张謇的体育思想及其时代价值

张謇作为中国近代著名的实业家,也热衷于发展教育事业。张謇的体育思想,受当时一些主要社会思潮的影响,以“武备精神”为核心,以“体力与智力平均发达”为手段,以“德行艺全面发展”为灵魂,一贯主张体育与其它学科具有同等地位。张謇的体育思想,与当时时代主题相契合,明确体育课程的地位与价值,支持体育竞技活动的参与,高度重视公共体育场地设施建设,主张政府和学校共同致力于体育教育的大力发展,对当代中国的教育体育改革具有重要的借鉴意义。     

乳腺浸润性导管癌不同部位的微淋巴管密度与VEGF-C、D表达的关系

目的:探讨乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中血管内皮生长因子C(VEGF-C)和血管内皮生长因子D(VEGF-D)的表达及其与不同部位淋巴管生成的关系。方法:对79例乳腺浸润性导管癌组织行链霉素-生物素过氧化酶(SP)染色法染色,观察癌组织和正常乳腺组织中VEGF-C、VFGF-D蛋白表达以及D2.40标记的微淋巴管,并分析其相互关系。结果:LSD法分析显示,癌边缘区微淋巴管密度(LMVD)在VEGF-C各组间(-组,+组,++组,+++组)差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),Spearman相关分析表明VEGF-C的表达与癌边缘区LMVD之间呈正相关(r=0.721,P<0.01)。LSD法分析显示癌边缘区LMVD在VEGF-D各组间(-组,+组,++组,+++组,++++组)差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Spearman相关分析表明VEGF-D的表达与癌边缘区LMVD之间呈正相关(r=0.828,P<0.01)。结论:VEGF-C、D蛋白表达与乳腺癌边缘区LMVD呈正相关,VEGF-C、D促进乳腺癌边缘区LMVD增高具有叠加效应。     

熊脱氧胆酸、地塞米松、思美泰对抗孕大鼠肝内胆汁淤积症的比较研究

目的　比较熊脱氧胆酸 (UDCA)、思美泰 (SAMe)和地塞米松 (DEX)对乙炔雌二醇 (EE)诱发妊娠大鼠肝内胆汁淤积综合征的治疗作用。方法　孕 15dWistar大鼠 5 0只 ,随机分成对照组、EE组、UDCA组、SAMe组和DEX组 ,分别给予丙二醇 (PG)、EE 2 .5mg·kg-1 ·d-1 皮下注射 ;UDCA组、SAMe组和DEX组在注射EE同时分别给予UDCA 10 0mg·kg-1 ·d-1 ;SAMe 10 0mg·kg-1 ·d-1 ;DEX 1mg·kg-1 ·d-1 连续 5d后测定孕鼠血清谷丙转氨酶 (ALT)、谷草转氨酶 (AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、和甘胆酸 (GC) ,并观察肝脏形态学变化及胎鼠生长发育情况。结果　UDCA组血清GC、ALP、ALT较DEX组显著降低 (P <0 .0 0 1) ;与SAMe组相比也有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 ,P <0 .0 1) ;各组间光镜观察和硝酸银染色均无明显差异 ;UDCA组胆小管管腔扩张较DEX组和SAMe组减轻 ;胎鼠体重和存活数较DEX组和SAMe组显著升高 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　UDCA、DEX和SAMe可不同程度治疗EE诱发的孕鼠肝内胆汁淤积 ,UDCA作用优于DEX和SAMe。     

基于ResNet深度网络的人类蛋白质图谱图像分类方法研究

将基于深度学习的图像分类方法引入人类蛋白质图谱图像分类中,利用ResNet深度网络构建面向人类蛋白质图谱图像分类的深度卷积神经网络,通过混合模式的蛋白质显微镜图像进行验证。结果表明该方法比其他自动分类法具有更高的准确率和精度,大大节约人力和时间。     

基于血清代谢组学分析热习服相关代谢产物及通路特征

目的：比较热习服与未习服人员血清中小分子代谢物差异,揭示人体热习服相关血清小分子代谢物特征。方法：以70例由温到热跨域作业人员为研究对象,以跨域后暴露于自然高温高湿环境作业或人工空调舒适环境作业为标准分为热习服组（n=40）和未习服组（n=30）。收集他们跨域后60d时清晨空腹血样,标准处理后采用液相色谱-串联质谱法对血清样本进行代谢组学检测,进一步使用Progenesis QI软件和ropls R包筛选两组人员的差异小分子代谢物,并进行KEGG通路富集度分析。结果：两组间年龄和BMI差异均无统计学意义。血清代谢组学检测共发现小分子代谢物1320个,未监督聚类分析能显著预测热习服组和未习服组。两组血清样本间浓度差异在1.5倍（p＜0.05）以上的小分子代谢物89个,其中57个在热习服组升高、32个在热习服组下降;进一步发现差异小分子代谢物主要富集于氨基酸代谢和甘油磷脂代谢等13条代谢通路,涉及色氨酸、甘氨酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸、精氨酸和脯氨酸等通路。结论：热环境暴露下的热习服训练改变了人体血清小分子代谢物的组学特征,表现为氨基酸代谢水平增强,其可能和热耐力的维护有关。     

Dietary Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Induces Satiation by Enhancing the Postprandial Activation of Vagal Afferent Nerves

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is present in the mammalian brain as the main inhibitory neurotransmitter and in foods. It is widely used as a supplement that regulates brain function through stress-reducing and sleep-enhancing effects. However, its underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood, as it is reportedly unable to cross the blood–brain barrier. Here, we explored whether a single peroral administration of GABA affects feeding behavior as an evaluation of brain function and the involvement of vagal afferent nerves. Peroral GABA at 20 and 200 mg/kg immediately before refeeding suppressed short-term food intake without aversive behaviors in mice. However, GABA administration 30 min before refeeding demonstrated no effects. A rise in circulating GABA concentrations by the peroral administration of 200 mg/kg GABA was similar to that by the intraperitoneal injection of 20 mg/kg GABA, which did not alter feeding. The feeding suppression by peroral GABA was blunted by the denervation of vagal afferents. Unexpectedly, peroral GABA alone did not alter vagal afferent activities histologically. The coadministration of a liquid diet and GABA potentiated the postprandial activation of vagal afferents, thereby enhancing postprandial satiation. In conclusion, dietary GABA activates vagal afferents in collaboration with meals or meal-evoked factors and regulates brain function including feeding behavior.     

