完善课堂教学评估体系提高成人高等教育教学质量

结合当前教育教学评估的大趋势,探讨如何从课堂教学的管理组织结构、实施关键环节、反馈处理等方面,完善成人高等教育课堂教学评估体系建设,以提升课堂教学水平,保证教学质量。     

A simple high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of brazilin and its application to a pharmacokinetic study in rats

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Caesalpinia sappan is a medicinal plant native to China popularly used to treat chronic pelvic inflammation, dysmenorrhea and hysteromyoma. Its main bioactive component is brazilin which had presented antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-platelet aggregation activities. To establish a sensitive, selective, reproducible, and accurate high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for the quantitative determination of brazilin in plasma, and study the pharmacokinetics of brazilin in rats after intravenous administration of brazilin.

Materials and methods

Rats received intravenous injection of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg of brazilin. Concentrations of brazilin in plasma were determined by HPLC method at different time points and all pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated by non-compartmental analysis with WinNonLin 6.2 software.

Results

After single intravenous doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg brazilin in rats, the main PK parameters were as follows: C_max were 18.1±4.1, 46.7±8.7 and 82.2±9.6 µg/mL; AUC_0–24 were 20.4±4.3, 48.7±6.8 and 90.4±10.3 µg h/mL; and t_1/2 were 5.4±1.5, 5.8±0.9 and 6.2±1.2 h, respectively.

Conclusion

It showed that the brazilin was eliminated moderately in rat by intravenous injection route with t_1/2 of 6 h and showed a dose-dependence profile of C_max and AUC_0–24 at the doses of 25~100 mg/kg of brazilin for injection in rats.     

血脂康对不同证候类型CHD患者血脂及内皮细胞功能水平的影响

目的：观察血脂康对不同证候类型冠心病患者血脂水平和血管内皮功能的影响,以进一步明确其降脂作用.方法：随机选择4种冠心病常见证候类型各50例冠心病患者为治疗组,另随机选择了50例冠心病患者作为对照组,50名健康体检者作为健康对照组.对照组采用常规治疗;治疗组在常规治疗的基础上给予血脂康治疗12周,观察两组治疗前后内皮素（ET-1）、一氧化氮（NO）和血脂水平变化.结果：冠心病心血瘀阻证和痰阻心脉证治疗组用药后各项血脂指标与用药前和对照组用药后相比都具有显著差异（P＜0.05）;冠心病心血瘀阻证和痰阻心脉证治疗组用药后血管内皮功能指标与用药前、对照组用药后相比都具有显著差异（P＜0.01）;冠心病心血瘀阻证和痰阻心脉证治疗组的心绞痛改善疗效和心电图改善疗效优于心阴亏虚证和心气亏虚证组（P＜0.05）.结论：血脂康对冠心病心血瘀阻证和痰阻心脉证患者总体治疗效果和血脂水平及血管内皮功能的改善效果优于心阴亏虚证和心气亏虚证冠心病患者,提示血脂康对冠心病标实证的患者要优于本虚证的患者.     

参苓白术散对大黄引起的脾虚泄泻作用机制的研究

目的探讨参苓白术散对脾虚泄泻小鼠的止泻作用和免疫功能的影响，并揭示脾虚免疫功能下降与泄泻之间的机制。方法采用大黄泄下法制造脾虚泄泻小鼠模型，给予参苓白术散进行治疗，观察小肠碳末推进率、胸腺及脾质量、胸腺／脾质量指数、RBC—C3b—RR、RBC—IC—R、巨噬细胞的吞噬功能、血清淀粉酶和D-木糖的变化，并进行病理学观察。结果参苓白术散有明显的止泻作用，可以提高RBC—C3b—RR及降低RBC—IC—R，可以提高脾虚泄泻小鼠的胸腺／脾质量指数，能抑制小鼠的碳末推进率，提高血清淀粉酶和D-木糖的含量。结论参苓白术散有修复胃肠黏膜，维持胃肠道黏膜屏障的作用。     

合欢花化学成分的研究

目的 :对合欢花化学成分进行研究。方法 :用色谱法和光谱法分离鉴定化学成分。结果 :从合欢花石油醚和乙酸乙酯部分得到 2个化合物 ,鉴定为二十四烷酸和槲皮甙。结论 :均为首次从该植物中分得。     

Chinikomycins A and B: isolation, structure elucidation, and biological activity of novel antibiotics from a marine Streptomyces sp. isolate M045

In our screening of marine Streptomycetes for bioactive principles, two novel antitumor antibiotics designated as chinikomycins A (2a) and B (2b) were isolated together with manumycin A (1), and their structures were elucidated by a detailed interpretation of their spectra. Chinikomycins A (2a) and B (2b) are chlorine-containing aromatized manumycin derivatives of the type 64-pABA-2 with an unusual para orientation of the side chains. They exhibited antitumor activity against different human cancer cell lines, but were inactive in antiviral, antimicrobial, and phytotoxicity tests.     

中药与微量元素联合应用治疗冠心病的效果观察

目的探讨中药葛根、山楂、决明子与微量元素硒、锌联合应用治疗冠心病的效果。方法将上述成分制成内服液体制剂。225例冠心病住院患者服用该液体制剂,每次40mL,每日2次,疗程4周。观察患者治疗后心绞痛改善情况,心电图以及左室舒张功能的变化。结果中药葛根、山楂、决明子与微量元素硒、锌联合应用对心绞痛的总有效率为94.6%,心绞痛发作频率及持续时间比治疗前明显减少(P<0.001),心电图ST段、T波以及左室舒张功能均明显改善。结论中药葛根、山楂、决明子与微量元素硒、锌联合应用治疗冠心病疗效较好。     

补肾填精方对老龄大鼠脑细胞脂褐素及外周血SOD.LPO含量的影响观察

补肾填精方具有降低老龄鼠脑细胞脂褐素的含量，改善外周血ＳＯＤ、ＬＰＯ浓度的作用，有一定的延缓衰老的作用。     

中药红曲的生药学及质量控制标准的研究

目的：建立中药红曲的质量控制方法。方法：对中药红曲进行显微鉴定,采用薄层色谱法进行定性鉴别,并采用高效液相色谱法对红曲所含主要有效成分洛伐他汀（ｌｏｖａｓｔａｔｉｎ）进行含量测定。结果：显微镜下可见红曲样品粉末中含有大量菌丝及孢子,红曲的薄层色谱中在与对照品洛伐他汀色谱相应的位置上有一斑点,采用高效液相色谱法,洛伐他汀在５～１００μｇ／ｍｌ线性关系良好,加样回收率为９６．４％（ＲＳＤ＝３．６８％,ｎ＝５）。结论：方法准确、简便、灵敏,为红曲的质量评价和质量控制提供了依据。