不同微生物诱导家蝇幼虫表达抗菌肽的特性

研究不同微生物诱导家蝇幼虫表达的抗菌肽特性.用3种不同的病源菌通过针刺感染的方法诱导家蝇幼虫表达抗菌肽,通过Sephadex G25分离,用Hult mark改进法和抑菌圈测定法作抑菌试验,用毛细管电泳（CE）分析不同微生物诱导得到的抗菌肽样品差异,检测抗菌肽的热稳定性和酸碱耐受性.发现不同微生物诱导产生的家蝇抗菌肽具有广谱抑菌性,但不同样品对不同病源菌抑菌活性有差异,不同测定抑菌效果的方法对抑菌结果有影响,各种抗菌肽样品CE蛋白谱具有明显不同.抗菌肽样品都具有热稳定性和酸碱耐受性.说明不同微生物诱导产生的家蝇抗菌肽类型以及抗菌肽含量与诱导源有关,抗菌肽为家蝇幼虫体内固有成分,诱导增加了抗菌肽的表达量同时刺激新抗菌肽的产生.用志贺氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌诱导家蝇幼虫可产生较多含量高活性好的抗菌肽.     

Coma arousal procedure: A therapeutic intervention in the treatment of head injury

This study reports on the efficacy of a 'coma arousal procedure'. This procedure involved a programme of vigorous sensory stimulation administered to comatose patients by relatives using Comakits. An experimental group of 12 severely head-injured patients received the coma arousal procedure while a matched control group did not. Total duration of coma and weekly Glasgow Coma Scale Scores were recorded for the two groups. Results indicate that the total duration of coma was significantly shorter and that coma lightened more rapidly for the experimental group.     

Clinical evaluation of technetium-99m infecton for the localisation of bacterial infection

The aim of the study was to distinguish infection from inflammation in patients with suspected infection using technetium-99m Infecton. Ninety-nine patients (102 studies) referred for infection evaluation underwent imaging with 400 MBq^99mTc-Infecton at 1 and 4 h. Most patients had appropriate microbiological tests and about half (56) had radiolabelled white cell scans as well. No adverse effects were noted in any patient. The clinical efficacy of^99mTc-Infecton depended in part on whether imaging was undertaken during intibiotic therapy for infection or not. In consultation with the microbiologist, 5–14 days of appropriate and successful antibiotic therapy was considered adequate to classify some results as true-negatives. The figures for sensitivity and specificity of^99mTc-Infecton for active or unsuccessfully treated infection were 83% and 91% respectively. It is concluded that^99mTc-Infecton imaging contributed to the differential diagnosis of inflammation. It is being used as the first imaging modality when bacterial infection is suspected.     

胃癌组织中核基质蛋白的变化

目的：研究胃癌组织核基质蛋白的改变。方法：应用SDS－PAGE技术及Geneools定量分析软件，对22例胃癌组织及正常组织的核心基质蛋白进行了研究，结果：胃癌组织与正常组织比较，Mr为30000，28000的核基质蛋白表达量明显减少（P＜0．05），不同分化类型及不同临床分期胃癌组织间比较，此种核基质蛋白表达量差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05），结论：胃癌组织中核基质蛋白的改变可能在肿瘤的早期已经发生，是胃癌发生的早期分子事件。     

Central corticotropin releasing factor reduces natural cytotoxicity. Time course of action

Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) administered intracerebroventricularly produced both a rapid, greater than 50% reduction in splenic natural killer (NK) cytotoxicity and a prolonged elevation in plasma corticosterone levels. In the first 60 minutes following CRF, fivefold increases in corticosterone levels were associated with the suppression of NK activity. However, NK activity returned to control levels at later time points even though elevated plasma corticosterone levels persisted. These data augment the findings that central CRF reduces natural cytotoxicity and establish a time course for the effect in acutely treated rats.     

Pseudomembranous tracheobronchitis caused by Aspergillus

Four immunosuppressed patients with a rapidly evolving, febrile, respiratory distress syndrome were found at autopsy to have Aspergillus pseudomembranes of their lower tracheobronchial tree. Steroids, neutropenia, broad spectrum antibiotic use, and alcoholism appear to be predisposing risk factors. Bronchoscopy may reveal the pathology but antemortem diagnosis is difficult because of the low yield of sputum cultures and fulminant nature of the disease.     

Why do women doctors in the UK take hormone replacement therapy?

STUDY OBJECTIVES: To ascertain the determinants and experiences of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) use by menopausal women doctors. DESIGN: Postal questionnaire. SETTING: UK. PATIENTS: A randomized stratified sample of women doctors who obtained full registration between 1952 and 1976, taken from the current Principal List of the UK Medical Register. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Current and previous use of HRT; reasons for and against HRT use; menopausal status; hormonal contraceptive use; lifestyle patterns; family and personal history of disease. MAIN RESULTS: While 73.2% of 471 users had started HRT for symptom relief, 60.9% cited prevention of osteoporosis and 32.7 prevention of cardiovascular disease. Altogether 18.7% had started for preventive purposes alone. Significant predisposing factors to starting HRT were the presence and severity of menopausal symptoms, surgical menopause, past use of hormonal contraception, and a family history of osteoporosis. HRT users were also more likely to use skimmed rather than full fat milk, to try to increase their intake of fruit, vegetables, and fibre, and to undertake vigorous physical activity at least once a week. They were less likely to have had breast cancer. Long duration users were more likely than short duration users to be past users of hormonal contraception and to be using HRT for prevention of osteoporosis as well as symptom relief; they were less likely to have experienced side effects. CONCLUSIONS: The high usage of HRT by women doctors reflects the fact that many started HRT on their own initiative and with long term prevention in mind. The results may become generalisable to the wider population as information on the potential benefits of HRT is disseminated and understood. However, HRT users may differ slightly from non-users in health-related behaviour and a substantial minority may never take up HRT, at least until the benefit-risk ratio is more clearly established.