单节段棘突间Coflex动态固定系统与后路椎间植骨融合术治疗腰椎间盘退行性变的疗效比较

[目的]对Coflex棘突间动态固定系统在治疗腰椎间盘退行性变中的应用进行短期疗效评价,比较其与PLIF传统方法疗效差异。[方法]回顾性分析2008年12月～2010年4月采用Coflex动态固定系统治疗腰椎间盘退行性变的病例28例,男性13例,女性15例;年龄48～69岁,平均56.7岁。病史10～54个月,平均20.4个月。随访12～22个月。后路椎间植骨融合术:32例患者,男性14例,女性18例;年龄46～72岁,平均60.8岁。通过VAS评分、Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)和影像学分析来评价其疗效。[结果]与PLIF组相比,Coflex组术前及末次随访VAS腰痛评分、术前及末次随访ODI、术前手术节段及上邻节段ROM差异无统计学意义。Coflex组末次随访手术节段ROM较PLIF组大,差异具有统计学意义。Coflex组末次随访手术上邻节段ROM较PLIF组小,差异具有统计学意义。[结论]Coflex在治疗腰椎间盘退行性变中,对维持脊柱单元运动稳定性、缓解腰椎间盘突出症的根性症状具有积极的作用。     

导航下与传统方法应用动力髋螺钉治疗老年股骨转子间骨折的疗效比较

Objective To compare the navigational and traditional dynamic hip screw (DHS) fix-ations in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients. Methods A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the elderly patients with intertrochanterie fracture who had been treated in our de-partment from April 2005 to April 2007 and whose clinical data were complete. Enrolled in the present study were 25 cases that had received navigational DHS fixation and 31 cases who had received traditional DHS fixation. In navigational group, there were 10 males and 15 females, with an average age of 82. 1 years. They were 14 eases of Evans type Ⅰ and 11 Evans type Ⅱ. In traditional group, there were 12 males and 19 fe-males, with an average age of 82. 8 years. They were 16 cases of Evans type Ⅰ and 15 Evans type Ⅱ. The 2 groups were compared in incision length, operation time, bleeding volume, X-ray exposure time, bed-ridden time, medical and implant complications, and one-year functional recovery. Results In navigational group, 23 patients were followed for 11 to 20 (average, 14) months and 2 were lost. In traditional group, 30 patients were followed up for 14 to 23 (average, 18) months and 1 died from cardiovascular disease within 1 year. Compared with traditional group, navigational group had a smaller incision, less blood loss, shorter bed-ridden time and less X-ray exposure time, a higher rate of fracture healing at 3 months, with statistically significant differences (P <0.05). The Harris hip function scores at postoperative 1 year were of no significant difference between the 2 groups (P > 0.05) . In navigational group there were 3 medical and 1 implant complications. In traditional group there were 9 medical and 5 implant complications. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion In the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures for the elderly patients, the navigational DHS fixation is superior to traditional DHS fixation due to its ad-vantages of smaller incision, less blood loss, shorter bed-ridden time, faster fracture healing and betterfunctional recovery.     

导航下与传统方法应用动力髋螺钉治疗老年股骨转子间骨折的疗效比较

Objective To compare the navigational and traditional dynamic hip screw (DHS) fix-ations in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients. Methods A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the elderly patients with intertrochanterie fracture who had been treated in our de-partment from April 2005 to April 2007 and whose clinical data were complete. Enrolled in the present study were 25 cases that had received navigational DHS fixation and 31 cases who had received traditional DHS fixation. In navigational group, there were 10 males and 15 females, with an average age of 82. 1 years. They were 14 eases of Evans type Ⅰ and 11 Evans type Ⅱ. In traditional group, there were 12 males and 19 fe-males, with an average age of 82. 8 years. They were 16 cases of Evans type Ⅰ and 15 Evans type Ⅱ. The 2 groups were compared in incision length, operation time, bleeding volume, X-ray exposure time, bed-ridden time, medical and implant complications, and one-year functional recovery. Results In navigational group, 23 patients were followed for 11 to 20 (average, 14) months and 2 were lost. In traditional group, 30 patients were followed up for 14 to 23 (average, 18) months and 1 died from cardiovascular disease within 1 year. Compared with traditional group, navigational group had a smaller incision, less blood loss, shorter bed-ridden time and less X-ray exposure time, a higher rate of fracture healing at 3 months, with statistically significant differences (P <0.05). The Harris hip function scores at postoperative 1 year were of no significant difference between the 2 groups (P > 0.05) . In navigational group there were 3 medical and 1 implant complications. In traditional group there were 9 medical and 5 implant complications. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion In the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures for the elderly patients, the navigational DHS fixation is superior to traditional DHS fixation due to its ad-vantages of smaller incision, less blood loss, shorter bed-ridden time, faster fracture healing and betterfunctional recovery.     

