早期康复护理对高血压脑出血颅内血肿清除术患者的并发症及生活能力的影响

目的：探讨早期康复护理措施对高血压脑出血颅内血肿清除术患者的应用效果。方法：回顾性分析我院2010年3月~2014年3月收治的120例高血压脑出血颅内血肿术患者临床资料,其中,自2010年3月~2012年3月收治的60例患者采用了常规护理措施,记为对照组;自2012年4月至2014年3月收治的60例患者则采取了早期康复护理措施,记为观察组。比较两组患者的护理效果。结果：护理干预后,观察组患者的MBI、ESS及GCS评分均较对照组患者出现了明显改善,组间差异具有统计学意义,观察组患者术后并发症的发生率明显低于对照组患者,组间差异具有统计学意义。结论：早期康复护理措施对高血压脑出血颅内血肿清除术患者具有十分重要的意义,可有效改善患者的神经功能,促进患者日常生活能力的改善,从而改善患者的生活质量,促进患者的预后恢复,值得临床参考。     

Tryptophan-induced pathogenesis of breast cancer

BackgroundThe pathogenesis of breast cancer remains unclear.AimsTo investigate the pathogenesis of breast cancer through targeted metabolomics of amino acids components in serum of patients with breast cancer.MethodsPatients with breast cancers were enrolled in our hospital between year January 1^st, 2013 and December 31^st, 2014. Targeted analysis of amino acids was performed using ESI-QTOF-MS instrument. In vitro experiment was performed to determine the influence of tryptophan towards interleukin-10 (IL-10) secretion by CD4+ T cell.ResultsTargeted metabolomics of amino acids showed that the level of tryptophan significantly (p<0.05) increased in patients with breast cancer. Furthermore, the biological function of tryptophan was determined through determining the influence of tryptophan towards IL-10 secretion using in vitro method. The addition of tryptophan (100 uM) in the cell medium can significantly inhibited the secretion of IL-10 by CD4+ T cells, as indicated by the mRNA level and protein concentration.ConclusionThe inhibition of IL-10 secretion by CD4+ T cells is a potential pathogenesis of breast cancer.     

Artificial disc and vertebra system: a novel motion preservation device for cervical spinal disease after vertebral corpectomy

OBJECTIVE:To determine the range of motion and stability of the human cadaveric cervical spine after the implantation of a novel artificial disc and vertebra system by comparing an intact group and a fusion group.METHODS:Biomechanical tests were conducted on 18 human cadaveric cervical specimens. The range of motion and the stability index range of motion were measured to study the function and stability of the artificial disc and vertebra system of the intact group compared with the fusion group.RESULTS:In all cases, the artificial disc and vertebra system maintained intervertebral motion and reestablished vertebral height at the operative level. After its implantation, there was no significant difference in the range of motion (ROM) of C3–7 in all directions in the non-fusion group compared with the intact group (p>0.05), but significant differences were detected in flexion, extension and axial rotation compared with the fusion group (p<0.05). The ROM of adjacent segments (C₃₋₄, C₆₋₇) of the non-fusion group decreased significantly in some directions compared with the fusion group (p<0.05). Significant differences in the C_4-6 ROM in some directions were detected between the non-fusion group and the intact group. In the fusion group, the C₄₋₆ ROM in all directions decreased significantly compared with the intact and non-fusion groups (p<0.01). The stability index ROM (SI-ROM) of some directions was negative in the non-fusion group, and a significant difference in SI-ROM was only found in the C₄₋₆ segment of the non-fusion group compared with the fusion group.CONCLUSION:An artificial disc and vertebra system could restore vertebral height and preserve the dynamic function of the surgical area and could theoretically reduce the risk of adjacent segment degeneration compared with the anterior fusion procedure. However, our results should be considered with caution because of the low power of the study. The use of a larger sample should be considered in future studies.     

Association between tumor necrosis factor-α gene polymorphisms and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in Chinese Han population: evidence from two center case-control study and a meta-analysis

Objectives: The tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) gene, which plays crucial roles in tumorigenesis, is reported to be an independent marker for cancer. This study aims to examine the association between the TNF-α G308A polymorphism and DLBCL risk based on the two center case-control studies and meta-analysis. Methods: In the current study, we performed a two centers case-control study to investigate the effect of the TNF-α G308A polymorphism on DLBCL risk in Chinese Han population. A meta-analysis including 10 published datasets along with current dataset, including 111 comparisons containing 34,041 cases and 42,730 controls were enrolled, was next performed to further confirm the association after literature search was conducted and relevant studies were identified from PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. Results: The TNF-α -308A allele was associated with a significantly increased DLBCL risk in the two independent patient case-control studies and additionally for pooled analysis from the two sets (P<0.05 for both). The result of meta-analysis further demonstrated that the A allele of -308A was significantly correlated with DLBCL risk under the allelic model (OR=1.35, 95% CI=1.27-1.44) without heterogeneity by fixed-effects model analysis (Q=17.30, P=0.139). Moreover, sensitivity analysis supported the robustness of this meta-analysis. Conclusion: This study suggested that -308A polymorphism may be associated with the susceptibility of DLBCL in a Chinese population. The further meta-analysis provides additional evidence supporting the above result that the risk allele of the -308A polymorphism may increase DLBCL risk.     