宫内外复合妊娠的诊断与治疗

宫内外复合妊娠(heterotopic pregnancy,HP)是一种病理性妊娠疾病,在自然妊娠中较为罕见,但随着辅助生殖技术的发展,其发病率逐渐增加.输卵管因素和辅助生殖技术的应用是HP发病的主要因素.经阴道超声和血人绒毛膜促性腺激素(human chorionic gonadotropin,hCG)值的联合应用可...     

IGF-1经PI3K/Akt依赖性途径保护TNF-α诱导的大鼠心肌细胞损伤

目的观察胰岛素样生长因子-1（IGF-1）对肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）处理的大鼠心肌细胞存活率的影响,并探讨其与PI3K/Akt通路的关系。方法心脏逆行灌流胶原酶消化方法分离大鼠的心肌细胞培养1 d后,分为对照组、TNF-α组、IGF-1＋TNF-α组以及IGF-1＋TNF-α＋LY294002组。光学显微镜下观察心肌细胞形态学变化,并用2,3-二苯基溴化四唑（MTT）法测定细胞的存活率。结果心肌细胞活数OD值在TNF-α组较对照组明显降低;IGF-1＋TNF-α组明显高于TNF-α组,与对照组比较无统计学差异;IGF-1＋TNF-α＋LY294002组明显低于IGF-1＋TNF-α组,与TNF-α组比较无统计学差异。结论IGF-1保护TNF-α诱导的大鼠心肌细胞凋亡,这种保护作用经PI3K/Akt通路依赖性机制。     

Universal Screening for Familial Hypercholesterolemia in Children in Kagawa,Japan

Aim: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an underdiagnosed autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by high levels of plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) from birth. This study aimed to assess the genetic identification of FH in children with high LDL-C levels who are identified in a universal pediatric FH screening in Kagawa, Japan. Method: In 2018 and 2019, 15,665 children aged 9 or 10 years underwent the universal lipid screening as part of the annual health checkups for the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases in the Kagawa prefecture. After excluding secondary hyper-LDL cholesterolemia at the local medical institutions, 67 children with LDL-C levels of ≥ 140 mg/dL underwent genetic testing to detect FH causative mutations at four designated hospitals. Results: The LDL-C levels of 140 and 180 mg/dL in 15,665 children corresponded to the 96.3 and 99.7 percentile values, respectively. Among 67 children who underwent genetic testing, 41 had FH causative mutations (36 in the LDL-receptor, 4 in proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9, and 1 in apolipoprotein B). The area under the curve of receiver operating characteristic curve predicting the presence of FH causative mutation by LDL-C level was 0.705, and FH causative mutations were found in all children with LDL-C levels of ≥ 250 mg/dL. Conclusion: FH causative mutations were confirmed in almost 60% of the referred children, who were identified through the combination of the lipid universal screening as a part of the health checkup system and the exclusion of secondary hyper-LDL cholesterolemia at the local medical institutions.     

Preparation and defect structure analysis of near-stoichiometric lithium tantalate wafers

A vapour transfer equilibrium (VTE) method has been used to prepare near-stoichiometric lithium tantalate (NSLT) crystals with different Li contents. The NSLT crystals were tested and analyzed by differential thermal analysis (DTA) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to investigate the effect of Li content on the Curie temperature and internal defects of NSLT crystals. This study found that when the Li content increased in the NSLT wafer, the binding energy corresponding to the peak of the Ta_4f electron layer in the XPS spectrum first decreased and then increased, indicating that the proportion of Ta valence states was different in wafers with different Li contents. From XPS energy spectrum analysis, it can be seen that the lithium tantalate crystal contains Ta⁵⁺, Ta⁴⁺, Ta³⁺ and lower-valence Ta. As the Li content increases in the NSLT wafer, Ta⁴⁺ disappears and the proportion of Ta⁵⁺ decreases initially, follows by a later increase and then subsequent further decrease. However, the change in proportion of Ta³⁺ and lower-price Ta is completely opposite to that of Ta⁵⁺, showing a trend of first rising, then falling and then finally rising again. Moreover, when the Li content is 49.751% in the NSLT wafer, the proportion of Ta⁵⁺ reaches a maximum, showing that at this Li concentration the NSLT crystal has a more perfect lattice structure. In this study, we propose a mixed defect model in which polarons coexist with Li vacancies and Ta inversion, explaining the change in Ta valence state in lithium tantalate crystals. This model is more in line with the observed results in this work. The new hybrid defect model and the variation law of Ta valence state with Li concentration proposed in this paper provide a new direction and experimental proof for the defect study of NSLT crystals, and also provide a theoretical basis to explore the Li content at the best physical properties of NSLT crystals.

A vapour transfer equilibrium (VTE) method has been used to prepare near-stoichiometric lithium tantalate (NSLT) crystals with different Li contents.