槐的临床应用

槐为豆科植物的槐树，又称豆槐、白槐、细叶槐、护房树等。为落叶乔木，生于山坡、平原或庭院内外种植，分布于我国大部分地区，其花、叶、枝、胶、根、白皮、角等均具有一定的药用价值，现介绍如下。     

小儿氯胺酮麻醉恢复期的呼吸道管理

目的 探讨小儿氯胺酮麻醉恢复期呼吸道的管理措施.方法 对笔者所在医院收治的200例小儿氯胺酮麻醉恢复期的呼吸管理进行回顾性分析.结果 200例小儿氯胺酮麻醉恢复期呼吸道管理措施得当,平安度过.结论 小儿氯胺酮麻醉恢复期正确的呼吸道管理可以使患儿平稳度过麻醉恢复期.     

PET/CT在评价及观察大鼠肺癌放疗效果中的应用

Objective The aim of this study was to understand the role of PET/CT in monitoring the therapeutic effect of radiotherapy (RT) on lung cancer with Wistar rats. Methods Thirty Wistar in-bred strain rats (6-8 weeks, weighed 180-280 g, female, ordinary) were made into Lewis pulmonary tumor model rats. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT was performed when tumor reached 1.5-2.0 cm in greatest diameter (4-6 weeks) as a baseline. In order to get the optimal time point of PET/CT for moni-toring RT effect in rat cancer model, PET/CT was performed at the 3rd day, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th week after giving single dose of 5 Gy to each rat. Standardized uptake values (SUV) from FDG PET were measured and rats were sacrificed at different time point for validation. Besides, the expressions of glucose transport1 (Glut1) in tumor tissue were studied using immunohistochemistry. The level of tumor cell apoptosis, degra-dation, and necrosis were observed. SPSS 11.0 software was used for data analyses. Results A negative correlation of SUV uptake and time after RT and negative correlation of Glut1 expression and time after RT were observed in rat tumors, respectively. Positive correlation of SUV uptake and Glut1 expression in rat tumors was observed (Spearman rank correlation test, rs = 0.97, P < 0.01). Before RT, the SUV in rat tumor was 1.28 ± 0.31 and was decrease to 1. 00 ± 0.23 at the 3rd day and 0.18 ± 0. 10 at the 4th week after RT (F=15. 126, P<0.05). Before RT, the Glut1 in rat tumor was 0.2558 ±0.03 and was decrease to 0. 2320 ± 0. 01 at the 3rd day and 0. 1320±0.04 at the 4th week after RT. The amounts of tumor cell apopto-sis, degradation, and necrosis increased with time after RT. Conclusion Though FDG PET could monitor the therapeutic effect at the 3rd day after giving single dose of RT to rat lung tumor model, the optimal time was the the 4th week after treatment.     

药师角色一次有别传统的界定指导合理用药,参与新药临床研究

不久前,首届中国药师大会在北京举办,卫生部部长陈竺在大会所作发言中提出:中国的药师应为建立具有中国特色的药物创新体系做出更大贡献.陈竺特别强调了在中国建立临床研究基地及医疗机构中加强临床药师队伍建设的重要性,希望药师们不仅更好的指导临床合理用药,还应该在药物创新与临床药学中发挥更大的作用.     

骨胶原与骨质疏松骨密度及骨生物力学的相关性研究

目的探讨骨胶原含量在绝经后骨质疏松症的发生、发展及在骨质疏松性骨折中的作用。方法取7个月龄未交配雌性SD大鼠60只，随机分为四组，A组：对照组（sham组）；B组：切除卵巢组；C组：切除卵巢＋雌激素治疗组；D组：切除卵巢＋降钙素治疗组。除A组外，其他三组通过切除双侧卵巢法12周后制成骨质疏松模型，24周后分别行k的力学特性、右侧股骨三点弯曲试验、羟脯氨酸含量、k骨密度（BMD）测定，Masson三色染色法显示骨胶原形态。结果A、C、D组与B组在k羟脯氨酸含量、BMD、k压缩力学参数值、右侧股骨生物力学参数值、骨胶原染色含量及形态方面差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05），而A、C、D组之间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。统计学分析显示羟脯氨酸含量与BMD及骨生物力学参数值呈直线相关性。结论骨质疏松的发生与骨胶原含量下降有关。骨胶原含量的下降与BMD降低及骨生物力学改变呈相关性。应用雌激素和降钙素治疗去势后骨质疏松大鼠，不仅可以提高其BMD含量和骨生物力学性能，而且还可以提高骨胶原的含量。     

医源性胆管损伤38例分析

临床资料1　一般资料　本组 38例。男 1 3例 ,女 2 5例 ,男女之比 0 .5 2∶ 1。年龄 2 0～ 75岁 ,平均年龄40岁。开腹胆囊切除损伤胆管 30例 ,腹腔镜胆囊切除损伤胆管 8例 ,手术中发现并处理 8例 ,术后发现并处理 30例。损伤部位 :胆总管 2 1例 ,肝总管 1 0例 ,汇合部损伤 3例     

粉尘致肺纤维化机制研究现状

鉴于尘肺病的高发病率、高危害性和不可逆转性,探讨其发病机制以达到早发现、早诊断、早治疗具有重要意义。本文对目前研究的较为深入的自由基学说和细胞因子网络学说进行综述。     

显微外科在修复手部皮肤逆行脱套伤中的应用

目的探讨应用显微外科技术修复手部皮肤逆行套状撕脱伤的临床效果。方法自2001年10月至2005年9月,我们根据手部皮肤逆行套状撕脱伤的损伤程度、逆行蒂部位及皮瓣缘出血等损伤特点,对手部逆行撕脱皮肤应用显微外科技术吻合动静脉及修成真皮下血管网皮瓣原位回植,并且皮下充分引流等急诊修复15例,同时行骨折固定与肌腱修复。结果13例撕脱皮肤完全成活,2例术后小面积皮肤坏死,经换药愈合。随访3个月~1年,患手外形满意,血供充分,皮肤质地柔软,手部功能良好。结论应用显微外科技术修复手部皮肤逆行套状撕脱伤,可最大程度恢复皮肤的血液循环,确保皮肤成活及手部的外形与功能。