腰椎间盘突出症的针灸治疗近况及作用机理探讨

腰椎间盘突出症（1umbar intervertebral discprotrusion，LIPD）是一种临床上常见的疾病，好发于青壮年，发病急骤，病程迁延反复，临床主要表现为腰腿疼痛，下肢活动障碍，严重者可下肢瘫痪，给病人带来极大的痛苦及经济负担。目前关于LIPD的治疗的研究报道很多，总的来说可以分为两大类：手术治疗与非手术治疗，在非手术治疗方法的报道中针灸及以针灸为主的综合疗法占有非常重要地位，西医界一些著名专家也把针灸、触发点（triggerpoint）刺激、药物局部注射视为LIPD最常规的治疗方法。本文就LIPD的针灸治疗近况及作用机理作如下综述。     

高血压脑出血微创外科治疗的预后因素分析

目的探讨影响高血压脑出血（HICH）微创外科治疗预后的相关因素。方法回顾性分析经微创手术治疗的HICH病人106例,总结其临床特点和疗效,并采用单因素和Logistic多因素回归分析,总结影响预后的有关因素。结果单因素分析显示：平均动脉压（MAP）、术前意识状态、血肿形态、出血部位、血肿量、血肿与脑室关系、血肿再发及术后并发症等因素与HICH微创外科治疗临床预后有关（P〈0.05）。多因素回归分析显示：术前意识状态、术后并发症及出血部位与HICH微创外科治疗预后密切相关（P〈0.01）。结论微创外科手术治疗HICH具有简单、安全、疗效好等优点;术前意识状态、术后并发症、出血部位是影响其预后的重要因素。     

多种底物在免疫金银染色检测抗核抗体试验中的联合应用

将多种底物联合应用于免疫金银染色检测ANA试验,与各底物单独应用比较,可明显改善检测的敏感性与核型显示。其中,两种鼠脏器印片联合应用的结果可与Hep-2细胞的结果相当,三种及四种鼠脏器印片联合应用的结果可与Hep-2细胞和一种鼠脏器印片联合应用的结果相当,且均不使正常人ANA阳性率明显升高。     

补肾抗衰口服液对大鼠衰老模型免疫器官影响的实验研究

研究补肾抗衰口服液对大鼠衰老模型免疫器官胸腺和脾脏的影响.结果显示,模型组大鼠胸腺和脾脏重量减轻,胸腺重/体重比值、脾重/体重比值减小,胸腺组织学观察,显示萎缩改变;药物组大鼠胸腺和脾脏重量、胸腺重/体重、脾重/体重比值接近正常对照组,胸腺组织学观察,未显示萎缩改变.本研究结果表明,补肾抗衰口服液能延缓胸腺和脾脏萎缩,保护机体的正常免疫功能,提示该药有抗衰老的作用.     

Principles for managing penetrating craniocerebral injuries caused by firearm missiles

Penetrating craniocerebral firearm injuries remain one of the most lethal causes of all trauma and are common both in war or peace time. Data were reviewed for 4140 severely head-injured patients (Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores 3-8) treated at Xi-Jing Hospital between 1973 and 1993; 51 of these patients had acute penetrating craniocerebral injuries caused by firearm missiles. These patients consisted of 46 males (90.2%) and 5 females (9.8%) ranging in age from 3 months to 48 years (median 22.4 years). The lesion types included 2 tangential wounds, 37 tubular wounds and 12 through-and-through wounds. All cases were urgent with the patients in severe and unstable states. After emergency treatment and operation, 5 cases died (9.8%). Follow up studies at three months showed that 23 cases (45.1%) had made a good recovery. Moderate disability, severe disability and vegetative states in this series were 29.4%, 13.7% and 2.0% respectively. Long term follow up studies indicated that 32 were able to resume their occupation. The principles for managing penetrating craniocerebral firearm injuries and suggestions for operation are discussed.     

