全反式视黄酸对诱导为神经元样细胞的脐带间充质干细胞分化和凋亡的影响

Objective To evaluate the role of different concentration of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)on the morphology,proliferation and apoptosis in inducing umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) into neuron-like cells in vitro,and screen the optimal concentration of ATRA.Methods It was an experimental study.The third passage of MSC was placed in 24-well cell culture plates at a density of 1×104/well.After the adherent of cells,the medium was changed to DMEM/F-12 containing different concentration of ATRA(0.25 μmol/L,0.5 μmol/L,1.0 μmol/L,2.0 μmol/L,4.0 μmol/L)for 24 h respectively.The cells cultured without ATRA were taken as the coutrol group.After another 24 h,the morphologic changes of induced cells were observed by inverted microscope and cell proliferation,apoptosis of ATRA was analyzed using the MTT colorimetric assay.We take another control group and ATRA groups to detect the apoptotic and positive stained percentage of induced cells by Annexin V-FITC/PI combining flow cytometry.The optimal concentration of ATRA was determined by all the above-mentioned index.According to the nature of the material,analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed for absorption value and apoptosis rate in different concentration of ATRA for 24 h,t test for further comparision between two groups.T-test were also used between the positive expression of induced neuron-like cells and the control group.Results Compared to the control group,ATRA at the concentration of 0.25 μmoL/L did not inhibit the proliferation of umbilical cord MSC obviously(t=0.72.1.32,P>0.05).Part of MSC wele floating instantly at the moment of adding ATRA of 4.0 μmoL/L and no adherent cells were observed after 24 h'culture.Exposed to ATRA at the concentration of≥1.0 μmol/L for 24 h,the proliferation of MSC were significantly inhibited,showing a dose-dependent manner(t=8.8,18.9,22.1;P<0.01).0.5 μmol/L of ATRA did not affect the proliferation of cells and its moephology remained normal;1.0 μmol/L of ATRA affected very few cells;but 2.0 μmoL/L of ATRA cultured for 24 h inhibited the proliferation of cells obviously than 1 h.and the cells increased in size and became flattened.Flow cytometry showed that the rate of apoptosis between the control group and≥1.0 μmol/L groups were significantly different(t=9.88,19.95,31.61;P<0.01).Conclusion In the process of inducing umbilical cord MSC into neuron-like cells,0.5 μmol/L ATRA was the optical concentration.≥1.0 μmol/L ATRA can inhibit the cell proliferation,increase the apoptosis of cells significantly and caused obvious damages.     

塞来昔布对糖尿病大鼠视网膜组织生长相关基因的影响

目的:使用选择性环氧合酶-2(COX-2)抑制剂塞来昔布对实验性糖尿病大鼠视网膜生长相关基因(GRO-α)影响。方法:40只SD雄性大鼠随机分为4组,即正常组、糖尿病组、糖尿病+蒸馏水灌胃组、糖尿病+塞来昔布灌胃组,每组10只。通过腹腔注射1%链脲佐菌素(STZ)建立糖尿病动物模型,饲养3月后,处死大鼠取视网膜,HE染色观察视网膜形态学变化,SYBR荧光实时定量PCR检测视网膜组织中COX-2、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、GRO-α mRNA的表达变化,Western blot检测大鼠视网膜中COX-2、VEGF、GRO-α蛋白的表达变化。结果:3月后,COX-2、VEGF、GRO-α mRNA和蛋白质在糖尿病组和糖尿病+蒸馏水灌胃组表达最多,糖尿病+塞来昔布灌胃组表达多于正常组,而少于糖尿病组和糖尿病+蒸馏水灌胃组,组间两两比较,糖尿病组和糖尿病+蒸馏水灌胃组无统计学差异(P=0.121),其余各组间比较均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:塞来昔布可能可以通过抑制糖尿病视网膜GRO-α mRNA及蛋白的表达来抑制糖尿病视网膜组织VEGF的表达。     

二十二碳六烯酸对视网膜光感受器细胞超微结构影响的实验研究

目的观察二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）对大鼠视网膜光感受器细胞超微结构的影响。方法 14只雌性SD大鼠随机分成正常组、造模组、DHA组,灌胃15d后造模,分别在造模后12h、24h和48h处死动物,取眼球行电镜观察。结果腹腔内注射一定量的MNU可以明显损伤视网膜光感受器细胞的超微结构。而DHA可抑制MNU对视网膜光感受器细胞超微结构的损伤。结论 DHA对视网膜光感受器细胞有较好的保护作用,有望成为一种延缓视网膜色素变性病程进展的有效药物。     

