The postnatal development of the inferior oblique muscle of the cat

Transversal sections of the inferior oblique muscle from kittens of various ages and from adult cats were stained for myofibrillar ATP-ase at Ph 9.4 and 4.35, succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) and fat. The same muscles had previously been submitted to studies of contractional and fatigue properties. With ATPase the fibers could be differentiated into types I, II and II C. The percentages of each fiber type remained approximately the same from birth onwards. In the inner, global layer of the muscle, type I fibers showed a linear increase in size, but types II and IIC fibers an accelerated growth after age 20 weeks. In the outer, orbital layer, where no type I fibers were seen, types II and IIC fibers showed the same growth pattern as in the global layer. The fiber content of SHD and fat was low at birth but increased after two weeks of age. Type I fibers were poor and type IIC fibers rich in SDH and fat. Type II fibers showed varying amounts of these substances. Provided that type 1 fibers are slow, type II fast and type II C intermediate in speed of contraction, like in other muscles, the findings on fiber growth and SDH content seem to support the idea that slow, fatigue resistant components in eye muscles reach maturity earlier than fast components.     

Further studies on the composition of the acquired enamel pellicle

Abstract – In the present study pellicle material was collected from human teeth 2, 4 and 6 hr after cleaning. The material obtained was examined by gel filtration, ion exchange chromatography on CM-Sephadex and DEAE-Sephadex with subsequent amino acid analyses of the major anionic component. No major changes were observed to occur either in the overall composition or in the main anionic component of the pellicle during the first 6 hr.     

SLEEP BEHAVIOUR STUDIED LONGITUDINALLY

ABSTRACT. Data on sleep behaviour have been extracted from a prospective longitudinal study of growth in a random sample of, originally, about 200 children, with annual examinations. The purpose was to assess to what extent data at 4 years on duration of sleep, night-awakening and habitual sharing of the parents'bed can predict conditions in these respects at 8, 12 and 16 years. The predictive power is slight in general concerning the first two variables, while the habit of sharing the parents'bed is rather more difficult to shake off, above all when the child has reached school age (6–7 years in Sweder).     

Chemistry of the sulfate groups in a sulfated glycoprotein from rabbit submandibular gland

abstract – A ³⁵S-labeled sulfated glycoprotein was isolated from rabbit submandibular glands. Acid stability studies on the ³⁵sulfate groupings present in the intact glycoprotein gave a half-life of 45 min. Partial acid hydrolysis of the ³⁵S-labeled glycoprotein in 0.1 M HCl for 90 min at 100°C liberated a radioactive fraction which was free from peptide and fractionated in the monosaccharide range of a Sephadex G-15 column. Examination of this fraction by paper chromatography revealed the presence of a major component having the characteristics of N-acetylglucosaminc 6-0-sulfate and a minor component having the properties of N-acetylgalactosaminc 6-0-sulfate. The presence of ester sulfate groups in the intact glycoprotein was confirmed by infrared spectroscopy.     

Relation of amylase to starch and Lycasin® metabolism in human dental plaque in vitro

abstract — Acid production activity (APA) in plaque suspensions from glucose, boiled soluble starch and hydrogenated starch hydrolysate (Lycasin®) was studied in 11 subjects. Amylase (alpha-1,4-glucan 4-glucanohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.1) activity was measured in plaque and whole saliva samples from the same persons. Lycasin was found to be hydrolyzed by salivary amylase under the formation of di- and oligosaccharides, however, with a lower rate than starch. A high correlation was found between APA from glucose and from soluble starch and between APA from soluble starch and plaque amylase activity. No correlation was found between amylase activity in saliva and APA from soluble starch or between amylase activity in saliva or plaque and APA from Lycasin. APA from Lycasin was about 62% and from soluble starch about 76% of the APA from glucose. 0–25% of the total number of cultivable microorganisms from the plaque produced extracellular starch-degrading enzymes. No correlation was found between number of starch-degrading microorganisms and APA from soluble starch or between these numbers and the plaque amylase activity. By electrophoreses only amylase fractions of human origin were found in whole saliva, plaque supernatants and plaque suspensions, indicating that the microbial amylase activity in the plaque is low compared with that of salivary origin.