组术后A-aDO2升高;与A组相比:B组与C组在T3、T4时点小,但C组在T4时点A-aDO2(72.9±23.94)mmHg较组B(89.2±24.28)mmHg低,差异具有统计学意义.三组术后Cd降低;与A组相比:B组在T3时点[(0.57±0.16)mL·cmH2O-1·kg-1]、C组在T3和T4时点[(0.56 ±0.12)mL·cmH2O-1·kg-1,(0.60±0.11)mL·cmH2O-1·kg-1]高;B组与C组在T4时点Cd差异具有统计学意义.B组与C组呼吸机通气时间较A组短,但两干预组之间差异无统计学意义.结论 低温肺保护液可减轻体外循环对肺的损伤,改善术后早期肺功能,肺保护液中加入乌司他丁对肺脏的保护作用更具有显著性.     

新生儿呼吸机相关性肺炎护理研究

目的探讨新生儿呼吸机相关性肺炎护理方法。方法选取该院机械通气的新生儿137例,随机分为两组,采用常规护理患儿68例为对照组,采用护理干预患儿69例为观察组,比较两组患儿的护理效果。结果观察组呼吸机相关性肺炎发生率（2.9%）明显低于对照组（13.2%）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论有效的护理干预可明显降低新生儿呼吸机相关性肺炎的发生率。     

凋亡抑制蛋白Livin、细胞凋亡与肿瘤治疗

Livin是凋亡抑制蛋白家族的新成员,主要通过抑制Caspases蛋白发挥抑制细胞凋亡的作用,主要在胎盘组织中表达,同时在一些肿瘤组织中呈高表达,尤其是在黑色素瘤细胞系表达水平最高.研究表明,Livin与肿瘤的发生、发展关系密切,是一个有潜在价值的肿瘤标志物,此外,反义Livin以及Livin活性抑制物的研究有望成为肿瘤治疗的新靶点.     

含乌司他丁肺保护液在心肺转流术中的肺保护作用

Objective To evaluate protective effects of hypothermic pulmonary protective solution with uli-nastatin on lung function during cardiopulmouary bypass (CPB) in the patients with congenital heart disease(CHD) and pulmonary hypertenion. Method Fifty-four children,who had CHD of left-to-fight shunts with moderate-se-rious pulmonary hypertension, were enrolled. They had been performed with the radical operation under CPB from September 2005 to December 2006 in the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Children' s Hospital of Zhejiang University. Moderate-serious pulmonary hypertension was defined as pulmonary-to-systolic pressure ratio > 0.45(Pp/Ps > 0.45). Fifty-four children were randomly divided into three groups. Patients in group A (n = 18)didn't receive pulmonary protective solution, and scrved as control; patients in group B (n = 18) were adminis-tered with pulmonary protective solution without ulinastatin;patients in group C (n = 18) were administered with pulmonary protective solution with ulinastatin. The serum concentrations of MDA and MPO were measured at five different time points:pre-operation, 0 h, 3 h, 6 h and 24 h in the intensive care unit (ICU) (T1～5). Patients'lung functions were monitored at T1 - T4. The time of mechanical ventilation was recorded. Results No one died in this study. The mean time of mechanical ventilation was shorter in the group B and group C than that in the group A. The MDA and MPO levels were lower in group B compared with group A at T4. The MDA level at T3-T5 and the MPO level at T4 was lower in group C than those in group A. There were no significant in MDA and MPO levels between group B and group C at five time point.A-aDO2 was lower in groups B and C than those in group A at T3 and T4, whereas at T4, A-aDO2 was lower in group C than that in group B. Cdyn was higher in group B at T3and group C at T3 - T4 than those in group A. Cdyn was lower in groups C than that in group B at T4.Condusions Lung perfusion with hypothermic protective solution during CPB can all lung injury and promote recovery after operation, especialy with ulinastatin.     

早期介入运动疗法对脑卒中患者功能恢复的疗效评估

目的:探讨急性脑卒中患者早期运动治疗的重要性及其对疾病恢复的影响。方法:将50例病情稳定在1周内的急性脑卒中患者按照随机排列表分为康复组和对照组,各25例。两组药物治疗相同,康复组由专业治疗师给予系统的连续30d训练。采用临床神经功能缺损评分表、简式Fugl-Meyer评分表和改良Barthel指数,在入组时、入组后30d进行评估,评估由康复医师在不知评估对象的组别情况下进行。结果:两组病例在入选时按临床神经功能缺损评分、Fugl-Meyer评分、Barthel指数评分进行统计分析,t值分别为0.076,0.1702,0.625,P均>0.05,入选时两组差异无显著性意义。入选30d后,临床神经功能缺损评分:康复组为9.80±4.25,对照组为18.48±9.89,t=4.0316,P<0.01;Fugl-Meyer评分:康复组为72.12±22.34,对照组为49.12±17.69,t=4.0357,P<0.01;Barthel指数评分:康复组为76.00±20.18,对照组为45.20±16.43,t=5.9179,P<0.01。结论:早期运动治疗对脑卒中患者促进功能恢复疗效明显。     

中国介入心脏病学大会(CIT)2008会议报道

由中华医学会、中华医学会心血管病学分会、中国介入心脏病学大会理事会、CRF/TCT、EuroPCR、CCT和拉丁美洲介入心脏病学会(SOLACI)联合主办、中国工程院医药卫生学部、阜外心血管病医院等多个单位协办的"中国介入心脏病学大会(CIT)2008"于2008-03-19至2008-03-23在北京国际会议中心召开.