5-羟色胺转运体基因第二内含子多态性与自杀未遂的关联分析

目的探讨5-羟色胺转运体（5-HTT）基因第二内含子多态性（5-HTFVNTR）与自杀未遂的相关性。方法运用聚合酶链反应技术（PCR）检测71例自杀未遂患者（患者组）和80名健康对照者（对照组）5-HTTVNTR的三种基因型及等位基因分布频率。结果自杀未遂组第二内含子基因型及等位基因分布频率与正常对照组之间（基因型10／10：5 VS 7；基因型10／12：29 VS 31；基因型12／12：37 VS 42；等位基因10：39 VS 45；等位基因12：103 VS 115）差异无显著性（X^2=0．181，P=0．914；X^2=0．016，P=0．898）。结论汉族人群中5-HTT基因第二内含子多态性与自杀未遂没有明显相关性。     

助手照明四切口双手操作玻璃体切割手术

目的:评估助手照明四切口双手操作玻璃体切割手术的临床应用效果。方法:对本院53例需行双手操作法玻璃体切割手术患者行助手照明下四切口双手操作玻璃体切割手术,术后随访6-16月,平均13.2月,对手术效果及术中、术后并发症进行评估。结果:53例患者中术后视网膜成功复位51例(96.2%),未复位2例(3.8%);53例中发生医源性视网膜裂孔1例(1.9%),术中玻璃体出血8例(15%);53例术中均未发生巩膜切口并发症;视网膜复位的51例中6例发生复发性视网膜脱离(12%),但均与巩膜切口无关。结论:助手照明四切口双手操作玻璃体切割手术术中、术后未发现明显的并发症,且具有较多术中操作优势,故有较大的临床应用前景。     

重庆市大学生自杀未遂及相关因素分析

目的了解重庆市大学生自杀未遂的特征、发生率及其危险因素。方法采用北京回龙观医院北京心理危机研究与干预中心提供的《自杀态度与心理健康状况问卷(大学版-Ⅳ)》在重庆市随机抽取的11所大学中调查了9808名大学生,了解自杀未遂发生情况及相关因素,并通过多因素logistic模型分析其危险因素。结果大学生自杀未遂报告率为1.7%(169/9808),男女性别构成比为1∶1.8;多因素logistic回归分析显示,其危险因素排列为:近一年感到绝望的频率高(OR=4.2,95%CI:3.1～5.9)、一级亲属有过自杀行为(OR=2.8,95%CI:1.7～4.7)、认识的人有过自杀行为(OR=2.8,95%CI:2.1～3.9)、已发生性行为(OR=2.7,95%CI:1.9～3.9)、近1个月心理问题对学习及日常生活的影响(OR=2.5,95%CI:1.8～3.6)、女性(OR=2.5,95%CI:1.8～3.5)、其他血缘关系亲属有自杀行为(OR=2.4,95%CI:1.6～3.4),P值均小于0.001。结论大学生自杀现象并不罕见,应在高校制定和执行有针对性的自杀预防计划。     

氩激光和／或Hd：YAG激光重开滤过道

1996年至 1998年我们对青光眼滤过性手术失败的病例进行房角检查 ,发现有些病例因滤过内口堵塞造成手术失败 ,经激光治疗后眼压恢复正常 ,现报告如下。资料与方法1 临床资料　 5例患者 ,女性 3例 ,男性 2例 ;年龄 5 0～73岁 ,平均 5 8 6岁。左眼 4例 ,右眼 1例。慢性闭角型青光眼 4例 ,急性闭角型青光眼 1例。全部病例抗青光眼手术 (2例采用经典小梁切除法 ,3例采用垂直于角膜缘的条形深层巩膜和小梁切除法[1] )后均有滤过泡形成 ,术后 3～ 7个月滤过泡消失 ,眼压回升至 2 4 3～ 31 6ｍｍＨｇ(1ｍｍＨｇ =0 133ｋＰａ)。房角镜检查 :透明膜…