全文获取类型
收费全文 | 103504篇 |
免费 | 46553篇 |
国内免费 | 1358篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 1777篇 |
儿科学 | 4661篇 |
妇产科学 | 1381篇 |
基础医学 | 18872篇 |
口腔科学 | 5632篇 |
临床医学 | 15857篇 |
内科学 | 27836篇 |
皮肤病学 | 7770篇 |
神经病学 | 14866篇 |
特种医学 | 3126篇 |
外国民族医学 | 3篇 |
外科学 | 17155篇 |
综合类 | 3823篇 |
现状与发展 | 5篇 |
一般理论 | 31篇 |
预防医学 | 6149篇 |
眼科学 | 2170篇 |
药学 | 8368篇 |
27篇 | |
中国医学 | 2469篇 |
肿瘤学 | 9437篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 87篇 |
2023年 | 445篇 |
2022年 | 1046篇 |
2021年 | 2605篇 |
2020年 | 5893篇 |
2019年 | 11522篇 |
2018年 | 10965篇 |
2017年 | 12094篇 |
2016年 | 12723篇 |
2015年 | 12899篇 |
2014年 | 12995篇 |
2013年 | 13695篇 |
2012年 | 6275篇 |
2011年 | 6318篇 |
2010年 | 10426篇 |
2009年 | 6538篇 |
2008年 | 3821篇 |
2007年 | 2633篇 |
2006年 | 2659篇 |
2005年 | 2235篇 |
2004年 | 1954篇 |
2003年 | 1845篇 |
2002年 | 1796篇 |
2001年 | 1633篇 |
2000年 | 1525篇 |
1999年 | 952篇 |
1998年 | 358篇 |
1997年 | 309篇 |
1996年 | 242篇 |
1995年 | 277篇 |
1994年 | 225篇 |
1993年 | 141篇 |
1992年 | 336篇 |
1991年 | 258篇 |
1990年 | 236篇 |
1989年 | 168篇 |
1988年 | 156篇 |
1987年 | 169篇 |
1986年 | 109篇 |
1985年 | 106篇 |
1984年 | 98篇 |
1983年 | 59篇 |
1982年 | 50篇 |
1981年 | 42篇 |
1980年 | 51篇 |
1979年 | 75篇 |
1978年 | 42篇 |
1977年 | 39篇 |
1975年 | 36篇 |
1972年 | 39篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of a major health problem worldwide. Tuberculosis vaccine research has made an extraordinary progress over the past few years. However, there is still no replacement for the Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin vaccine, the only TB vaccine licensed for human use. Therefore, the discovery and development of new TB vaccines remains a priority. This article discusses current strategies used to diversify TB vaccines and includes discussion of the status of efforts to improve protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M tb) infection or TB disease by developing new and safe TB vaccines. This article also highlights the current research efforts in immune‐enhancing approaches to improve vaccination efficacy. The development of more effective TB vaccines might have significant impact on global TB control. 相似文献
92.
Erika Cecon Anna Ivanova Marine Luka Florence Gbahou Anne Friederich Jean‐Luc Guillaume Patrick Keller Klaus Knoch Raise Ahmad Philippe Delagrange Michele Solimena Ralf Jockers 《Journal of pineal research》2019,66(2)
Melatonin receptors play important roles in the regulation of circadian and seasonal rhythms, sleep, retinal functions, the immune system, depression, and type 2 diabetes development. Melatonin receptors are approved drug targets for insomnia, non‐24‐hour sleep‐wake disorders, and major depressive disorders. In mammals, two melatonin receptors (MTRs) exist, MT1 and MT2, belonging to the G protein‐coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily. Similar to most other GPCRs, reliable antibodies recognizing melatonin receptors proved to be difficult to obtain. Here, we describe the development of the first monoclonal antibodies (mABs) for mouse MT1 and MT2. Purified antibodies were extensively characterized for specific reactivity with mouse, rat, and human MT1 and MT2 by Western blot, immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, and proximity ligation assay. Several mABs were specific for either mouse MT1 or MT2. None of the mABs cross‐reacted with rat MTRs, and some were able to react with human MTRs. The specificity of the selected mABs was validated by immunofluorescence microscopy in three established locations (retina, suprachiasmatic nuclei, pituitary gland) for MTR expression in mice using MTR‐KO mice as control. MT2 expression was not detected in mouse insulinoma MIN6 cells or pancreatic beta‐cells. Collectively, we report the first monoclonal antibodies recognizing recombinant and native mouse melatonin receptors that will be valuable tools for future studies. 相似文献
93.
