首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   167414篇
  免费   14584篇
  国内免费   11409篇
耳鼻咽喉   1370篇
儿科学   1988篇
妇产科学   2851篇
基础医学   19733篇
口腔科学   2970篇
临床医学   21843篇
内科学   26673篇
皮肤病学   1916篇
神经病学   9005篇
特种医学   5885篇
外国民族医学   86篇
外科学   17319篇
综合类   26133篇
现状与发展   36篇
一般理论   11篇
预防医学   10613篇
眼科学   4779篇
药学   17012篇
  140篇
中国医学   8594篇
肿瘤学   14450篇
  2024年   484篇
  2023年   2405篇
  2022年   6245篇
  2021年   7855篇
  2020年   5715篇
  2019年   5320篇
  2018年   5513篇
  2017年   4972篇
  2016年   4622篇
  2015年   6986篇
  2014年   8795篇
  2013年   8073篇
  2012年   11784篇
  2011年   12945篇
  2010年   7874篇
  2009年   6332篇
  2008年   8544篇
  2007年   8632篇
  2006年   8651篇
  2005年   8366篇
  2004年   6043篇
  2003年   5919篇
  2002年   5097篇
  2001年   4529篇
  2000年   4454篇
  1999年   4687篇
  1998年   3057篇
  1997年   2923篇
  1996年   2166篇
  1995年   2010篇
  1994年   1757篇
  1993年   1050篇
  1992年   1554篇
  1991年   1342篇
  1990年   1183篇
  1989年   1023篇
  1988年   915篇
  1987年   829篇
  1986年   649篇
  1985年   550篇
  1984年   320篇
  1983年   207篇
  1982年   132篇
  1981年   131篇
  1980年   90篇
  1979年   125篇
  1978年   61篇
  1976年   52篇
  1975年   55篇
  1974年   65篇
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
Molecular determinants of cetuximab efficacy.   总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17  
PURPOSE: To investigate whether mRNA expression levels of cyclin D1 (CCND1), cyclooxygenase 2 (Cox-2), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), interleukin 8 (IL-8), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), all members of the EGFR signaling pathway, are associated with clinical outcome in patients with EGFR-expressing metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) treated with cetuximab. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-nine patients with metastatic CRC, refractory to both irinotecan and oxaliplatin, were enrolled on IMCL-0144 and treated with single-agent cetuximab. The intratumoral mRNA levels of CCND1, Cox-2, EGFR, IL-8, and VEGF were assessed from paraffin-embedded tissue samples using laser-capture microdissection and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: There were 21 women and 18 men with a median age of 64 years (range, 35 to 83 years). Higher gene expression levels of VEGF were associated with resistance to cetuximab (P = .038; Kruskal-Wallis test). The combination of low gene expression levels of Cox-2, EGFR, and IL-8 was significantly associated with overall survival (13.5 v 2.3 months; P = .028; log-rank test). Both findings were independent of skin toxicity that was itself significantly correlated to survival. Patients with a lower mRNA amount of EGFR had a longer overall survival compared with patients that had a higher mRNA amount (7.3 v 2.2 months; P = .09; log-rank test). Patients with lower expression of Cox-2 had a significantly higher rate of grade 2 to 3 skin reactions under cetuximab treatment. CONCLUSION: This pilot study suggests that gene expression levels of Cox-2, EGFR, IL-8, and VEGF in patients with metastatic CRC may be useful markers of clinical outcome in single-agent cetuximab treatment.  相似文献   
52.
目的:探讨宫腔镜检查术在辅助生殖技术中应用的重要性。方法:对150例拟行辅助生殖技术的不育妇女行常规宫腔镜检查。结果:宫腔镜150例中47例(31%)有镜下异常,其中:子宫内膜息肉或息肉样增生18例(12%),子宫内膜单纯性增生17例(11%),子宫畸形7例(5%),宫腔粘连狭窄3例(2%),子宫内膜结核1例(0.7%),子宫黏膜下肌瘤或腺肌瘤1例(0.7%)。以宫腔镜诊断为标准,阴道超声诊断敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、准确率分别为66%(31/47)、98%(101/103)、94%(31/33)、86%(101/117)、88%(132/150),子宫造影分别为26%(12/47)、100%(95/95)、100%(12/12)、73%(95/130)、75%(107/142)。结论:宫腔镜检查术具有良好的可接受性和准确性,应作为辅助生殖技术前的常规检查。  相似文献   
53.
切开复位内固定治疗骨盆桶柄样Tilt骨折   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
目的探讨骨盆桶柄样Tilt骨折手术治疗方法。方法切开复位内固定治疗52例骨盆桶柄样Tilt骨折。前骨盆经Plan—nenstiel入路固定9例,Pfannenstiel入路结合部分髂腹般沟入路固定43例。37例行骨盆重建钢板固定,骨盆重建钢板固定结合耻骨上支髓内螺钉固定9例,6例2块骨盆重建钢板固定。后环37例经患侧髂嵴入路以骨盆重建钢板固定。8例骶骨骨折行骶髂关节螺钉固定。7例未行后骨盆固定。结果平均随访18个月。全部骨性愈合,无下肢不等长,骨盆畸形基本纠正。按Majeed疗效评定标准优良率为93.8%。结论通过前后联合入路,切开复位治疗骨盆桶柄样Tilt骨折疗效满意,并可防止远近期并发症的发生。  相似文献   
54.
Intractable tinnitus can lead to serious consequences. Study evidence indicates that the central nervous system is involved in generation and maintenance of chronic tinnitus and that tinnitus and other neurologic symptoms such as chronic pain may share similar mechanisms. Brain ablation and stimulation are used to treat chronic pain with success. Recent studies showed that ablation and stimulation in non-auditory areas resulted in tinnitus improvement. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) may be an alternative treatment for intractable tinnitus and deserves further study.  相似文献   
55.
