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51.
P. Meenakshi S. Ramya T. Shruthi J. Lavanya H. H. Mohammed S. A. Mohammed V. Vijayalakshmi G. Sumanlatha 《Scandinavian journal of immunology》2013,78(1):92-97
Tuberculosis (TB) constitutes the major cause of death due to infectious diseases. Cytokines play a major role in defence against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Polymorphisms in the genes encoding various cytokines have been associated with tuberculosis susceptibility. Household contacts (HHC) are at increased risk of developing the disease. In this study, we examined the association of IL‐1β and IL‐10 cytokine gene polymorphisms with risk of developing tuberculosis in TB patients, their HHC and healthy controls (HC) using JavaStat and SPSS. Multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) analyses were performed to explore the potential gene–gene interactions. The genotype and allele frequencies of IL‐1β +3954C/T polymorphism did not vary significantly between TB patients and HC. GG (P < 0.005, OR = 0.219 and 95% CI = 0.059–0.735) and GA (P < 0.0001, OR = 2.938 and 95% CI = 1.526–5.696) genotypes of IL‐10‐1082 G/A polymorphism were found to be significantly associated with patients versus HC. HHC with CC (P < 0.03, OR = 1.833 and 95% CI = 1.1–3.35) genotype in IL‐1β and GA (P < 0.0001, OR = 4.612 and 95% CI = 2.225–9.702) genotype in IL‐10 were at increased risk of developing tuberculosis. MDR tests revealed high‐risk genotypes in IL‐1β and IL‐10 based on the association model. Our results demonstrate that the polymorphisms of IL‐1β and IL‐10 genes may be valuable markers to predict the risk for the development of TB in household contacts. 相似文献
52.
Adinarayana Andukuri Will P. Minor Meenakshi Kushwaha Joel M. Anderson Ho-Wook Jun 《Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine》2010,6(2):289-297
The goal of this study is to develop unique native endothelium mimicking nanomatrices and evaluate their effects on adhesion and spreading of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and aortic smooth muscle cells (AoSMCs). These nanomatrices were developed by self-assembly of peptide amphiphiles (PAs) through a solvent evaporation technique. Three PAs, one containing the Tyr-Ile-Gly-Ser-Arg (YIGSR) ligand, the second containing the Val-Ala-Pro-Gly (VAPG) ligand, and a third without cell adhesive ligands, were developed. Cell adhesion and spreading were evaluated by a PicoGreen-DNA assay and live/dead assay, respectively. Our results show that PA-YIGSR significantly enhances HUVEC adhesion (26,704 ± 2708), spreading (84 ± 8%), and proliferation (50 ± 2%) compared with that of other PAs. PA-VAPG and PA-YIGSR showed significantly greater AoSMC adhesion compared with that of PA-S. PA-VAPG also showed significantly greater spreading of AoSMCs (63 ± 11%) compared with that of other PAs. Also, all the PAs showed significantly reduced platelet adhesion compared with that of collagen I (control). These findings would facilitate the development of novel vascular grafts, heart valves, and cell-based therapies for cardiovascular diseases.From the Clinical EditorThe goal of this study was to develop unique native endothelium mimicking nanomatrices and evaluate their effects on adhesion and spreading of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and aortic smooth muscle cells (AoSMCs). These nanomatrices were developed by self-assembly of peptide amphiphiles through a solvent evaporation technique. The findings are expected to facilitate the development of novel vascular grafts, heart valves, and cell based therapies for cardiovascular diseases. 相似文献
53.
54.
Mahesh C. Gupta Manjusha Mehrotra Sunita Arora Meenakshi Saran 《Indian journal of pediatrics》1991,58(2):269-274
Severely malnourished children (26), weight for age 55.27±3.17, were identified in a colony of predominantly Muslim urban
slum dwellers of low economic status. An equal number of normally nourished children matched for age, sex and per capita income
were identified. A strong relation was found between nutritional status of the subjects and educational level of their mothers
(P<0.025). Father's education was unrelated to childrens' nutritional status. A thirty seven point questionnaire was administered
to the mothers to record their nutritional knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP). Analysis revealed that better KAP in
relation to 16 of these 37 questions was not associated with better nutritional status. Seven questions were found to have
only a weak association. The remaining 14 questions were identified as important for a nutrition education programme. Comparison
of nutritional KAP score based on these 14 questions in case of mothers of normal and severely malnourished children revealed
a significantly higher score in the former. Questions related to growth monitoring and breast feeding were not found to be
important. No significant association was found between mothers' KAP and educational level. It is concluded that (i) Maternal education and KAP are significantly and independently associated with childrens' nutritional status. (ii) The content areas of knowledge, attitudes and practices significantly associated with nutritional status pertain to nutritional
requirements of children, nutritional value of foods, immunisation, hygiene, oral rehydration and diarrhea. 相似文献
55.