参麦注射液对脂肪栓塞综合征的影响

1995～ 1997年我们在西药支持治疗基础上 ,合用参麦注射治疗脂肪栓塞综合征 (ｆａｔｅｍｂｏｌｉｓｍｓｙｎｄｒｏｍｅ,ＦＥＳ) 15例 ,取得了一定的效果 ,现报告如下。1　临床资料1 1　病例选择　所有ＦＥＳ病人按发病次序随机分成两组 :①参麦组 15例 ,男 10例 ,女 5例 ,年龄 2 2～ 75岁 ,平均 42 5 2岁。其中多发闭合骨折 12例 ,人工关节置换术后 3例。计骨盆骨折合并 :髋臼骨折 1例 ,股骨及胫腓骨骨折 2例 ,肱骨及肋骨骨折 1例 ,多处肋骨骨折 2例。股骨干骨折合并 :多处肋骨骨折 2例 ,胫腓骨骨折 1例 ,髌骨粉碎及同侧尺骨骨折 1例 ,前臂…     

骨筋膜间隔区综合征的诊疗探讨

骨筋膜间隔综合征 (ＯｓｔｅｏｆａｓｃｉａＣｏｍｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔＳｙｎｄｒｏｍｅ ,ＯＣＳ) ,是创伤严重合并症之一 ,系肢体创伤后发生在四肢特定的筋膜间室内的进行性病变。其主要的原因是骨筋膜间隔区容积恒定 ,当内容物体积增加时 ,压力增高 ,以致于其内的神经、血管、肌肉组织受压引起进行性缺血坏死。 1992年 5月～ 1998年 5月 ,我们共收治ＯＣＳ 2 5例 ,总结报告如下。1　临床资料1 1　一般资料　本组病例 2 5例 ,男 2 2例 ,女 3例 ;年龄 16～6 8岁 ,平均 38岁。发病部位 :前臂 5例 ,小腿 2 0例。计尺桡骨双骨折 3例 ,尺骨、桡骨单…     

CDMP-1逆转人退变椎间盘髓核细胞的实验研究

[目的]通过CDMP-1促进退变髓核细胞外基质合成来逆转椎间盘退变.[方法]分离、培养人退变椎间盘髓核细胞,取第3代髓核细胞,应用CDMP-l分组进行干预实验.A组为对照组,B组和C组为实验组,B组加人100ng/ml CDMP-1,C组加入200ng/rnl CDMP-1.采用光学相差显微镜及透射电镜对对照组和实验组细胞形态和超微结构进行对比观察:XTT-PMS法检测各组髓核细胞12d的生长曲线,研究三组细胞间的生长动力学差异;实时荧光定量PCR检测髓核细胞,7,14,21d Ⅱ型胶原和糖胺多糖的mRNA表达.[结果]光学相差显微镜及透射电镜示:两剂量实验组形态学上没有明显差异,与对照组相比,CDMP-1实验组能较好的维持髓核细胞生物形态学特性,延长退变髓核细胞的衰老;三实验组12d的生长曲线一致,两剂量的CDMP-1没有增加退变髓核细胞的增殖;实时荧光定量PCR示100ng/ml CDMP-1组:Ⅱ型胶原mRNA表达总体均数及3个时间点均高于另外两组任一时间点(P<0.05);糖胺多糖mRNA表达总体均数及14、21d 2个时间点均高于另外两组相应时间点(P<0.05),且Ⅱ型胶原和糖胺多糖mRNA表达量随刺激时间增加而增加.200 ng/ml CDMP-1组:提高了糖胺多糖mRNA表达水平的同时,却降低了Ⅱ型胶原mRNA水平.[结论]100ng/ml的CDMP-l可以延长体外培养人退变髓核细胞的衰老,维持细胞生物形态学特性,提高退变髓核细胞Ⅱ型胶原和糖胺多糖mRNA表达水平,在一定程度逆转了椎间盘髓核细胞退变.     