56.
案例教学法在护理伦理学中的应用分析   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
目的分析案例式教学在护理伦理学教学中应用的效果,以探讨适合护理伦理学的教学方法。方法采用传统教学法与案例教学法相对照进行护理伦理学的授课,对528名授课学生进行问卷调查并收集资料。结果92.4%的学生认为案例教学法能激发学习兴趣,87.2%的学生认为能调动学习的积极性,82.6%的学生认为有利于对知识的理解,72.1%的学生认为能培养思维和决策能力,68.0%的学生认为能增进师生互动。结论案例教学法可提高教学效果。培养学生的批判性思维能力。  相似文献   
57.

Background  

There are few effective strategies reported for the primary prevention of low back pain (LBP). Core stabilization exercises targeting the deep abdominal and trunk musculature and psychosocial education programs addressing patient beliefs and coping styles represent the current best evidence for secondary prevention of low back pain. However, these programs have not been widely tested to determine if they are effective at preventing the primary onset and/or severity of LBP. The purpose of this cluster randomized clinical trial is to determine if a combined core stabilization exercise and education program is effective in preventing the onset and/or severity of LBP. The effect of the combined program will be compared to three other standard programs.  相似文献   
58.
BACKGROUND: The Brugada syndrome is characterized by ST-segment elevation on the ECG, especially in the right precordial leads sensitive to the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT). OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hypothesis that right ventricular electrophysiologic heterogeneity caused arrhythmogenicity in the Brugada syndrome. METHODS: Action potentials (APs) were mapped on the epicardium of 14 RVOT preparations and on the transmural surfaces of 15 pairs of RVOT and right ventricular anteroinferior (RVAI) preparations isolated from canine hearts. Brugada ECG and arrhythmias were induced with pilsicainide (2.5-12.5 micromol/L), pinacidil (1.25-12.5 micromol/L), and terfenadine (2.0 micromol/L). RESULTS: Low doses of drugs elevated the J-ST segment and induced APs with both short and long action potential durations (APDs) in contiguous RVOT epicardial regions. In addition, APs in the RVOT had a larger phase 1 notch and longer APD than in RVAI. The longest APDs were in the epicardium in RVOT but in the endocardium in RVAI regions. High doses of drugs eliminated the phase 2 dome of the AP and abbreviated APDs in the epicardium but not in endocardium and reduced the epicardial heterogeneity of APs but increased the transmural gradient of APD in 14 (93%) of the RVOT preparations. In contrast, abbreviations of epicardial APDs occurred in only 4 (27%) of the RVAI preparations. Ventricular tachycardia occurred more frequently in the RVOT (47%) than in paired RVAI preparations (7%). Blocking the transient outward current reduced the heterogeneity of APs and eliminated arrhythmogenicity in all preparations. CONCLUSION: Compared with the RVAI region, the RVOT has greater electrophysiologic heterogeneity that contributes to arrhythmogenicity in this model of Brugada syndrome.  相似文献   
59.
The essential fatty acid deficient chicken as a model for cystic fibrosis   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
The essential fatty acid deficient (EFAD) chicken was evaluated as a model for cystic fibrosis (CF). Three semipurified diets--(I) 1% hydrogenated coconut oil (HCO), (II) 10% soybean oil + 1% HCO, and (III) 11% HCO--were fed to chickens from hatching to 5, 8, or 11 wk. Groups I and III exhibited poor weight gain and abnormal serum fatty acid patterns characteristic of EFAD. Production of prostaglandin F2 alpha, thromboxane B2, 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha, and prostaglandin E in lung was significantly reduced at 5, 8, and 11 wk in both EFAD groups. Histopathologic examination revealed increased peribronchiolitis in group I compared with II. Incidence of pulmonary lesions in group III was intermediate. These data support the theory that essential fatty acids are necessary to maintain proper lung function. In this respect, the chicken is a good model for studying the relationship between EFAD and pulmonary disease in CF patients.  相似文献   
60.
Zusammenfassung GRUNDLAGEN: Das Ziel dieser Untersuchung war, die Machbarkeit und Wirksamkeit der Fokus-Sanierung via Mini-Thorakotomie zur Therapie einer kavernösen Lungentuberkulose zu prüfen. METHODIK: Der Mini-Thorakotomie-Zugang wurde in 18 Patienten angewendet (Alter, 25–75 Jahre; median, 47,5 Jahre). Die Patienten hatten eine kavernöse Lungentuberkulose oder ein Lungentuberkulom nach tuberkulostatischer Therapie oder waren Patienten, die auf diese Therapie nicht angesprochen haben. 8 Patienten mit chronischer kavernöser Lungentuberkulose und 10 Patienten mit Tuberkulom haben sich der Fokus-Sanierung, Spülung und Faltnaht unterzogen. ERGEBNISSE: Es gab keine operative Mortalität. Alle Patienten waren klinisch saniert, hatten keinen Nachweis für Bakterien im Sputum, im Röntgen hatten die Lungenschatten abgenommen. Die Dauer der Operation betrug 30–120 min (median, 75 min), der intraoperative Blutverlust war 100–200 ml (median, 153 ml). Der postoperative Spitalsaufenthalt betrug 21–42 Tage (median, 30 Tage). Das Follow-up nach 1–4 Jahren (median, 2,5 Jahre) zeigte keine Komplikation und kein Rezidiv der Grunderkrankung. SCHLUSSFOLGERUNGEN: MTFC ist eine sichere und technisch machbare Methode zur Therapie der Lungentuberkulose oder des Tuberkuloms bei Schonung der Lungenfunktion.  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号