Bex2 Controls Proliferation of Human Glioblastoma Cells Through NF-κB Signaling Pathway

Glioblastoma is the most common and fatal human brain malignancy in adults with highly proliferative capacity. Despite advances in surgery and adjuvant therapy, the median survival of patients has changed little over recent decades. Identifying molecules critical for glioma development is significant for devising effective targeted therapy. We previously reported that Bex2, a member of the brain expressed X-linked gene family, promoted the progression of glioma by promoting cell proliferation. In the present study, we investigated the main mechanism of Bex2 promoting the proliferation of glioblastoma cells. We found that Bex2 downregulation inhibited glioma cell proliferation and the expression of NF-κB p65, but Bex2 overexpression promoted them. Similarly, the proliferation of glioma cells was inhibited by p65 downregulation but increased by p65 overexpression. In addition, Bex2 overexpression-induced cell proliferation was abolished by p65 downregulation. Furthermore, Bex2 with nuclear localization signal deleted no longer promoted p65 expression. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that Bex2 promotes proliferation of human glioblastoma cells via NF-κB signaling pathway and Bex2 nuclear location is critical for p65 expression.     

Prevalence of human papillomavirus infection in esophageal and cervical cancers in the high incidence area for the two diseases from 2007 to 2009 in Linzhou of Henan Province,Northern China

The etiological role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in cervical cancer has been well established. However, it is inconclusive whether HPV plays the same role in esophageal carcinogenesis. In this study, we detected HPV infection in 145 frozen esophageal tissues, including 30 normal epithelium (ENOR), 37 dysplasia (DYS) and 78 invasive squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and in 143 frozen cervical tissues composed of 30 normal epithelium (CNOR), 38 intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and 75 invasive squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). The patients and symptom-free subjects enrolled in this study were from a high-incidence area for both ESCC and CSCC, Linzhou City, Northern China, from 2007 to 2009. The HPV infection analysis was conducted by using an HPV GenoArray Test Kit. We found that the high-risk HPV types accounted for more than 90 % of the HPV-positive lesions of esophagus and cervix tissues. The prevalence of high-risk HPV types increased significantly during the progression of both esophageal and cervical carcinogenesis (positive rate in esophageal tissues: 33 % ENOR, 70 % in DYS and 69 % in ESCC; positive rate in cervical tissues: 27 % in CNOR, 82 % in CIN and 88 % in CSCC; P < 0.001, respectively). Infection with the high-risk HPV types increased the risk for both DYS and ESCC by 4-fold (DYS vs. ENOR: OR = 4.73, 95 %CI = 1.68-13.32; ESCC vs. ENOR: OR = 4.50, 95 %CI = 1.83-11.05) and increased the risk for both CIN and CSCC by 12-fold and 20-fold (CIN vs. CNOR: OR = 12.18, 95 %CI = 3.85-38.55; CSCC vs. CNOR: OR = 20.17, 95 %CI = 6.93-58.65), respectively. The prevalence of high-risk types in ESCC patients was lower than that in CSCC patients (P = 0.005) and was significantly associated with the degree of ESCC tumor infiltration (P = 0.001). HPV 16 was the most prevalent subtype in both esophageal and cervical tissues. Single HPV infection increased significantly along with the progression of ESCC and maintained a high level in cervical tissues, regardless of whether they were CNOR or CSCC tissues. Our results showed that infection with HPV, especially the high-risk types, was positively associated with both esophageal and cervical cancers, suggesting that HPV also plays a role in the etiology of ESCC in the high-incidence area.     

Vocal pattern detection of depression among older adults

Depression is a serious problem for many older adults but is too often undetected by the person, family or providers. Although vocal patterns have been successfully used to detect and predict depression in adults aged 18 to 65 years, no studies to date have included older adults. The study purpose was to determine whether vocal patterns associated with clinical depression in younger people also signify depression in older adults. An observational, repeated measures design was used to enroll 46 volunteer older adults who completed a semi‐structured interview composed the 9‐item Patient Health Questionnaire or PHQ‐9 depression scale and selected speech measures. Recorded interviews were analysed by machine learning algorithms to evaluate whether vocal patterns may predict presence of depression in older adults. In this study, using the PHQ‐9 and a supervised machine learning algorithm accurately predicted high and low depression scores between 86% and 92% of the time. Change in raw PHQ‐9 scores between interview cycles was predicted within 1.17 points. These results provide strong and promising evidence that vocal patterns can be used effectively to detect clinical depression in adults who are 65 years and older.     

Symbiotic collision tumour of the scalp: squamous cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma

Cutaneous collision tumours are the co-existence of two tumours of different histopathological morphologies that coincide at the same or adjacent anatomical sites. A large scalp nodule excised from a 70 year-old man revealed a collision tumour composed of cells of squamous carcinoma (SCC) and malignant melanoma. Immunohistochemistry using dual staining for melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma demonstrated an unusual pattern; nests of melanoma cells surrounded by a layer of squamous carcinoma cells. The unique architecture observed in the case suggested a relationship between the two tumours.     

