单纯疱疹病毒1功能性基因在角膜内潜伏感染的实验研究

目的 研究角膜中是否有单纯疱疹病毒１型功能性基因的潜伏。方法 在新西兰白兔角膜上制作典型的单纯疱疹病毒１型引发的角膜炎模型,然后将进入稳定期的病变角膜移植到健康兔眼上,术后２周取下植片。每下植片标本均分为三部分,一部分角膜片先行ＨＳＶ－１抗原检测,另一部分采用多聚酶链反应技术检测ＨＳＶ－１潜伏相关转录、胸苷激酶和ＤＮＡ聚合酶基因,第三部分经器官培养３周后,再与兔原代肾细胞一起培养１周,再检测培养后     

3'-大豆苷元磺酸钠在缺血再灌注损伤时对视网膜抗氧化能力及NOS活性的影响

目的 研究3'-大豆苷元磺酸钠(DSS)在大鼠视网膜缺血再灌注损伤时对视网膜抗氧化能力及一氧化氮合酶(NOS)活性的影响.方法 24只SD大鼠按随机数字表法分成4组:对照组、视网膜缺血再灌注模型组、低剂量(1 mg/kg)及高剂量(2 mg/kg)DSS组.颈总动脉夹闭法制作视网膜缺血再灌注模型,比色法测定血清丙二醛(MDA)、一氧化氮(NO)浓度及NOS、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性.结果 与对照组相比,模型组血清MDA浓度升高(P＜0.05),NO浓度降低、eNOS活性降低(P＜0.01).与模型组比较,低剂量DSS组MDA浓度降低、SOD活性升高(P＜0.05);高剂量DSS组GSH-Px活性升高(P＜0.05),tNOS活性升高(P＜0.05);DSS低剂量组(P＜0.05)及高剂量组(P＜0.01)NO浓度与模型组比较均升高,低剂量及高剂量DSS组eNOS活性均升高(P＜0.05).结论 DSS可通过提高eNOS、SOD及GSH-Px的活性,从而提高视网膜缺血再灌注损伤时的抗氧化能力及NO的释放,降低组织细胞损伤,保护眼功能.     

角蛋白、波形蛋白、神经细丝蛋白在人胎内耳的定位表达

本文对合法引产9～32周胎龄的人内耳中角蛋白、波形蛋白、神经细丝蛋白的表达进行了免疫组织化学定位研究。结果发现增殖期的前庭器和Corti器始基细胞均有这三种中间纤维的表达。随着内耳分化的进行，用蛋白表达部位限于表皮板、网板、支持细胞、血管纹和前庭壁细胞。波形蛋白的表达部位分布在Corti器始基细胞、一些支持细胞、环绕的结缔组织、软骨细胞、骨组织、血管纹缘细胞、螺旋神经节细胞和神经纤维，前庭感觉上度表达反应弱。神经细丝蛋白除了在神经细胞和神经纤维表达阳性外，在Corti器站基细胞上部、血管纹原始细胞表达明显，软骨细胞和骨组织表达弱。内耳发育成熟期，这三种中间纤维蛋白在感觉毛细胞和听毛细胞的内部都无阳性表达。研究结果提示：这三种中间纤维参与人内耳的发育，可能与人内耳功能的发生有关。     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者上呼吸道的CT研究

目的 :探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征 (OSAS)患者和正常人的上呼吸道CT资料的差异。方法 :对经多导睡眠监测 (PSG)确诊的OSAS患者和年龄性别相近的正常成年人各 5 3例 ,采用螺旋CT对上呼吸道进行连续扫描 ,测量并比较两组间有关数据。结果 :OSAS组软腭后区、悬雍垂区和舌后区的横截面积均明显小于对照组 ;左右径在所测量的 4个平面中均明显短于对照组 ;而前后径的比较除悬雍垂区以外 ,两组间差异均不明显 ;前后径 /左右径比值在会厌后区差异不显著 ,其余 3个区域差异明显 ;咽后壁的软组织厚度比较软腭后区和悬雍垂区差异明显 ,咽侧壁的软组织厚度比较 ,4个测量平面差异均显著 ,软腭后区咽侧脂肪面积比较差异不显著。结论 :上呼吸道的解剖性狭窄是OSAS的主要发病原因之一 ,造成上呼吸道解剖性狭窄的主要原因是咽侧壁软组织的明显增厚并导致气道左右径的缩短     

