Abrasion of Class 1 restorative resins

Abstract— Studies have been made on the abrasion by food of different restorative resins in standard Class 1 cavities in mandibular first molars of schoolchildren. The abrasion was recorded by measuring the increasing height of the exposed cavity walls. It was found that Sevriton Simplified® was abraded more than Adaptic®, that no difference in abrasion between Adaptic and Adaptic without filler could be demonstrated, and that Adaptic was abraded more than an experimental composite containing 30% by weight Aerosil®, an ultra-fine SiO₂, filler with a grain size of the order of 25–50 nm. The results are in accord with the findings in an initial study by one of the present authors, in which the fillings were placed in denture porcelain teeth. It is stressed that the conclusions of the present work are pertinent only to the type of abrasion studied, i.e. chewing of food without the possibility of direct contact between the fillings involved and the corresponding antagonists.     

CENTRALIZED MONITORING

An intensive care department has been in use for 4 years inthe anaesthetic department of the Rigshospitalet. Two yearsago a centralized monitoring system was installed and this isdescribed. The advantages of such a system are discussed anda drawing of the system given. Although a great help to thenurses, it is no substitute for them. Temperature recordingis centralized for all twelve beds. Cardiac and pulse monitoringis centralized for eight beds and the two cubicle beds, theequipment being wall-mounted. The personnel are well satisfiedwith the working of the system.     

Retrolental Fibroplasia and Treatment with Oxygen

Summary and Conclusion
Among 88 out of 100 surviving prematures with a birth weight of less than 2,000 g treated in the University Pediatric Clinic, Oslo, 1950–1953, 11 cases of retrolental fibroplasia were found, a total incidence of 13 per cent. Out of these 11 cases, 5 presented slight changes which left inconsiderable or slight residua, probably with no damage of vision; 4 presented severe changes which will probably affect the vision; and 2 became blind. No case of retrolental fibroplasia was seen among the prematures who had not been treated with oxygen. In 70 oxygen-treated prematures, including 11 cases of retrolental fibroplasia, no relationship was found between the duration of oxygen treatment and the occurrence of retrolental fibroplasia except that no case of retrolental fibroplasia was seen when the duration of oxygen treatment was less than 14 days. The results of these examinations may suggest that treatment with oxygen is not the only etiological factor responsible for retrolental fibroplasia, for most of the prematures treated with oxygen did not develop the disease.     

CYSTIC FIBROSIS IN DENMARK IN THE PERIOD 1945-1981 EVALUATION OF CENTRALIZED TREATMENT

Nielsen, O. H. and Schiøtz, P. O. (Paediatric Department TG, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark). Cystic fibrosis in Denmark in the period 1945-1981. Acta Paediatr Scand 1982; suppl 301: 107-119. — The present study gives a re-evaluation of the course of the prognosis for cystic fibrosis (CF) in Denmark in the period January 1, 1945 — September 15, 1981. A total of 490 patients fulfilled the criteria of entry.
Despite a rather constant annual incidence, the number of surviving CF patients is highly increasing: thus 31 patients were alive as on December 31, 1960, 119 as on December 31, 1970, and 223 as on December 31, 1980. The survival was further evaluated using the decrement method, where the patients are entered by time of birth or time of diagnosis, and the Warwick & Monson method, where the patients are entered by time of diagnosis. It applies to both methods that the underlying patient populations did not include patients with meconium ileus and patients with a retrospective or autopsy diagnosis. The probability of reaching the age of 10 years was 52% for CF patients treated exclusively in departments other than the CF centre as compared to 84% for the CF centre patients.
We conclude that the centralized treatment should be preserved for a so relatively uncommon disease as CF, both because our survival curves demonstrated the prognosis to be by far the better in the patients treated at the national CF centre and because centralized treatment alone can offer appropriate research conditions.     

Results of the Treatment of 191 Children with Tuberculous Meningitis in the Years 1949–54

The primary series of 191 children treated for tuberculous meningitis at the Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki, in 1949–54 is analysed to provide a background for the 103 recoveries who were given a thorough follow-up examination. The incidence of patients under 12 months of age was 12.5 per cent, and of those under 2 years of age 44.6 per cent. The youngest patient to recover was 7 weeks of age when tuberculous meningitis was diagnosed. The treatment schedules followed were mainly those used in the centres of D ebré and C occhi , although some personal modifications were introduced and new trends adopted.
The primary mortality rate dropped to 11 per cent in the last years from the high figure of 75 per cent in the first year of the streptomycin era. However, late mortality up to 3 1/2 years after discontinuing the treatment increased the final, total mortality rate of the series to 44.5 per cent. This emphasizes the importance of long-term treatment, which is now the generally accepted method in the treatment of tuberculous meningitis.     

Active root surface caries converted into inactive caries as a response to oral hygiene

Abstract — The clinical characteristics of 24 active root surface lesions on buccal surfaces were recorded through 18 months after implementation of meticulous toothbrushing with a fluoride toothpaste (F∼0.1%). Within a period of 2–6 months all lesions had changed from soft, greasy and yellowish to leathery or hard, darkly discoloured tissue, indicating a gradual transition from active into inactive stages of caries. The observations stress the dynamic nature of the root caries process. It is concluded 1) that when dealing with root surface caries it is essential to distinguish between active and inactive lesions and 2) that classical operative treatment to a great extent can be avoided.     

Reduction of the Pyrexial Response to Acute Myocardial Infarction by β-Adrenoceptor Blockade

ABSTRACT. We have studied the effect of β-adrenoceptor blockade on the pyrexial response to acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Temperatures of 22 patients treated with timolol, 20 mg daily, in the acute phase of AMI were compared to temperatures of 22 patients not receiving timolol treatment. Fever response after AMI was significantly reduced in the timolol-treated patients, maximal and mean temperature in the febrile period being lower and the febrile period being shorter. Reduction of fever in AMI may be of importance as a higher body temperature increases the risk of developing heart failure and arrhythmias. The study lends support to the use of β-adrenoceptor blockade in AMI. It also substantiates a possible role of β-adrenergic receptors in the regulation of body temperature during fever.