The prevalence of urinary incontinence in elderly women

On the basis of a survey in March 1989 among non institutionalized women aged 60 years and older living in Amstelveen, the prevalence of urinary incontinence was estimated. Also investigated were factors potentially associated with urinary incontinence, as well as the psychosocial impact on daily living activities. The sample comprised 1049 women; 719 postal histories were completed. Statistical analyses involved chi 2 and chi 2 trend tests, and the influence of determinants was assessed with multivariate logistic regression. The prevalence of urinary incontinence was 23.5%, with a slight increase with increasing age. Daily urine loss was reported in 14.0% of all women. Significantly associated with urinary incontinence were an increased diurnal as well as nocturnal voiding frequency, immobility and use of diuretics. Urinary incontinence actually interfered with daily living activities in 65.3% of the women.     

Are earlier birth weights different from current ones?

A sample was taken from non-pathological Caucasian births in Amsterdam from 1972 until 1982. The methods replicated as closely as possible those applied by Kloosterman to births from 1931 until 1967 for the Amsterdam Growth Curves. Birth weight percentiles and confidence intervals were determined non-parametrically in groups distinguished by sex, order of birth and duration of pregnancy. The correlations among the weekly means and the extreme percentiles were tested from the 36th to the 43th pregnancy week. We found a strong correlation (r = 0.983) between our sample and the Amsterdam Growth Curves. The means in the latter sample exceeded ours by 48.5 grammes which equals the estimated clerical error of the birth weights of 50 grammes. There is no strong evidence that the birth weights have changed much in the Caucasian part of the Amsterdam population.     

Iopamidol and meglumine diatrizoate: comparison of effects on patient discomfort during aortofemoral arteriography

Iopamidol was compared with Renografin-60 (meglumine diatrizoate, Squibb) in a controlled, randomized double-blind study of 40 patients undergoing peripheral arteriography for arteriosclerotic occlusive disease to determine which agent caused less discomfort. Each patient was evaluated for objective signs of discomfort and subjective feelings of pain and heat. Monitoring was achieved by multiple physical examinations, chemical tests, electrocardiograms, and intra-arterial pressure recordings. It is concluded that iopamidol is safe and causes significantly less patient discomfort than Renografin-60.     

Small bowel CT‐enteroclysis: Technique,pitfalls and pictorial review

Computed tomography small bowel enteroclysis has been carried out at Noosa Hospital since July 2003, and more recently at St George Private Hospital, Kogarah. Over 125 cases have been carried out. This article describes the different techniques, the pitfalls and a pictorial review of small bowel pathology.     

Amylase assay in serum using dyed amylopectine

The dyed amylopectine method for assay of serum amylase was investigated. We conclude that enzyme digestion of the substrate into smaller fragments is not a random process, and propose a standard procedure.     

Serum apolipoproteins A-I and B in male and female full-term new borns of the Toledo study (Spain)

Cord serum apolipoproteins (Apo) A-I and B from 548 healthy, full-term singletons were studied. Females displayed slightly, but significantly, higher Apo A-I levels ( p < 0.001) than males. Particularly at weeks 38 and 39 ( p < 0.05), whereas Apo B was not gender affected but likewise increased ( p < 0.05) between weeks 37 and 41. Apo A-I values increased ( p < 0.05) with gestational age in males, but with birthweight in females. Results suggest that small gender and age-related metabolic differences exist at birth in terms infants