EGF-PE4O重组毒素对喉鳞癌细胞株Hep-2的毒性作用

观察EGF－PE40重组毒素对喉鳞癌细胞的毒性作用,为寻找新型的治疗头颈鳞癌的生物制剂奠定基础。应用MTT比色法测定EGF－PE40重组毒素的生物学活性。并在光镜下观察Hep－2细胞形态变化。确定MTT比色法中Hep－2细胞浓度为2×104／well。选择10％SDS－0．01mol／LHCI作为MTT结晶的溶解液,当EGF－PE40重组毒素为0．53ng／ml时,50％的Hep－2细胞死亡,在一定范围内,随重组毒素增加,细胞损伤加重。     

Mechanisms of the Bushen Huoxue formula in the treatment of osteoarthritis based on network pharmacology-molecular targets

Background:Osteoarthritis is a common degenerative disease with a high incidence, high disability rate, and poor prognosis. Clinical studies have shown that Bushen Huoxue formula can relieve joint swelling and pain and improve limb function and joint mobility, but there is a lack of high-quality scientific basis. Using network pharmacology and molecular docking technology to study the mechanism of Bushen Huoxue formula in the treatment of osteoarthritis.Methods:First, the active ingredients and corresponding target predictions of the formula were obtained through the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure. Meanwhile, the osteoarthritis disease targets were obtained through the genome annotation database platform (GeneCards) and the DrugBank database, and the target proteins obtained above were standardized using the Uniprot (https://www.uniprot.org) database standardization of names. Then, the Venn diagram was created by taking the intersection of the active ingredient and the target of the disease, and the “active ingredient-target” network was constructed and analyzed using Cytoscape 3.7.2 software. At the same time, the intersecting targets were imported into the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interaction Gene/Proteins database to build a protein-protein interaction network and to screen the core targets; the intersecting targets were visualized by using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery 6.8 database for gene ontology functional analysis and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis, and construct the “active ingredient-target-pathway” network. Finally, the main active ingredients of the formula for tonifying the kidney and invigorating the blood were validated by molecular docking with the core targets.Results:A total of 194 active ingredients and 365 targets of the Bushen Huoxue formula were collected, 776 targets for osteoarthritis diseases and 96 targets for the intersection of active ingredients and diseases. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis yielded 104 relevant pathways, including tumor necrosis factor signaling pathways, cancer signaling pathways, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor signaling pathways, Toll-like receptors signaling pathways, and osteoclast differentiation, apoptosis, T-cell receptor signaling pathway, and other related pathways. The molecular docking results showed good binding of the main active ingredients to the core targets.Conclusion:This study shows that the treatment of osteoarthritis involves multicomponent, multitarget, and multipathway processes. The mechanism of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, inhibition of cartilage matrix degradation, and reduction of subchondral bone destruction may be an important mechanism for the therapeutic effect.     

Effect of low-dose lidocaine on MEPs in patients undergoing intracranial tumor resection with propofol anesthesia: A randomized controlled trial