撬拨复位跟骨钛板内固定治疗跟骨关节内骨折

目的 探讨跟骨关节内骨折手术复位技术及内固定方法.方法 对波及距下关节的跟骨关节内骨折48例(52足)采用切开克氏针撬拨复位跟骨钛板内固定治疗.结果 获得6～30个月的随访,骨折均获得骨性愈合,术后Bohler角得到良好恢复,根据Fernandez评分标准,优良率87％.结论 采用克氏针撬拨复位跟骨钛板内固定治疗跟骨关节内骨折,具有疗效可靠、操作简单、创伤小、手术时间短、出血少的特点,能有效预防各种并发症,是治疗跟骨关节内骨折的良好方法.     

股骨头置换术治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折的疗效观察

目的探讨人工股骨头置换术治疗老年性股骨粗隆间骨折的临床效果。方法选择45例股骨粗隆间骨折的老年患者,麻醉后行股骨头置换术。采用髋关节后外侧切口入路,骨折断端复位后应用可吸收线固定,使股骨粗隆间解剖关系基本得到恢复;常规处理股骨颈,扩股骨髓腔远端,置入骨水泥型特制人工股骨头,逐层关闭创口。术后常规应用抗生素,卧床,5～7d后进行髋关节功能锻炼。复查X线片,观察骨折愈合及内固定情况。结果所有患者手术均较顺利,无术中死亡发生,无手术失败发生,无并发症发生。随访8～15个月,骨折复位良好,患者生活均能基本自理,总优良率为88.89%。结论应用骨水泥人工股骨头置入治疗股骨粗隆间骨折,可缩短患者卧床时间、减少并发症发生,及早进行患髋功能锻炼,有利于康复,疗效可靠。     

体外培养人正常椎间盘髓核细胞与退变髓核细胞的生物学性状比较:可以为干预退变髓核细胞提供最佳时机吗?

背景:人体椎间盘是一个承受载荷却又缺乏血管的结构,因而容易发生退行性变,但椎间盘退变的机制尚不明确.目的:通过体外培养人正常椎间盘髓核细胞与退变髓核细胞生物学性状比较,认识退变髓核细胞的细胞学退变时机.方法:分离、培养人正常及退变椎间盘髓核细胞,对两种细胞采用光镜、电镜等形态学方法进行大体形态和超微结构观察,采用生长曲线和XTT实验研究两种细胞的生长动力学差异,测定髓核细胞的活力和细胞Ⅱ型胶原及糖胺多糖的mRNA表达.结果与结论:退变椎间盘细胞至少要比正常椎间盘细胞提前2代出现形态学老化表现.退变髓核细胞表现为G1期阻滞,使细胞不能进入S期,细胞有丝分裂受到抑制.退变髓核细胞总体来说,生长要比正常髓核细胞快,但老化也较快.退变髓核细胞自第1代开始,Ⅱ型胶原和糖胺多糖的mRNA表达比同期正常髓核细胞低得多.说明在体外培养条件下,退变髓核细胞持续增殖能力低,更容易衰老、凋亡.提示退变髓核细胞体外培养衰老较快,进行干预试验逆转椎间盘退变的最佳时机为传2代之前的细胞.     

改良Gamma钉和Ender钉治疗股骨转子间骨折的疗效比较

作者采用改良Ｇａｍｍａ钉和Ｅｎｄｅｒ钉两种方法治疗股骨转子间骨折１０２例。Ｇａｍｍａ钉组６０例，Ｅｎｄｅｒ钉组４２例。术后随诊１．５～４年，将两组手术资料和术后资料进行统计学分析，结果显示改良Ｇａｍｍａ钉组的临床疗效明显优于Ｅｎｄｅｒ钉组；其手术合并症少于Ｅｎｄｅｒ钉；改良Ｇａｍｍａ钉的手术创伤比Ｅｎｄｅｒ大。经改良的Ｇａｍｍａ钉手术是一种值得推广的治疗股骨转子间骨折的新方法，但是，对于超高龄合并有重要脏器功能部分不全者，不宜选用改良Ｇａｍｍａ钉，而Ｅｎｄｅｒ钉是可供选择的治疗方法。