日本血吸虫童虫保护性单克隆抗体的建株和鉴定

本研究获8株抗日本血吸虫(中国大陆株)童虫的单克隆抗体,从中确定一株具有体内保护性功能的单克隆抗体(编号为N15D9),其保护率范围为14-39％。经间接免疫荧光法和ELISA试验检测,N15D9能与尾蚴、3h龄机械转化童虫和5d龄肺童虫的表膜抗原反应。经3h龄机械童虫可溶性抗原的免疫印迹法分析,N15D9能识别132、96和10kDa抗原分子。     

Clinical analysis of congenital bile duct dilatation: Experience with 160 patients over a 7-year period

From July 1989, to June 1996, 160 patients with congenital bile duct dilatation (CBD) were treated at our institution. The incidence of CBD at our institution has increased annually. In approximately 90% of patients with CBD there was associated anomalous arrangement of the pancreaticobiliary ductal system, and we concluded that this was one of the main causes of CBD. Pediatric endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography was first introduced to China in 1989, and has been successfully performed in 90.2% of 92 patients at our institution. We found that age at diagnosis was closely related to the subtype, complications, and mortality of CBD. The subtype also correlated with the presenting symptoms. One hundred and forty-seven of the 160 patients underwent surgery. Of these 147 patients, 136 (92.5%) were cured with normal liver function and 9 (6.1%) improved with liver impairment. Two patients died, one of postoperative pneumonia and one of liver failure. We conclude that early radical surgery and careful postoperative follow-up are essential in the prevention of CBD complications such as cholangitis, pancreatitis, biliary stones, and development of carcinoma. This article is based on a special lecture delivered before the 19th meeting of the Japanese Society of Pancreatico-biliary Maljunction, on September 14, 1996, in Tokyo     

中草药红背丝绸不同成分对内皮素-1效应拮抗作用的研究

本文用中草药红背丝绸醇提物、乙酸乙脂提取物和单体ＣＡ－１２０１ 三种不同成分对ＥＴ－１ 在动物整体及离体水平生物学效应的拮抗作用进行了研究。结果发现：这三种成分对ＥＴ－１ 致小鼠进行死亡有保护作用，使得小鼠的死亡率及死亡数下降；并可拮抗ＥＴ－１ 致胸主动脉的缩血管效应，醇提物和乙酸乙脂提取物（１０－ ７母液）拮抗ＥＴ 缩血管效应分别为５７．２７％ 和５８．６１％ ；ＣＡ－１２０１ １０－ ８和１０－ ９ Ｍ 亦能拮抗ＥＴ－１ 的缩血管效应；醇提物和乙酸乙脂提取物口服及ＣＡ－１２０１ 静脉注射后能拮抗ＥＴ－１ 的升压作用，拮抗ＥＴ－１ 作用均呈现明显的剂量依赖性。提示中草药红背丝绸不同成分可拮抗ＥＴ－１ 的生物学效应。     

早期肠道营养对烧伤后肠源性高代谢的影响

从８０年代末起，通过对６００只大（豚）鼠、６０只兔和６０头小香猪所建立的４种烧伤后早期营养的动物模型，以及２１例严重烧伤病人对比分析，发现烧伤后早期肠道喂养可改善胃肠道血流供应，减轻肠道缺血再灌流损伤；可维护肠粘膜结构以及吸收、分泌、运动功能，降低门脉、中心静脉血内毒素水平，减少肠道内毒素易位；可降低伤后枯否细胞获得数、吞噬墨汁枯否细胞数和面积，以及其培养上清中肿瘤坏死因子（ＴＮＦ）量，对伤后枯否细胞的活化有刺激作用；可降低血胰高糖素、皮质醇、儿茶酚胺、ＴＮＦ、ＩＬ－８前列腺素Ｅ２（ＰＧＥ２）等递质的水平，降低高代谢，使烧伤４５％成人静息能量消耗（ＲＥＥ）在烧伤后４、８、１４ｄ的均值降低２８．６％。通过相关分析发现ＲＥＥ与血丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）、内毒素、分解激素、ＴＮＦ均呈显著正相关（ｒ＝０．７３８６～０．９９２２，Ｐ＜０．０５～０．０１）。     

