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91.
92.
There is still an ongoing debate, especially regarding early diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Early surgery leads to inadequate evaluation of acute abdominal pain and negative appendectomy, whereas delayed surgery leads to appendicitis perforation complications. The diagnosis of this condition is considerably difficult, especially due to subtle early symptoms and clinical condition. The aim of the present study was to identify whether the Alvarado scoring system could reduce the incidence of negative appendectomy in patients who will undergo surgery for acute appendicitis. Patients who underwent surgery with acute appendicitis prediagnosis were retrospectively classified as negative appendectomies (group A) and positive appendectomies (group B) according to histological diagnosis. All groups were evaluated for age, gender, Alvarado scores, and parameters. Two hundred eighty-one patients were included in the study. Group A contained 71 (25.3 %) patients, and group B contained 210 (74.7 %) patients. There was a significant difference in WBC, left shift, rebound, and change of pain localization between the groups (p?=?0.002, p?<?0.001, p?<?0.001, and p?=?0.023, respectively). Alvarado scores were significantly different between the groups (p?<?0.001). In logistic model examination, the major factor was the Alvarado score (7 or above) and the minor factor was spreading pain. The Alvarado scoring system can be used to reduce negative appendectomy in patients who will undergo surgery with acute appendicitis.  相似文献   
93.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the protective effects of a fungal metabolite of demethoxyviridine (DMV) and its derivative, 1-alpha-hydroxy-DMV in the livers of 2-month-old male Spraque-Dawley rats treated with diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and 2-acetylaminflourene (2-AAF). METHODS: This study was performed in the Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey from May 2006. Animals were divided into 10 groups. Those were the control, olive oil, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), DMV, 1-alpha-hydroxy-DMV, DEN, 2-AAF, DEN+2-AAF, DEN+2-AAF+DMV, and DEN+2-AAF+1-alpha-hydroxy-DMV-treated animal groups. The liver microsomes were prepared from rats and the levels of expression of cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) enzymes were determined with western blot technique. The liver tissue slides were evaluated histopathologically with hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemically for Harvey-retrovirus associated DNA sequences (Ha-Ras), glutathione S- transferase (GST-p), and connexion-32 (Cx32) proteins. RESULTS: Notably, there were no appreciable differences in CYP1A2 level among control, olive oil, and DMSO-treated animals. The CYP1A2 level was significantly decreased in 2-AAF, DEN+2-AAF, DEN, DEN+2-AAF+DMV, DEN+2-AAF+1-alpha-hydroxy-DMV, 1-alpha-hydroxy-DMV, and DMV-treated animals as compared to the control. Most prenoplastic focus was found in DEN+2-AAF treated group. CONCLUSION: Demethoxyviridine and 1-alpha-hidroksi-DMV had protective effect in the livers of DEN, 2-AAF and DEN+2-AAF induced rats.  相似文献   
94.
95.
Treatment-resistant depression has necessitated new therapeutic strategies in augmenting the therapeutic actions of currently existing antidepressant drugs. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of synergistic interaction between 1-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl)-imidazole (TRIM), a novel neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) inhibitor and conventional antidepressants of different classes in the forced swimming test (FST) in rats. TRIM decreased the immobility time at 50 mg/kg doses in the FST in rats. Treatment with a behaviourally subeffective dose of TRIM (20 mg/kg) augmented the behavioural effect of tricyclic antidepressant imipramine, selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor (SSRI) citalopram and fluoxetine or selective serotonin reuptake enhancer tianeptine but failed to augment the antidepressant effect of reboxetine, a noradrenaline re-uptake inhibitor, in this test. Therefore inhibition of NOS augments the effects of antidepressants acting on serotonergic system in the FST. Neither TRIM (10–50 mg/kg) nor other drug treatments affected the locomotor activity of animals. These findings are in agreement with the view that antidepressant effects or augmentation of these effects in the FST may be explained with inhibition of NOS activity and this may be a new approach in offering greater therapeutic efficacy of antidepressants acting via serotonergic system.  相似文献   
96.

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to figure out the characteristics and occurrence of talon cusps in a sample of Turkish population.

Methods

In this retrospective study, talon cusps in permanent dentition were evaluated on radiographs and intraoral photographs which were obtained from patients who were referred to Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Adnan Menderes University, Ayd?n, Turkey between January 2013 and January 2014.