56.
Bharathi MJ Ramakrishnan R Vasu S Meenakshi R Palaniappan R 《Indian journal of ophthalmology》2002,50(2):109-114
PURPOSE: To analyse the in-vitro efficacy of commonly used antibacterials against bacterial pathogens from corneal ulcers. METHODS: We evaluated 596 patients seen over 18 months, period, September 1999 through March 2001. Corneal scrapings were subjected to microscopy and cultures using standard protocols. Antibacterial susceptibility of isolated bacteria were determined by the Kirby-Bauer disc-diffusion method. RESULTS: 626 bacterial pathogens were isolated from 596 corneal ulcer cases. 411(65.65%) were gram positive cocci Streptococcus pneumoniae (41.85%) was the predominant bacterial species. The antibacterial susceptibility was: 451(72.04%) to cefazolin, 471(75.24%) to chloramphenicol; 321(51.28%) to cephaloridine; 430(68.69%) to vancomycin; 564(90.09%) to ciprofloxacin; 429(68.53%) to norfloxacin; 464(74.12%) to gentamicin and 202(32.27%) to co.trimoxazole. CONCLUSION: This study provides information on the efficacy of ocular antibacterials commonly used against bacterial pathogens of keratitis. It is hoped that this information will help decision-making in empiric initial treatment of bacterial keratitis. 相似文献
57.
58.
Sachdeva M Kaur S Nagpal M Dewan SP 《Indian journal of dermatology, venereology and leprology》2002,68(6):334-337
Five hundred unselected newborn babies delivered in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Unit II of SGBT Hospital attached to Government Medical College, Amritsar during April 2000 to October 2000 were examined for cutaneous lesions daily for the first five days after birth. Different cutaneous lesions were seen in 474(94.8%) newborns. The physiological skin changes observed in order of frequency were Epstein pearls in 305(61%), Mongolian spot in 301(60.2%), superficial cutaneous desquamation in 200(40%), icterus in 128(25.6%), milia in 119(23.8%), sebaceous gland hyperplasia in 107(21.4%), occipital alopecia in 94(18.8%), lanugo in 72(14.4%), peripheral cyanosis in 47(9.4%), breast hypertrophy in 29(5.8%) and miniature puberty in 28(5.6%) newborns. Of the transient non-infective skin diseases, erythema toxicum neonatorum was observed most commonly in 105(21%), followed by miliaria rubra in 103(20.6%) and acne neonatorum in 27(5.4%) newborns. The naevi and other developmental defects in the descending order were salmon patch in 69(13.8%), congenital melanocytic noevi in 10(2%), accessory tragi in 3(0.6%), spina bifida in 2(0.4%), hydrocephalus in 1(0.2%) and poliosis in 1(0.2%) newborns. Cradle cap was the only dermatitis observed in 50(10%) newborns. One (0.2%) case each of Harlequin ichthyosis and labial cyst was seen. 相似文献
59.
Whitman GJ Niklason LT Pandit M Oliver LC Atkins EH Kinnard O Alexander AH Weiss MK Sunku K Schulze ES Greene RE 《Current problems in diagnostic radiology》2002,31(2):48-62
In the evaluation of asbestos-related pulmonary and pleural abnormalities, conventional chest radiography has been shown to have a low sensitivity for the detection of lung nodules and subtle interstitial disease. Pleural plaques may simulate pulmonary nodules, and interstitial processes can be masked by adjacent pleural abnormalities. Dual-energy digital subtraction chest radiography may enable investigators to characterize asbestos-related pulmonary and pleural abnormalities with greater accuracy. "Soft-tissue" images, designed to remove pleural calcifications, may allow for better evaluation of the lung parenchyma. "Bone" images, designed to remove soft-tissue structures, may enhance the detection of pleural calcifications. In this pictorial essay we illustrate the methods, technical considerations, and limitations of dual-energy digital subtraction chest radiography performed with global subtraction weighting factors. 相似文献
60.
Summary Anthropometric measurements comprising height, weight, sitting height, arm span, horizontal, vertical and circumferential
chest dimensions, taken in 255 school boys from a lower middle class urban population were statistically analysed. The data
have been tabulated, and the interrelationships between the various measurements examined and discussed.
From the Department of Physiology, Kilpauk Medical College, Madras—10. 相似文献