全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2548052篇 |
免费 | 199770篇 |
国内免费 | 3965篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 36284篇 |
儿科学 | 86544篇 |
妇产科学 | 72083篇 |
基础医学 | 362570篇 |
口腔科学 | 72832篇 |
临床医学 | 225665篇 |
内科学 | 498510篇 |
皮肤病学 | 54837篇 |
神经病学 | 204257篇 |
特种医学 | 101679篇 |
外国民族医学 | 1064篇 |
外科学 | 387723篇 |
综合类 | 59927篇 |
现状与发展 | 4篇 |
一般理论 | 866篇 |
预防医学 | 196844篇 |
眼科学 | 58519篇 |
药学 | 191323篇 |
5篇 | |
中国医学 | 4747篇 |
肿瘤学 | 135504篇 |
出版年
2018年 | 24812篇 |
2016年 | 21133篇 |
2015年 | 24201篇 |
2014年 | 33621篇 |
2013年 | 51573篇 |
2012年 | 70078篇 |
2011年 | 74225篇 |
2010年 | 44164篇 |
2009年 | 42043篇 |
2008年 | 71056篇 |
2007年 | 75419篇 |
2006年 | 76305篇 |
2005年 | 74288篇 |
2004年 | 72762篇 |
2003年 | 69930篇 |
2002年 | 68539篇 |
2001年 | 119632篇 |
2000年 | 124133篇 |
1999年 | 105396篇 |
1998年 | 28974篇 |
1997年 | 26261篇 |
1996年 | 26546篇 |
1995年 | 25626篇 |
1994年 | 24169篇 |
1993年 | 22618篇 |
1992年 | 86012篇 |
1991年 | 83886篇 |
1990年 | 82092篇 |
1989年 | 78755篇 |
1988年 | 73038篇 |
1987年 | 71951篇 |
1986年 | 67907篇 |
1985年 | 65463篇 |
1984年 | 49060篇 |
1983年 | 42034篇 |
1982年 | 24657篇 |
1981年 | 22184篇 |
1980年 | 20495篇 |
1979年 | 45981篇 |
1978年 | 32076篇 |
1977年 | 27046篇 |
1976年 | 25458篇 |
1975年 | 27168篇 |
1974年 | 32716篇 |
1973年 | 31523篇 |
1972年 | 28992篇 |
1971年 | 26876篇 |
1970年 | 24977篇 |
1969年 | 23196篇 |
1968年 | 21193篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
J. Rodríguez-Carrio A. Martínez-Zapico I. Cabezas-Rodríguez L. Benavente Á.I. Pérez-Álvarez P. López J.B. Cannata-Andía M. Naves-Díaz A. Suárez 《Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD》2019,29(2):135-143
Background and aims
Since accelerated atherosclerosis has been reported in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), predictive biomarkers of cardiovascular disease (CVD) are needed. Among non-traditional risk factors, bone mineral density (BMD) has been related to CVD. However, its role in SLE remains controversial. This study aims to analyze the associations of subclinical atherosclerosis with traditional and non-traditional CV risk factors.Methods and results
In a cross-sectional study, atherosclerosis burden was compared between 112 female SLE patients and 31 controls. Plaque number and carotid intima-media wall thickness (cIMT) were assessed by ultrasonography. In a retrospective study, BMD determinations obtained 5-years before the ultrasonography assessment were analyzed in a subgroup of 62 patients. Plaque frequency was increased in SLE, even in patients without CV events or carotid wall thickening. cIMT was increased in patients with CVD, positively correlated with body mass index (BMI). Interestingly, a paradoxical effect of BMI on carotid parameters was observed. Whereas underweight patients (BMI < 20) showed increased prevalence of carotid plaques with low cIMT, those with BMI > 30 showed higher cIMT and plaque burden. Overweight patients (25 < BMI<30) exhibited both elevated cIMT and plaque number. BMI was an independent predictor of BMD. In our retrospective study, patients with either clinical or subclinical CVD exhibited lower BMD levels than their CV-free counterparts. A low lumbar spine BMD independently predicted CVD development after adjusting for confounders.Conclusion
SLE was associated with a higher subclinical atherosclerosis burden, a bimodal effect being observed for BMI. Decreased BMD can be a CV risk biomarker in SLE. 相似文献22.
Amy Y. Zhang Christopher Burant Alex Z. Fu Gerald Strauss Donald R. Bodner Lee Ponsky 《Journal of psychosocial oncology》2020,38(2):210-227
AbstractPurpose: We examined underlying psychosocial processes of a behavioral treatment for urinary incontinence (UI) of prostate cancer survivors.Design: Secondary analysis of data collected from a clinical trial.Sample: Two hundred forty-four prostate cancer survivors who participated in a clinical trial of behavioral intervention to UI as intervention or control subjects.Methods: The participants had a 3-month behavioral intervention or usual care and were followed up for an additional 3?months. They were assessed at baseline, 3, and 6?months. Latent growth curve models were performed to examine trajectories of each study variable and relationships among the variables.Findings: Increasing self-efficacy and social support were significantly and independently associated with more reduction of urinary leakage frequency over time.Implications for psychosocial oncology: Providing problem-solving skills and social support, including peer support, are essential for empowering patients to reduce UI. 相似文献
23.