Results

Talon cusps were observed in 365 of 4116 patients, with a frequency of 8.86 %. There were 208 (57 %) females and 157 (43 %) males with this variation. Maxillary canines were the most affected anterior teeth (40.83 %), followed by lateral incisors (39.60 %) and central incisors (19.55 %). Of the patients, 81 (22.19 %) had type I talon cusp with two periapical pathologies, 114 (31.23 %) had type II talon cusp with four periapical pathologies and 226 (61.91 %) had type III talon cusp with also four periapical pathologies.

Conclusions

The occurrence of talon cusps was higher than other studies reported in the literature, with an exception of the study in Alaskan Eskimos. The most commonly detected type of talon cusp was type III (61.91 %), and dens invaginatus was the most frequent variation observed with talon cusps.
  相似文献   
97.
Spondyloocular syndrome is characterized by generalized osteoporosis, multiple fractures and severe ocular findings. The causative XYLT2 mutations have recently been identified with the use of whole exome sequencing. We report on two siblings with spondyloocular syndrome who presented with varying clinical severity. A novel XYLT2 missense mutation was detected in a region evolutionary conserved across the species. This report along with the previous reports demonstrates that variable expressivity may be possible even within the same family. These two siblings with a novel mutation further expand the clinical and mutational spectrum of spondyloocular syndrome.  相似文献   
98.
BACKGROUND: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) induces proliferation of endothelial cells, stimulates angiogenesis, and increases vascular permeability, but information about its role in periodontal lesions is limited. The aim of this study is to determine the association between VEGF expression in healthy and periodontally diseased tissues of healthy and diabetic patients. METHODS: Ten systemically healthy and 10 Type 2 diabetic patients (DM) all diagnosed with periodontitis were enrolled into the study. Gingival samples were collected from both periodontal and healthy sites in all patients. Each patient served as his/her own control. Additionally, 10 people without any systemic or periodontal diseases were enrolled as a negative control group. RESULTS: In the negative control group tissue samples, no VEGF expression was observed. Among the 10 systemically healthy people, no evidence of VEGF was observed in healthy gingival samples, but was found in diseased tissues in 2 cases. In the diabetic patients, VEGF was observed in 4 healthy gingival tissues and in 6 periodontal sites. VEGF was intensely present in monocytes and macrophages. CONCLUSION: The results of this study show that VEGF is increased in gingival tissues of diabetic patients, especially those with periodontal disease.  相似文献   
99.

Purpose

To quantify normative corneal optical density (COD) values of healthy individuals and to investigate alterations in the COD in relation to their ocular and demographic characteristics.

Study design

Prospective, cross-sectional, and observational.

Methods

In total, 588 eyes from 588 healthy participants with clear corneas were consecutively enrolled. Corneal densitometry values expressed in standardized grayscale units (GSU) from different corneal layers and zones obtained using the rotating Pentacam Scheimpflug system were analyzed.

Results

The mean (SD) COD over the 12-mm diameter area was 14.4?±?2.74 GSU. A significant positive correlation was found between the participants’ age and the total COD (r?=?0.756, P?<?.001). No significant differences were found between males and females with respect to COD (P?=?.51). No significant correlation was found between the COD measurements and refractive error, pachymetry, and keratometry (P?>?.05 for all comparisons). On the other hand, COD was negatively correlated with white-to-white (WTW) corneal diameter (r?=???0.415, P?<?.001). Moreover, the WTW corneal diameter was correlated with the COD in any zone and layer of the cornea (P?<?.05 for all comparisons).

Conclusions

Wide variations in COD can be detected even in corneas deemed clinically clear. Age and corneal diameter that seem to influence corneal transparency should be taken into account when evaluating corneal backscatter.
  相似文献   
100.
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder that causes a significant decline in quality of life. There are numerous treatment options; however, real‐life data on the efficacy of these treatments is limited. This study was performed in two centers to describe clinical characteristics and assess treatment outcome in a cohort of 139 patients with HS. Data on demographic and clinical characteristics, Hurley stage and comorbidities were collected from patient charts and evaluated retrospectively. Treatment response was measured with HS clinical response index (HISCR). Mean body mass index was 27.8±4.88 . Inflammatory comorbidities were present in 23%. Among first‐line drugs systemic doxycycline resulted in 60% HISCR followed by rifampicin–clindamycin combination (46.4%). Isotretinoin had the lowest HISCR (30.7%) in this group. For second‐line therapies, all acitretin treated patients achieved response and patients treated with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) inhibitors had the highest HISCR. Currently recommended first‐line therapies have moderate efficacy in HS. Acitretin appears to be a reasonable alternative for the highly effective TNF‐α inhibitors in patients with severe and resistant HS. Overall, these results support that excessive inflammatory response play an important role in pathogenesis of HS.  相似文献   
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