脑卒中急性期应用MoCA预测中期认知损害的临床研究

目的探讨简易床旁检查(蒙特利尔认知评估量表,MoCA)在脑卒中急性期预测中期认知损害的价值。方法收集我院脑卒中患者,脑卒中后5~9d应用MoCA评估,基线状态下采集临床、功能、神经影像学数据。脑卒中后6~9个月进行广泛的神经心理学和功能评估。结果纳入138例患者,随访81例,48例诊断为PSCI,控制年龄、受教育程度、病态前病态和认知情况、脑卒中严重程度、以往存在腔隙性梗死等变量,发现MoCA、脑白质疏松症与PSCI独立相关。结论在轻度脑卒中患者中,MoCA可能在急性期预测中期认知损害情况,是脑卒中急性期较好的检查工具之一。     

大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注后凋亡诱导因子的表达与神经元凋亡的关系

Objective To study the relationship between the expression of apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) and neuronal apoptosis in rats with focal ischemia reperfusion.Methods Wistar rats were divided into sham-operated (n=6) and model (n=30) groups.Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)models were established by thread ligation.The expression of AIF in the ischemic penumbra was observed in the sham-operated and model groups 6 h and 1,2,3 and 7 d after the reperfusion; the changes of neuronal apoptosis in corresponding region were observed by TUNEL staining at the same time.Results AIF-positive cells in the ischemic penumbra were significantly increased in the model group 6 h after the ischemic reperfusion,reaching its peak level at 48 h of reperfusion (130.47±11.32 cells).Cell apoptosis occurred at each time point of ischemic reperfusion and the percentage of apoptosis cells at 48 h ofreperfusion (118.53±11.67 ceils) was the highest among all the time points.Significant differences between the 2 groups were found between each 2 time points (P<0.05).Conclusion Focal ischemia reperfusion can induce the increased expression of AIF positive cells and neuronal apoptosis.     

人参皂甙Rd对慢性颞叶癫痫大鼠空间学习记忆能力的影响

[ 目的：研究人参皂甙Rd（GsRd）对氯化锂一匹罗卡品点燃慢性白发性颞叶癫痫（TLE）大鼠空间学习记忆能力及海马苔藓纤维发芽（MFS）的干预作用。方法：建立氯化锂一匹罗卡品点燃TLE大鼠模型,将24只造模成功的TLE大鼠随机分为单纯TLE组（生理盐水10ml／kg腹腔注射）12只及加用GSRd干预组12只（GsRd2mg／kg腹腔注射）,另选6只正常大鼠作为正常对照组。采用Morris水迷宫进行行为观察以了解各组大鼠空间学习记忆能力,取脑进行Timms染色作病理学观察以了解海马MFS情况。结果：与正常对照组相比,TLE组大鼠空间学习记忆功能下降,海马齿状回MFS明显增多（P〈0．05）;与TLE组相比,GSRd干预组可显著提高大鼠空间学习记忆能力及减少MFS（P〈0．05）。结论：GSRd可能通过抑制MFS减轻TLE大鼠的认知功能损害,有助于阻断慢性自发性TLE的形成和发展。     

丹红注射液对睡眠剥夺大鼠学习记忆的影响

目的 探讨丹红注射液(Danhong injection)对睡眠剥夺(sleep deprivation,SD)大鼠学习记忆及海马胶质纤维酸性蛋白(Glial Fibriliary Acidic Protein,GFAP)表达的影响.方法 用小平台水环境法建立SD模型.选用Wistar大鼠,根据SD时间的不同(0～5 d),随机分为6组,每组又分为实验组和对照组,实验组给予丹红注射液,相应时间点对各组大鼠行Morris水迷宫测试,免疫组化法检测海马组织中GFAP的含量.结果 ①Morris水迷宫实验: 2,3,5 d组潜伏期,实验组低于对照组(P<0.05),4 d组潜伏期,实验组低于对照组(P<0.01);2,5 d组游泳路程,实验组低于对照组(P<0.05),3,4 d组游泳路程,实验组低于对照组(P<0.01);SD各时间点组穿越平台次数,实验组和对照组无统计学差异(P>0.05).②海马GFAP含量:2,3 d组海马GFAP含量,实验组高于对照组(P<0.05),4,5 d组海马GFAP含量,实验组高于对照组(P<0.01).结论 丹红注射液对SD后大鼠学习记忆的损害有保护作用,这种作用可能与海马中星形胶质细胞(astrocyte,AS)功能活化有关.