Systematic review of outcomes and meta-analysis of risk factors for prognosis after liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma without cirrhosis

Long-term overall survival (OS) after liver resection for non-cirrhotic hepatocellular carcinoma (NCHCC) has been reported recently. The aim of this study was to review outcomes systematically and analyze risk factors for survival after surgical resection for HCC without cirrhosis. A literature search was performed of the PubMed and Embase databases for papers published between January 1995 and October 2012, which focused on hepatic resection for HCC without underlying cirrhosis. Cochrane systematic review methodology was used for this review. Outcomes were OS, operative mortality and disease-free survival (DFS). Pooled hazard ratios (HR) were calculated using the random effects model for parameters considered as potential prognostic factors. Totally, 26 retrospective case series were eligible for inclusion. The 1-, 3- and 5-year OS rate after surgical resection of NCHCC ranged from 62% to 100%, 46.3%–78.0%, and 30%–64%, respectively. The corresponding DFS rates ranged from 48.7% to 84%, 31.0%–66.0%, and 24.0%–58.0%, respectively. Five variables were related to poor survival: multiple tumors (HR 1.68, 95%CI 1.25–2.11); larger tumor size (HR 2.66, 95%CI 1.69–3.63); non-clear resection margin (R0 resection) (HR 3.52, 95%CI 1.63–5.42); poor tumor stage (HR 2.61, 95%CI 1.64–3.58); and invasion of the lymphatic vessels (HR 4.85, 95%CI 2.67–7.02). In sum, hepatic resection provides excellent OS rates for patients with NCHCC, and results have tended to improve recently. Risk factors for poor prognosis comprise multiple tumors, lager tumor size, non-R0 resection and invasion of the lymphatic vessels.     

Overlapping obesity-related glomerulopathy and immunoglobulin A nephropathy: clinical and pathologic characteristics and prognosis

Clinical and Experimental Nephrology - In this study, we investigated the clinical and pathologic characteristics and prognosis of overlapping obesity-related glomerulopathy (ORG) and...     

Regional anaesthesia for orthopaedic procedures

Regional anaesthetic techniques are fundamental in the anaesthetic care of orthopaedic patients. They may be used as the primary anaesthetic technique or to provide postoperative pain relief. Compared to general anaesthesia alone, regional techniques can provide superior perioperative analgesia, fewer systemic drug adverse effects such as nausea, vomiting and confusion, and earlier mobilization which can reduce nosocomial complications and facilitate expedited hospital discharge. Disadvantages include block failure, nerve injury, unrecognised injury to the anaesthetised limb, prolonged motor blockade and local anaesthetic toxicity. Preoperative assessment should identify contraindications, document pre-existing neurological deficits, and clarify surgical and perioperative aims. Informed consent should be obtained after a clear explanation of the procedure, its risks, and potential complications. Serious and long-term neurological complications are rare and may be reduced by an awake regional technique, sonographic guidance, regular aspiration and by ensuring low pressure injections. Postoperative follow-up is essential and suspicious neurological findings should be detected, investigated, and managed in an early and timely manner.     

COVID-19 in pediatric kidney transplantation: The Improving Renal Outcomes Collaborative

There are limited data on the impact of COVID-19 in children with a kidney transplant (KT). We conducted a prospective cohort study through the Improving Renal Outcomes Collaborative (IROC) to collect clinical outcome data about COVID-19 in pediatric KT patients. Twenty-two IROC centers that care for 2732 patients submitted testing and outcomes data for 281 patients tested for SARS-CoV-2 by PCR. Testing indications included symptoms and/or potential exposures to COVID-19 (N = 134, 47.7%) and/or testing per hospital policy (N = 154, 54.8%). Overall, 24 (8.5%) patients tested positive, of which 15 (63%) were symptomatic. Of the COVID-19-positive patients, 16 were managed as outpatients, six received non-ICU inpatient care and two were admitted to the ICU. There were no episodes of respiratory failure, allograft loss, or death associated with COVID-19. To estimate incidence, subanalysis was performed for 13 centers that care for 1686 patients that submitted all negative and positive COVID-19 results. Of the 229 tested patients at these 13 centers, 10 (5 asymptomatic) patients tested positive, yielding an overall incidence of 0.6% and an incidence among tested patients of 4.4%. Pediatric KT patients in the United States had a low estimated incidence of COVID-19 disease and excellent short-term outcomes.     

不同年龄非特异性腰痛患者腰椎曲度相关因素分析

目的 分析不同年龄段非特异性腰痛患者人口学因素、临床特征及竖脊肌形态与腰椎曲度的相关性.方法 选取2016年1月—2019年12月首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院和国家电网北京电力医院收治的临床影像学资料完整的非特异性腰痛患者99例,记录患者年龄、性别、体质量指数(BMI)、腰痛持续时间、腰痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分.于腰椎侧位X线片测量腰椎前凸角,于腰椎横断面MRI测量L4,5节段去除脂肪信号后的双侧竖脊肌横截面积(CSA)及L4 CSA.依据患者年龄分为≥65岁组(16例)和<65岁组(83例),比较2组人口学因素、腰痛持续时间、VAS评分、竖脊肌参数和腰椎前凸角的差异,并分析腰椎前凸角与其他指标的相关性.结果 <65岁组L4,5节段竖脊肌CSA/L4 CSA高于≥65组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).2组性别、BMI、VAS评分、腰痛持续时间及腰椎前凸角差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).在<65岁组中,相关性检验显示性别和L4,5节段竖脊肌CSA/L4 CSA与腰椎前凸角存在相关性,多元线性回归分析显示腰椎前凸角与L4,5节段竖脊肌CSA/L4 CSA呈正线性相关.在≥65岁组中,相关性检验显示腰椎前凸角与年龄和L4,5节段竖脊肌CSA/L4 CSA存在相关性,多元线性回归分析显示年龄与腰椎前凸角呈负线性相关、与L4,5节段竖脊肌CSA/L4 CSA呈正线性相关.结论 非特异性腰痛患者性别、年龄、L4,5节段竖脊肌CSA/L4 CSA与腰椎曲度均存在相关性,<65岁的患者腰椎曲度与性别相关,≥65岁的患者腰椎曲度与年龄相关,而腰椎曲度与L4,5节段竖脊肌CSA/L4 CSA的相关性不依赖于年龄.