24.
Bernard–Soulier syndrome (BSS) is a rare autosomal recessively inherited bleeding disorder. Pregnancy in patients with BSS is characterized by ante‐, intra‐, or postpartum haemorrhage, which may be delayed and severe. There is no consensus in the management of BSS in pregnancy and so far only 16 pregnancies in nine patients have been described. We report a further three pregnancies in two women with the syndrome. We also outline our management of pregnant patients with BSS. 相似文献
25.
NAFDM, the National Action Forum for Diabetes Mellitus, is an umbrella organisation for the leading diabetes organisations in Germany. Since its foundation at the end of 2004, NAFDM has brought together the activities of these organisations, which up to now were frequently working independently of each other, under a single ‘roof’. Supported by a central coordination unit, three project groups work successfully on the topics scientific research and healthcare research, patient care and prevention. Activities and results are shared and thus integrated into the network. The working groups are supported by NAFDM’s medical and health-policy steering groups. Apart from a number of successful events, two key publications have meanwhile come out: one on the status of prevention and one analysing the healthcare situation for diabetics in Germany. All people interested in diabetology are invited to join in and work with the NAFDM. 相似文献
26.
Lalia Y. Ibrahim Krank P. DiFilippo Geremy E. Steed Manuel D. Cerqueira 《Journal of nuclear cardiology》2006,13(6):855-866
Conclusion Several quality-control measures take place before (patient and camera preparation) and during SPECT acquisition to achieve
high-quality images. Not uncommonly, technologists and physicians are left with suboptimal images that have to be addressed
to reach the “right answer” for patient diagnosis and hence management. In many cases patients may be reimaged, especially
if the problem is detected early, but in other cases either the patient has left the nuclear laboratory or there is an inevitable
problem that, even with reimaging, will not be resolved. In these situations the technologist and physician have to seek the
available techniques to obtain the best images possible. These resources are discussed in this issue as an aid in quality
control to obtain the best possible images. 相似文献
27.
28.
29.
Hepatic gene downregulation following acute and subchronic exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Bladimir J Ovando Chad M Vezina Barbara P McGarrigle James R Olson 《Toxicological sciences》2006,94(2):428-438
Chronic exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) has been shown to lead to the development of hepatotoxicity and carcinogenicity in the liver of female rats. In this study, we investigated hepatic gene downregulation in response to acute and subchronic TCDD exposure. We identified 61 probes which exhibited a downregulation of twofold or greater following subchronic (13 weeks) exposure to TCDD. Comparative analysis of the hepatic expression of these 61 probes was conducted with rats subchronically exposed to PeCDF, PCB126, PCB153, and a mixture of PCB126 and PCB153. PCB153 produced little or no alteration in these probes, while the binary mixture mimicked most closely the downregulation observed with TCDD. To discern if the repression of genes within this probe set occur as a primary response to TCDD exposure, we analyzed the early responsiveness of 11 genes at 6, 24, and 72 h following a single exposure to TCDD. We observed early repression of the 11 genes within this early time course, indicating that the repression of this subset of genes occurs as a primary response to TCDD exposure and not as a secondary response to 13 weeks of subchronic treatment. In addition, the gender, species, and AhR dependence of these responses were also investigated. Gender- and species-dependent repression was observed within this subset of genes. Furthermore, utilizing AhR knockout mice, we were able to determine the AhR-dependent downregulation of seven of 11 genes. Together these results assist efforts to understand the multitude of effects imposed by TCDD and AhR ligands on gene expression. 相似文献
30.
M A Birrell K McCluskie E Hardaker R Knowles M G Belvisi 《The European respiratory journal》2006,28(6):1236-1244
There is a great deal of interest in developing less invasive markers for monitoring airway inflammation and the effect of possible novel anti-inflammatory therapies that may take time to impact on disease pathology. Exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) has been shown to be a reproducible, noninvasive indicator of the inflammatory status of the airway in the clinic. The aim of the present study was to determine the usefulness of measuring eNO as a marker of the anti-inflammatory impact of glucocorticoid and an inhibitor of kappaB kinase-2 (IKK-2) inhibitor 2-[(aminocarbonyl)amino]-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-thiophenecarboxamide (TPCA-1), in a pre-clinical model of airway inflammation. Rats were given vehicle, budesonide or TPCA-1 prior to exposure to lipopolysaccharide, previously shown to induce an increase in eNO and airway neutrophilia/eosinophilia. Comparison of the effect of the two compounds on inflammatory components demonstrated a significant correlation between the impact on eNO and inflammatory cell burden in the airway. The current study demonstrates the usefulness of profiling potential disease-modifying therapies on exhaled nitric oxide levels and the way in which an effect on this noninvasive biomarker relates to effects on pathological parameters such as lung cellularity. Information from studies such as the current one would suggest that the measurement of exhaled nitric oxide has potential for monitoring inflammatory status in lung tissue. 相似文献