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81.
The question of payment to egg donors has recently focused the attention of
both the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) and licensed
clinics. An acute shortage of egg donors and the rising costs of assisted
conception treatment are matters of grave concern to many patients. To
understand the emotional and social effects of egg sharing and egg
donation, we conducted a survey of attitudes in a group of women who had
some knowledge or experience of egg donation. A total of 750 questionnaires
were sent out of which 217 were returned within the specified time limit.
From these, 107 respondents had experience of egg donation and 110 had made
enquiries about donation. The data from these questionnaires were collated
and tabulated by the National Opinion Polls (NOP) Research Group. An
analysis of the data produced the following key findings: (i) donating or
sharing eggs is a social issue, 94% discuss it with
partners/family/friends; (ii) altruistic motives are not the prerogative of
non-patient volunteers-egg share donors felt that helping the childless was
as important as having a chance of in-vitro fertilization (IVF) for
themselves; (iii) the treatment procedure causes the most anxiety for egg
donors. The recipients were most concerned about delays, donor
characteristics and how the eggs were allocated; (iv) most respondents
(65%) with prior experience of egg sharing would do it again - 63% of egg
share donors, 72% of egg share recipients; (v) cash rewards to egg donors
and outright advertising for donors were rejected by 64 and 62% of the
sample respectively; and (vi) counselling was highly valued and there were
no instances of 'shattered lives' after treatment. The findings do not
support the recently announced intentions of the HFEA to disallow payment
to gamete donors on the grounds of devalued consent. There is no precedent
in modern medicine for egg sharing. The patients surveyed drew a clear
distinction between egg sharing and financial rewards. As long as egg
donation is not covered by the National Health Service, it is fairer to
offer egg sharing than to refuse treatment to those unable to pay.
相似文献
82.
Pregnancy following intracytoplasmic sperm injection treatment with dead husband's spermatozoa: ethical and policy considerations 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
Ahuja KK; Mamiso J; Emmerson G; Bowen-Simpkins P; Seaton A; Simons EG 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1997,12(6):1360-1363
This paper describes the first pregnancy in a childless widow after
intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatment with her deceased
husband's spermatozoa which had been stored for nearly 3 years before use.
Before his death the husband had received treatment for testicular cancer
and he had given the appropriate written consent for the future use of his
spermatozoa. Of the 10 eggs injected, six resulted in normal embryos. Three
embryos were transferred and the remaining three embryos are currently
stored for possible future use. The treatment resulted in a continuing
singleton pregnancy. The case demonstrated the suitability of ICSI in those
difficult cases where the sperm quality is extremely poor. This success is
also compared with a widely debated case of another widow who was refused
permission to use her deceased husband's spermatozoa. It is concluded that
in the case of posthumous use of frozen spermatozoa, the current laws are
conveniently applicable in a chronic illness but not so in an acute illness
leading to death. In the light of the wide public debate on the issues
raised by this legal case, the UK Government has also decided to conduct a
review of consent procedures involving the storage and use of genetic
material.
相似文献
83.
84.
Meiotic products of a Klinefelter 47,XXY male as determined by sperm fluorescence in-situ hybridization analysis 总被引:2,自引:5,他引:2
Estop AM; Munne S; Cieply KM; Vandermark KK; Lamb AN; Fisch H 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1998,13(1):124-127
The meiotic segregation of 24 spermatozoa obtained from a 47,XXY male is
described. Three-colour fluorescence in-situ hybridization with probes for
chromosomes X, Y and 18 was used. Five spermatozoa carried an X chromosome,
seven carried a Y, six had an XY gonosomal complement, five were missing
the sex chromosome and one spermatozoon was presumably diploid with an
XX/1818 complement. Our results support the hypothesis that XXY cells are
able to complete meiosis. In this patient, the percentage of spermatozoa
with an abnormal number of sex chromosomes increased from 1/6 (17%) among
spermatozoa with normal morphology to 11/18 (61%) in spermatozoa with
abnormal morphology.
相似文献
85.
We report the case of an 8 week old infant with fulminant autoimmune haemolytic anaemia refractory to conventional immunomodulating treatment. Massive haemolysis resulted in cardiac decompensation and acute renal failure which necessitated mechanical ventilation and peritoneal dialysis. Rituximab, a chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, halted progression of the haemolytic process, but the patient died of acute viral pneumonia and disseminated fungal infection. Earlier introduction of rituximab might have prevented the renal complications. Paediatricians should be aware of this useful therapeutic tool for treatment of refractory autoimmune haemolytic anaemia and balance its use against the risk of potential life threatening infection. 相似文献
86.
87.
自美国国家骨髓库(NMDP)开展第一例无关供者移植以来,至今已有20年.NMDP目前的库容量已逾700万,已为6大洲提供了30 000多份无关供者造血干细胞.这一辉煌成就是美国国家骨髓库600多名工作人员共同努力的结果,同时也得益于广泛的国际合作,包括171个移植中心,73个供者中心,24个脐血库,97个骨髓采集中心,91个血液净化中心,26个HLA分型实验室和26个合作供者登记处.本文回顾了美国国家骨髓库的历史,阐述了20年来移植病人、移植物来源和预处理方案几方面的主要变化趋势. 相似文献
88.
自美国国家骨髓库(NMDP)开展第一例无关供者移植以来,至今已有20年.NMDP目前的库容量已逾700万,已为6大洲提供了30 000多份无关供者造血干细胞.这一辉煌成就是美国国家骨髓库600多名工作人员共同努力的结果,同时也得益于广泛的国际合作,包括171个移植中心,73个供者中心,24个脐血库,97个骨髓采集中心,91个血液净化中心,26个HLA分型实验室和26个合作供者登记处.本文回顾了美国国家骨髓库的历史,阐述了20年来移植病人、移植物来源和预处理方案几方面的主要变化趋势. 相似文献
89.
90.
The potential of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging to demonstrate the mediastinal veins was evaluated retrospectively in 25 patients with no evidence of a venous abnormality, 28 patients who had narrowing or occlusion of a mediastinal vein, and two patients who had a venous anomaly. In patients with venous occlusion, the MR images graphically demonstrated the sites and extent. MR images also demonstrated slow flow within venous structures proximal to the obstruction. Generally, venous collaterals in the mediastinum and chest wall were better seen with contrast material-enhanced computed tomography scans. The marked contrast on MR images between the signal void of normal vascular structures, the moderate signal intensity of tumor, and the high signal intensity of a thrombus or slowly flowing blood allows ready detection of venous occlusion and may suggest the nature of the occlusion. 相似文献