94.
95.
96.
Mt D. Dbrssy Chockalingam Ramanathan Danesh Ashouri Vajari Yixin Tong Thomas Schlaepfer Volker A. Coenen 《The European journal of neuroscience》2021,53(1):89-113
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) in psychiatric illnesses has been clinically tested over the past 20 years. The clinical application of DBS to the superolateral branch of the medial forebrain bundle in treatment‐resistant depressed patients—one of several targets under investigation—has shown to be promising in a number of uncontrolled open label trials. However, there are remain numerous questions that need to be investigated to understand and optimize the clinical use of DBS in depression, including, for example, the relationship between the symptoms, the biological substrates/projections and the stimulation itself. In the context of precision and customized medicine, the current paper focuses on clinical and experimental research of medial forebrain bundle DBS in depression or in animal models of depression, demonstrating how clinical and scientific progress can work in tandem to test the therapeutic value and investigate the mechanisms of this experimental treatment. As one of the hypotheses is that depression engenders changes in the reward and motivational networks, the review looks at how stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle impacts the dopaminergic system. 相似文献
97.
Increasing evidence suggests that human epidermal melanocytes play an important role in the skin immune system; however, a role of their pigmentation in immune and inflammatory responses is poorly examined. In the study, the expression of Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) and inflammatory cytokines and chemokines by cultured normal melanocytes derived from lightly and darkly pigmented skin was investigated after cell stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The basal TLR4 mRNA level in heavily pigmented cells was higher as compared to their lightly pigmented counterparts. Melanocyte exposure to LPS upregulated the expression of TLR4 mRNA and enhanced the DNA‐binding activity of NF‐κB p50 and p65. We found substantial differences in the LPS‐stimulated expression of numerous genes encoding inflammatory cytokines and chemokines between the cells with various melanin contents. In lightly pigmented melanocytes, the most significantly upregulated genes were nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT/visfatin), the chemokines CCL2 and CCL20, and IL6, while the genes for CXCL12, IL‐16 and the chemokine receptor CCR4 were the most significantly upregulated in heavily pigmented cells. Moreover, the lightly pigmented melanocytes secreted much more NAMPT, CCL2 and IL‐6. The results of our study suggest modulatory effect of melanogenesis on the immune properties of normal epidermal melanocytes. 相似文献
98.
99.
Denise Lee Marcella D. Walker Hsin Yi Chen John A. Chabot James A. Lee Jennifer H. Kuo 《Surgery》2019,165(1):107-113
Background
Bone mineral density (BMD) has been found to improve after parathyroidectomy (PTX) in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. There are few data on the effect of PTX on BMD in normocalcemic and normohormonal primary hyperparathyroidism.Methods
A retrospective analysis of 92 primary hyperparathyroidism patients who underwent PTX between 2004 and 2012 with pre- and post-PTX dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry was performed. Within-person changes in BMD pre- and post-PTX were analyzed using log linear mixed models, stratified by biochemical status.Results
Bone mineral density increased post-PTX in the whole cohort at the lumbar spine (+2.5%), femoral neck (+2.1%), and total hip (+1.9%) and decreased at the one-third radius (–0.9%). On comparison of BMD changes by profile, BMD increased in those with the typical profile at the lumbar spine (3.2%), femoral neck (2.9%), and total hip (2.9%) but declined at the one-third radius (–1.5%). In contrast, BMD improved only at the femoral neck (4.3%) in the normohormonal group and did not change at any site in the normocalcemic group. The typical group had a greater increase in BMD over time at the femoral neck and total hip compared with normocalcemic patients.Conclusion
Our results indicate that the skeletal benefit of PTX was attenuated in normocalcemic and normohormonal patients, suggesting that skeletal changes after PTX may depend on biochemical profile. 相似文献100.