Effect of pre- and postganglionic nerve divisions on normal postnatal and hydrocortisone-induced development of small intensely fluorescent cells in rat superior cervical ganglion

The left superior cervical ganglion of 3- or 23-day-old rats was subjected to pre- and/or postganglionic nerve division or sham operation, while the right ganglion was left intact. The animals were killed 20 or 60 days after the operation. Some animals were injected with 20 mg/kg hydrocortisone daily for 7 days and killed on the 8th day.Fluorescence microscopical examination revealed a normal postnatal increase in the number of small intensely fluorescent cells/ganglion after pre- or postganglionic nerve division, in spite of marked decreases in the volume of the operated ganglia. Combined pre- and postganglionic nerve division, which caused a dramatic loss of ganglion volume, entirely prevented the postnatal increase in the number of small intensely fluorescent cells. Hydrocortisone caused a large increase in the number of small intensely fluorescent cells both in intact and operated ganglia, including those in whom both pre- and postganglionic nerves had been divided.It is concluded that combined pre- and postganglionic denervation, in contrast to either operation alone, prevents the normal proliferation of the small intensely fluorescent cells possibly by causing an extensive loss of principal nerve cells which deprives the small intensely fluorescent cells of their normal contacts with the principal cells. Since the increase in the number of small intensely fluorescent cells due to hydrocortisone injections was not prevented by pre- and postganglionic denervation it must be due to a mechanism different from that responsible for the formation of small intensely fluorescent cells during normal postnatal development.     

Effects of N-acetylcysteine on acute necrotizing pancreatitis in rats

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) induced by glycodeoxycholic acid in rats. The induction of ANP resulted in significant increase in mortality rate, pancreatic necrosis and serum activity of amylase, alanine aspartate transferase (ALT), interleukin-6 (IL-6), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, serum concentration of urea, tissue activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the pancreas and lung, and significant decrease of concentrations of calcium, blood pressure, urine output and pO(2). The use of NAC inhibited the changes in urine output, pO(2), tissue activity of MPO and MDA in pancreas and lungs, and the serum activity of IL-6, ALT, and serum concentrations of urea and calcium. NAC reduced the mortality and pancreatic damage. The use of NAC has a beneficial effect on the course of ANP in rats. It may be used in the treatment of acute pancreatitis.     

心脏穿透伤224例的临床分型和处理

目的　为了比较不同时期心脏穿透伤 (PCT)的流行病学、诊治疗效的发展趋势 ,探讨临床分型对 PCT救治的指导意义以及影响预后的因素。　方法　对 15家三级医院 1990年 1月～ 2 0 0 1年 10月收治的 PCT共 2 2 4例进行回顾性研究 ,按年代的先后将其分为两组 ,组 1(1990年 1月～ 1995年 12月 ,92例 )和组 2 (1996年 1月～ 2 0 0 1年 10月 ,132例 ) ;并根据入院时的临床表现分为亚临床型、临床型 ,后者又分为心脏压塞型和失血休克型。　结果　亚临床型 5 3例 ,其院前时间 (T1)、入院时修订创伤计分 1(RTS1)分别为 0 .74± 0 .5 4小时和 5 .35± 0 .87;临床型171例 ,T1、RTS1分别为 1.5 0± 2 .6 0小时和 4 .2 9± 1.6 4 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,两型的麻醉时修订创伤计分 (RTS2 )、损伤严重度评分 (ISS)差别无显著性意义 (P>0 .0 5 )。全组死亡 36例 ,总死亡率 16 .0 7%。其中亚临床型死亡 2例 ,心脏压塞型 9例 ,失血休克型 2 5例。组 1死亡 2 0例 ,死亡率为 2 1.74 % ;组 2死亡 16例 ,死亡率下降至 12 .12 % (P<0 .0 1)。　结论　 PCT的发生率呈逐年增高趋势 ,要提高 PCT的抢救成功率 ,应加强院前救治和转运 ,简化诊断方法 ,尽早开胸手术治疗。临床分型对救治具有指导意义。     

电子胃镜在肥胖代谢手术围手术期的应用

当代社会经济快速发展,人们生活水平改善迅速,能量过剩导致的肥胖症发病率在世界范围内逐年升高,而我国肥胖症患者人数已跃居世界第一[1].肥胖代谢手术作为治疗肥胖症的重要手段之一,已在全球范围内被广泛应用[2-4].我国的肥胖代谢手术,依靠长期科普及良好的减重效果逐渐被需要做手术的肥胖症患者所接受,手术例数也呈逐年上升趋势...