浅谈对传染科护士素质的要求与体会

根据笔者在传染科病房工作中的体会,从六个方面针对传染科工作的特殊性和存在的共性分别阐述了传染科护士在工作中如何高标准、严要求自己,如何对病人做到到位的护理,旨在提高传染科病房的整体护理质量,从而把更多的实惠让利于患者。     

Endothelial cell antigens recognized by xenoreactive human natural antibodies.

Hyperacute rejection of vascularized, discordant xenografts is generally though to be initiated when natural antibodies of the recipient bind to endothelial cells of the donor organ. While rejection of such xenografts always occurs, the molecular targets of natural antibodies have not been elucidated. The aim of the experiments reported herein was to identify the molecules on porcine endothelial cells that would be recognized by human natural antibodies if a porcine organ were to be transplanted into a human (or rhesus). Toward the end, it was shown that the major components recognized by human serum on porcine endothelial cells are glycoproteins of 115kDa, 125kDa, and 135kDa (gp115/135). Reactivity with these glycoproteins was abrogated by enzymatic cleavage of N-linked oligosaccharides or of subterminal beta-D-gal residues suggesting that the determinants are located on oligosaccharides rather than on the polypeptide cores. The biological relevance of gp115/135 was suggested by experiments in which a similar series of components was shown to be recognized by rhesus natural antibodies and by the absorption of such antibodies by perfusion of porcine kidneys. The gp115/135 antigens were present on porcine platelets but not porcine RBC or lymphocytes. Nevertheless, purified RBC and lymphocytes absorbed human anti-gp115/135, suggesting that human natural antibodies recognize the same or crossreactive carbohydrate determinants expressed on the surface of a variety of cells.     

重组人红细胞生成素治疗肾性贫血的临床分析

目的　观察重组人红细胞生成素 (RhEPO)对肾性贫血的治疗作用。方法　根据使用EPO剂量的不同将 39例慢性肾衰竭并血液透析病人分成 4组 ,观察治疗后 2、4、12个月时与治疗前 (0月 )相比红细胞数 (RBC)、红细胞比积 (Hct)及血红蛋白含量 (Hb)的变化。结果　 2 4例使用EPO10 0 - 15 0IU/ (kg·w) (6 0 0 0IU/w - 90 0 0IU/w) ,治疗后RBC、Hct、Hb较治疗前有显著升高 (P≤ 0 .0 0 1) ;5例使用EPO5 0IU/ (kg·w) (30 0 0IU/w) +间断输血患者 ,其RBC、Hct、Hb升高不显著 ;10例不用EPO而单纯输血患者 ,其RBC、Hct、Hb无明显变化 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　EPO能较好地纠正肾性贫血 ;单纯输血不能治疗肾性贫血     

不同术后镇痛模式对红细胞免疫功能的影响

目的探讨不同术后镇痛模式对红细胞免疫功能的影响。方法50例妇科手术患者,按术后不同镇痛模式分为硬膜外自控镇痛(PCEA)组和静脉自控镇痛(PCIA)组。并分别于术前、术后1、3、7 d采静脉血样检测红细胞C3b受体花环率(RCR)、红细胞免疫复合物花环率(RICR)、红细胞免疫粘附促进因子(RFER)和红细胞免疫粘附抑制因子(RFIR)。结果与术前比,PCEA组术后1 d RCR、RFER显著上升(P<0.05),RFIR显著下降(P<0.05),术后3 d RCR、RFER仍显著上升(P<0.05),而RICR显著下降(P<0.05);PCIA组术后1 d RCR、RFER显著下降(P<0.05),RFIR、RICR显著上升(P<0.05);PCIA组术后1、3 d RCR、RFER比PCEA组显著降低(P<0.05),而RICR显著上升(P<0.05);两组各参数在术后7 d基本恢复至术前水平。结论PCEA对红细胞免疫功能的稳定和恢复作用明显强于PCIA。     

溶剂在嵌段共聚高分子膜中的溶解与传递现象

利用石英弹簧称重法测定了308．15K时乙醇和苯在含端羟基聚丁二烯(HTPB)和端羟基聚丁二烯／丙烯腈共聚物(HTBN)的嵌段共聚聚氨酯膜中的吸收动力学曲线。结合吸收-络合吸附双模式传递模型，研究了聚氨酯膜的微相分离程度、软硬段的比例和组成以及软段分子量等因素对溶剂在膜中溶解和传递性质的影响。     

子宫内膜增生性病变与子宫内膜癌的超声诊断价值

目的:探讨子宫内膜增生性病变与子宫内膜癌的超声鉴别诊断及内膜癌肌浸程度的估价.方法:采用术前B超、术后大体标本观察测量,对123例子宫内膜病变患者的声像图资料进行分析并与手术后病理结果对照.结果:①子宫内膜病变者子宫三径之和平均值均大于正常值;②58.6%的子宫内膜增生过长病变患者内膜形态以条形、梭形和正常形态回声;35%的Ⅱ期以上子宫内膜癌患者内膜回声以积液为主兼有其它图像类型;③大于50岁患者不同病理类型病变的子宫内膜平均厚度均超过其正常内膜厚度值,但无明显的规律性.小于50岁的患者内膜增厚主要以子宫内膜增生过长病变为主占48%;④通过超声测量子宫内膜厚度判断子宫内膜癌浅肌层和深肌层浸润符合率均为71.4%.结论:超声检查对判断子宫内膜病变病理类型有一定帮助,内膜厚度、内膜形态、回声特点、及内膜与肌层间的关系等,仅提示病变存在的可能性,要鉴别病变的良恶性、肌层浸润深度,须根据上述回声特点进行综合分析.     

合同制护士存在的问题分析与对策

科学技术飞速发展的今天,在知识经济市场与服务竞争的大潮中,每个行业都在寻求新的机遇,面对新的挑战,存在新的危机,合同制护士表现尤为突出,存在着工资收入低、工作压力大、工作稳定性差等问题。现就其现状作一分析,提出相应对策。1合同制护士的现状分析近年来,合同制一词在人们生活中已不再陌生,并逐渐被人们接受。合同制护士在医院的护理队伍中工资收入、职称晋升、医疗保险、福利待遇等方面均与正式在编护士有着很大的差异。由于近年来护理专业毕业生急剧增长,面对当前就业难的压力和激烈的竞争环境,她们相继到各大医院竞聘,而医院招工…