头孢克洛在健康人体内的药物动力学研究

采用ＨＰＬＣ测定健康志愿者血浆中头孢克洛的浓度。方法简便快速，结果准确。平均回收率为１０２．１８±４．０１％，日间及日内ＲＳＤ均小于６％。血药浓度－时间曲线符合一室模型。     

豨莶脂溶性成分的研究

从豨莶(Siegesbeckia orientalis L.)的地上部分,分离出八个化合物,其中I和I根据理化性质和光谱数据确定其结构为ent-17-acetoxy-18-isobutyryloxy-16(α)-kauran-19-oicacid(I)和ent-17-ethoxy-16(α)-kauran-19-oicacid(II),均为新化合物,分别被命为豨莶酯酸(siegesesteric acid,I)和豨莶醚酸(siegesetheric acid,I)。其余化合物分别鉴定为腺梗豨莶萜醇酸(ent-16β,17-dihydroxy-kauran-19-oicacid,II),奇任醇(kirenol,IV,β-谷甾醇葡萄糖甙(β-sitosterolglucoside,V),二十一醇(heneicosanol,VI),花生酸甲酯(methyl arachidate,VII)和β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,VII)。除奇任醇和β-谷甾醇外,均为首次从该植物中分得。     

Prolactin activates protein kinase C and stimulates growth-related gene expression in rat liver.

We have examined the effect of prolactin (PRL) on growth-related gene expression, protein kinase C (PKC) activity and diacylglycerol (DAG) mass in rat liver. Hepatic levels of messenger (m)RNA for c-myc, ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and beta-actin increased in a dose-dependent manner within 1 h after PRL administration. Prolactin also caused a transient elevation of liver DAG levels and particulate-associated PKC activity. The PRL-provoked increases in DAG mass and particulate PKC activity were coincident and maximal at 20 min and began declining toward control levels by 30 min. These results suggest a temporal relationship between PRL-stimulated DAG accumulation and PKC activation. Furthermore, the subsequent rapid induction of growth-related gene expression provides new information on the role of PRL as a hepatic mitogen.     

Use of rigid and flexible sigmoidoscopy by family physicians in the United States

To investigate the incidence of use of the flexible and rigid proctosigmoidoscopes by family physicians, a questionnaire was mailed to 1,585 randomly selected members of the American Academy of Family Physicians. Of the total of 1,057 respondents, 48 percent performed sigmoidoscopy, with 30 percent performing flexible sigmoidoscopy, 31 percent performing rigid sigmoidoscopy, and 48 percent performing at least one of the procedures. Younger physicians were found to be more likely to perform flexible sigmoidoscopy, as were physicians who practice in communities of fewer than 500,000 population. Nationwide, more of the flexible procedures are performed in private offices than in the hospital. Physicians in communities of less than 500,000, however, are more likely to use the flexible sigmoidoscope in a hospital setting than are physicians in larger urban areas [corrected]. Board-certified physicians were more likely to perform one or both procedures than were noncertified physicians.