脑干区占位病变的手术入路

本文报告了1990年5月以来脑干区大型、复杂占位病变15例.其中,位于脑干内3例,脚间窝2例,岩尖部4例,全岩骨区1例,全斜坡区2例,第四脑室内3例.本组采用以扩大了的岩骨入路为主的联合入路,行肿瘤全切除8例,次全切除5例.2例仅作了活检加减压术.除1例死亡外,均恢复良好.本文结合文献,对脑干区手术入路进行了讨论.     

刺激视上核对大鼠痛阈及电针镇痛的影响

以钾离子透引起的大鼠甩尾反应为痛指标，观察了电和化学刺激视上核（ＳＯＮ）对大鼠痛阈（ＰＴ）和电针（ＥＡ）镇痛的影响。电刺激ＳＯＮ后，ＰＴ明显高于假刺激组（Ｐ＜０．０５～０．００１），电刺激ＳＯＮ后电针足三里，镇痛效应明显提高，并有明显的量效关系。电刺激ＳＯＮ的近旁部位（０．５—１ｍｍ）对ＰＴ及电针镇痛无明显影响。ＳＯＮ内注射Ｌ－谷氨酸（Ｌ－Ｇｌｕ）后痛阈和电针镇痛效应都明显对照组，也有明显的量效关     

Juvenile Xanthogranuloma on the Palm

Abstract: Juvenile xanthogranuloma is a xanthomatous and granulomatous condition that frequently arises before 1 year of age and mainly occurs on the head and trunk. We report a rare solitary juvenile xanthogranuloma on the right palm of a 10-year-old girl, present for one year. This solitary involvement of the palm has been reported only twice before.     

Alterations of G-protein Coupling Function in Phosphoinositide Signalling Pathways of Rat Hippocampus by Ischaemic Brain Injury

The activation of membrane-associated phospholipase C is rapidly and transiently induced in the central nervous system by a variety of stimuli. Ischaemic brain injury is one of the situations that leads to a dramatic increase in polyphosphoinositide (PPI) turnover. In this study, stimulation of PPI hydrolysis by glutamate (500 μM) was measured in hippocampal slices from rats up to 21 days after an ischaemic insult of 30 min. Ischaemia was induced using the four-vessel occlusion method. PPI hydrolysis elicited by glutamate was significantly increased in the slices prepared from ischaemic rats 24 h after reperfusion, the accumulation of inositol phosphates (InsP_s) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP₃) was 614±74% ( n = 8) and 182±11% ( n = 9) of the basal level respectively. This potentiation was also observed 21 days after ischaemia. Hyper-responsiveness to glutamate was also accompanied by an increase in AIF⁻₄-stimulated formation of [³H]inositol phosphates. In addition, global ischaemia did not change either high-affinity [³H]glutamate binding in hippocampal membranes or the stimulation of PPI hydrolysis by carbachol or noradrenaline in hippocampal slices. The present results suggest that the increased responsiveness to glutamate is the result, at least in part, of functional changes at the G-protein level, and may contribute to the pathophysiology of ischaemic brain injury or to the regenerative phenomena that accompany ischaemic damage.     

对居民使用液化气健康效应的初步探讨

对液化气燃烧后室内空气污染进行了流行病学调查，结果显示，液化气燃烧可造成ＳＯ＿２、ＮＯ＿２、空气总悬浮颗粒物和总烃类的室内空气污染。小鼠接触三个月出现Ｔ淋巴细胞计数降低、睡眠时间延长、骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率增加、肺组织匀浆Ａｍｅｓ试验阳性率增高、雄性小鼠精子畸形率增加，并有明显的剂量－反应关系。对接触５年以上的人群调查发现，呼吸道、鼻和眼的自觉症状明显增加，咽炎、鼻炎、结膜炎患病率增高。人群尿液浓缩物Ａｍｅｓ试验和外周血红细胞微核率检出阳性结果，可能与液化气燃烧废气中含有致突变污染物有关。