磁共振扩散张量成像及波谱分析在帕金森病早期诊断中的应用

目的:探讨磁共振弥散张量成像技术(DTI)及磁共振波谱(MRS)在帕金森病(PD)的早期诊断中的价值。方法:选取早期PD患者20例(早期PD组)、中晚期PD患者20例(中晚期PD组)和非PD志愿者20例(对照组),同时行DTI、MRS,观察3组在DTI中双侧基底核区、双侧额叶、双侧丘脑区的FA值和ADC值及MRS所显示的乙酰天门冬氨酸(NAA)/肌酸(Cr)、胆碱(Cho)/Cr值。结果:3组双侧基底核区的FA值从大到小依次为对照组、早期PD组、中晚期PD组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);3组双侧丘脑区、双侧额叶区的FA值从大到小依次为对照组、中晚期PD组、早期PD组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。3组各兴趣区的ADC值之间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。3组NAA/Cr值、Cho/Cr值从大到小依次为对照组、早期PD组、中晚期PD组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:早期PD患者,DTI中FA值在双侧基底核区开始减小,在双侧丘脑区、双侧额叶区出现明显减小;MRS中NAA/Cr值、Cho/Cr值随着PD患者病情进展不断下降。     

外科辅助上颌骨快速扩弓对鼻气道和上颌复合体影响的系统评价

目的 评价外科辅助上颌骨快速扩弓对鼻气道和上颌复合体的影响.材料和方法 我们计算机检索和手动检索以下数据库:PubMed,ISI Web of Knowledge,Ovid,EBSCO Dentistry & Oral Science Source,Cochrane Library and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL),纳入采用外科辅助上颌骨快速扩弓治疗的研究,要求受试者人数＞10.依据方法学质量评价量表对纳入的文献进行质量评价.结果 初步检索后获得111篇相关的文献,最终对符合纳入标准且方法学质量评价得分较高的4篇文献的4个结果进行Meta分析.结果表明扩弓后,鼻腔后部容积、使用鼻粘膜减充血剂后鼻腔后部最小横截面积、牙弓前后部宽度均增加显著(P＜0.05).结论 从本研究Meta分析中得出结论:随着上颌基骨和牙槽骨的增宽,外科辅助上颌骨快速扩弓增加鼻腔后部最小横截面积并显著增加鼻腔容积,从而减小鼻气道阻力.     

野百合碱注射建立大鼠肺动脉高压模型的方法

目的探讨野百合碱注射建立大鼠肺动脉高压模型的方法和关键点。方法 SPF级雄性SD大鼠30只,随机分为实验组和对照组各15只。实验组大鼠颈背部皮下注射野百合碱50 mg/kg;对照组皮下注射0.9%氯化钠注射液1 ml。3周后大鼠行右心导管检查、病理检查和免疫组化检查。结果实验组大鼠表现为进行性右心功能衰竭,死亡2只,平均肺动脉压力、右心室收缩压均明显高于对照组[(40.05±1.78)mm Hg vs(18.63±1.80)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 k Pa),(62.99±2.03)mm Hg vs(28.04±2.26)mm Hg,P均<0.05]。病理切片HE染色,实验组大鼠肺血管中膜明显增生,管腔狭窄,中膜管壁厚度百分比、中膜管腔面积百分比、右心室肥厚指数[RV/(LV+IVS)]均明显大于对照组[(0.292±0.064)vs(0.106±0.026)、(0.0495±0.092)vs(0.200±0.045)、(0.473±0.041)vs(0.295±0.035),P均<0.05]。实验组大鼠肺血管增殖细胞核抗原免疫组化IA值明显高于对照组[(39.5±8.7)vs(18.5±5.3),P<0.05]。结论经颈背部皮下注射野百合碱建立大鼠肺动脉高压动物模型是一种操作简单、有效可靠的方法,把握几个关键点可以提高建模成功率。     

Effects of enteral nutrition support combined with enhanced recovery after surgery on the nutritional status,immune function,and prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer after Ivor-Lewis operation

BackgroundEsophageal cancer (EC) with a high incidence of malnutrition is a highly malignant digestive tract tumor. We investigated the effect of enteral nutrition (EN) support combined with enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) on the nutritional status, immune function, and prognosis of patients with EC after Ivor-Lewis operation.MethodsOne hundred patients were randomly divided into the observation group (n=42) and the control group (n=58). The patients in observation group were treated with EN combined with ERAS intervention after Ivor-Lewis operation, and the patients in control group were treated with conventional postoperative EN intervention. The situation of operation, nutritional status, immune function recovery and prognosis between the two groups were compared.ResultsThere was no statistically significant difference in operation time or intraoperative blood loss between the two groups (P>0.05). The chest tube removal time and oral feeding time of the observation group after operation were shorter than those of the control group (P<0.05). After intervention, serum albumin (ALB), transferrin (TF), pre-albumin (PA) and hemoglobin (Hb) levels in both groups were significantly decreased. These indexes were significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05). There were no significant changes in the levels of immunoglobulin (Ig) A, IgG, and IgM, or the numbers of CD3⁺, CD4⁺ and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ T cells in the observation group before and after intervention (P>0.05); however those indexes were significantly decreased in the control group after the intervention (P<0.05). Interestingly, the levels of IgA, IgM, IgG, CD3⁺ T cells, CD4⁺ T cells and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ T cells in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group after intervention (P<0.05). The incidence of pulmonary infection in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group. The postoperative exhaust time, postoperative defecation time and postoperative hospital stay were shorter in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in hospitalization cost between the two groups (P>0.05).ConclusionsEN combined with ERAS was more beneficial to the improvement of nutritional status and immune function recovery of patients with EC after Ivor-Lewis operation. It also shortened the length of hospital stay.     

新型口服抗凝药的药物基因组学研究进展

新型口服抗凝药（NOAC）在心脑血管血栓疾病的防治中发挥了重要作用。由于参与NOAC体内过程的转运体和代谢酶的基因多态性,不同个体口服相同剂量的NOAC后,其体内药代动力学参数存在差异。相对于药物转运体,药物代谢酶的基因多态性对NOAC的药代动力学性质影响较大,但目前相关研究较少。本文分析总结了基因多态性对NOAC药代动力学性质的影响。