Objective:To investigate the effect of low-dose lidocaine on motor evoked potentials (MEPs) in patients undergoing intracranial tumor resection with propofol anesthesia.Methods:Forty patients who underwent intracranial tumor resection and required MEP monitoring were selected. They were randomly divided into the lidocaine group (group L, n = 20) and the control group (group C, n = 20) by computer-generated randomization. All patients were given propofol anesthesia under the guidance of the bispectral index. In group L, 1 mg/kg of lidocaine was injected intravenously during anesthesia induction. Then, lidocaine was continuously pumped at a speed of 1 mg/kg/h until the operation started. Group C was given an equal volume of normal saline. Heart rate (HR), mean artery pressure (MAP), and bispectral index were recorded before anesthesia induction (T0), 2 minutes after tracheal intubation (T1), and 35 minutes (T2), and 50 minutes (T3) after anesthesia induction. The amplitude and latency of MEP at T2 and T3, the total dosage of propofol after anesthesia induction, and adverse events before T3 were recorded.Results:Compared with those in group C, HR and MAP were significantly decreased at T1 in group L. No significant differences were observed in HR and MAP at T0, T2, and T3 between group L and group C. The total dosage of propofol and the incidence of adverse events were significantly lower in group L than in group C before T3. There were no significant differences in the amplitude and latency of MEP between the 2 groups at each time point.Conclusions:Low-dose lidocaine has no obvious effect on MEP in patients undergoing intracranial tumor resection. However, it increased hemodynamic stability, reduced propofol use, and decreased the incidence of adverse events.     

脑脊液腺苷脱氨酶联合实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应在老年结核性脑膜炎诊断中的应用

目的探讨脑脊液腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)联合试时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(PCR)技术在老年结核性脑膜炎(结脑)诊断中的意义。方法以我院近7年来收治的老年结脑107例为研究对象,随机分为对照组和试验组,对照组检测脑脊液常规、生化,试验组在此基础上利用酶比色法测定脑脊液ADA活性,利用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测脑脊液结核分枝杆菌DNA。结果联合上述2项指标老年结脑的早期确诊率试验组(38.5%)明显高于对照组(14.5%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。中期确诊率试验组(67.3%)亦明显高于对照组(43.6%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或<0.01)。结论脑脊液中ADA活性检测及脑脊液结核分枝杆菌DNA测定可明显提高老年结脑早中期确诊率。     

螺旋断层放疗在早期年轻宫颈癌患者保卵巢根治术后放疗中的剂量学研究

目的：比较螺旋断层放疗（helical tomotherapy,TOMO）和调强放射治疗（intensity-modulated radiotherapy,IMRT）在早期年轻宫颈癌患者保卵巢根治术后放疗中的剂量学特点。方法：共纳入宫颈癌保卵巢根治术的早期年轻患者21例,同一患者均分别采用TOMO和IMRT两种照射技术设计放疗计划,比较2种计划靶区剂量的适形度（conformity index,CI）和均匀性（homo－geneity index,HI）,靶区和危及器官（organs at risk,OARs）的剂量学分布以及机器跳数（monitor unit,MU）、治疗时间（delivery time,DT）。结果：采用TOMO放疗技术的肿瘤靶区CI为0.894±0.006,HI为1.082±0.006,均优于IMRT（0.855±0.008,1.106±0.006）（P=0.000,P=0.023）,差异有统计学意义。对于卵巢的保护,TOMO计划的V5仅有17.20±0.18,明显小于IMRT计划（38.92±0.70）,差异有统计学意义（P=0.000）;Dmean（4.21±0.03）也低于IMRT计划（4.82±0.04）。对于其他正常器官,TOMO同样具有剂量学优势,但是TOMO需要更多的治疗跳数（7 729±42）,而IMRT的平均治疗跳数为（1 974±23）,差异有统计学意义（P=0.000）。两者的治疗时间相当。结论：TOMO技术能获得更好的靶区适形度和均匀性,对于卵巢及盆腔正常器官的保护更优,是早期年轻宫颈癌患者保卵巢根治术后放疗的最好选择。     

高强度聚焦超声治疗前列腺癌的临床进展

高强度聚焦超声（high intensity focused ultrasound,HIFU）作为一种微创治疗手段,相比于手术有着创伤小、并发症少的优点,目前已应用于肿瘤的治疗,尤其是在前列腺癌的局部治疗方面,在国内外取得了一定进展,本文就前列腺癌HIFU治疗的现状作一综述。