帕金森氏病和肌营养不良症（Erb型）中线粒体DNA的部分缺失

用ＰＣＲ技术对１２例神经肌肉性疾病患者的１６个标本进行了线粒体ＤＮＡ缺失情况的研究。发现２例帕金森氏病患者的肌肉组织以及其中１例的外周血和另１例肌营养不良（Ｅｒｂ型）患者的肌肉组织中线粒体ＤＮＡ至少有５２６ｂｐ的缺失。还对线粒体ＤＮＡ的部分缺失与疾病发生的关系进行了讨论。     

豚鼠内耳前庭感觉毛细胞的分离

用机械分离法从豚鼠前庭感觉上皮中分离出不同种类的前庭感觉毛细胞（ＶＨＣ）。ＶＨＣ主要可分为Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型细胞。两种细胞形态虽有所差异，但一般均有四形或瓶形胞体，胞核位于细胞基部，胞颈和纤毛变化较大。细胞的活性可通过１％中性红染色鉴定，发现在室温下，１ｈ内大约９０％以上的分离ＶＨＣ可维持其正常形态和活性。并参照对外毛细胞形态的研究提出活性ＶＨＣ的鉴别标准。此项工作为进一步研究ＶＨＣ的感觉机制和某些疾病的发生机理打下了基础。     

县级医院经济活力及其与不同奖金制度之间的关系分析

该利用山东省县级医院普查资料，通过比较性分析方法，对奖金制度转变和医院经济活力之间的关系进行了分析。研究结果表明：在过去的20年中，医院经济活力得到了较大提高，奖金制度转变有利于医院提高经济活力。     

硬膜外控自动镇痛泵用于剖宫产术后临床观察

目的 :观察硬膜外腔自动镇痛泵 (AFA)用于剖宫产术后镇痛效果及对产后各项生理指标的影响。方法 :选择剖宫产术后患者 10 0例 ,随机分为两组 ,每组各 5 0例。硬膜外腔自动镇痛泵内含有 0 75 %布比卡因 15ml,0 5 %布比卡因 0 5ml,氟哌啶醇 5mg ,吗啡 8mg ,麻黄素 15mg ,生理盐水 80ml,以每小时 2ml速度给药 ,持续给药 48小时 ,对照组则不给任何药物。采用视觉模拟评分法 ,分别观察 2组患者术后的疼痛情况 ,肠蠕动恢复时间 ,拔尿管后排尿情况 ,产后出血、子宫复旧、泌乳情况及下床活动早晚情况 ,以及是否有恶心、呕吐、呼吸抑制等。结果 :①术后镇痛泵组患者术后无明显疼痛感 ,镇痛效果好 ,而对照组患者术后有明显疼痛感 (P <0 0 1) ;②镇痛泵组患者术后肠蠕动恢复时间为 (16 68±9 3 2 )h ,对照组 (16 2 3± 10 1)h ,两者比较无明显差异 (P >0 0 5 ) ;③术后尿管拔除后尿潴留发生率 ,镇痛泵组 8例 ,对照组 2例 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 ) ;④镇痛泵组下床活动时间为 (19± 5 )h ,明显早于对照组 (2 7± 8)h ,两组比较差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 ) ;⑤ 2组患者产后出血、泌乳情况、子宫复旧、术后恶心呕吐、呼吸抑制发生情况比较 ,差异均无显著性(P >0 0 5 )。结论 :硬膜外自动镇痛泵具有良好的镇痛     

Antitumor activity of polysaccharide from a Chinese medicinal herb, Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.

The results of experiments with Acanthopanax giraldii polysaccharide (AGP) demonstrated that it inhibited the growth of solid Sarcoma 180 and prolonged the survival time significantly. In tumor-bearing mice, AGP enhanced the phagocytosis and chemiluminescence of macrophages. By the immunofluorescent method, binding of the third component of complement (C3) cleavage product to macrophages and proportion of C3 positive cells were increased. In crossed immunoelectrophoresis, human serum C3 was converted by AGP and appeared as the 3rd peak. The height of the 3rd peak was directly proportional to doses of AGP. The residual CH50 units of human serum decreased dose-dependently. These results suggest that the antitumor activity of AGP is related to the enhancement of immune responses.