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41.
Distance learning in a school nurse credential program. 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Distance learning, which encompasses many methodologies, is becoming a more readily available educational alternative. Because there are a limited number of school nurse credential programs and the demand for school nurses is increasing, distance learning may be a viable method of instruction. This article describes the authors' experiences organizing and presenting distance learning courses to five remote sites for students in a university school nurse credential program. After numerous inquiries, potential students from several areas were surveyed, and arrangements were made with universities in those areas to receive two-way audio and video transmissions of two seminar courses; later, two clinically oriented courses in the school nurse program. Students were able to complete their program requirements by taking equivalent course work at their local universities. Perceptions of students and the instructor, course evaluation, and practical suggestions are shared. Guidelines for potential students about selecting quality distance education programs are also noted. 相似文献
42.
Hinrich Böhner Detlef Kindgen-Milles Andreas Grust Rolf Buhl Wolf-Christian Lillotte Barbara T. Müller Eckhard Müller Günter Fürst Wilhelm Sandmann 《Langenbeck's archives of surgery / Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Chirurgie》2002,387(1):21-26
BACKGROUND: The efficacy of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) as a prophylactic method for preventing cardiopulmonary complications after major vascular surgery has not been investigated. PATIENTS/METHODS: In a prospective randomized trial, 204 patients undergoing elective midline laparotomy for vascular surgery were randomized to receive standard therapy ( n=105) or additional prophylactic nCPAP ( n=99) for the first postoperative night. Postoperative oxygenation, incidence of severe cardiac, and pulmonary complications, length of intensive care surveillance and length of total postoperative hospital stay (LOS) were compared. RESULTS: Prophylactic nCPAP significantly reduced the number of patients with severe oxygenation disturbances defined as paO(2) < 70 mmHg with FiO(2) > or = 0.7 (5 versus 17, P=.01). There were no differences with respect to death, cardiac and pulmonary complications, length of intensive care surveillance or LOS. CONCLUSION: Prophylactic 12 h nCPAP significantly reduces the occurrence of postoperative oxygenation disturbances but has no effect on cardiac or pulmonary complications, need for intensive care, LOS or mortality after major vascular surgery. 相似文献
43.
Fady K. Baddoura Isam W. Nasr Barbara Wrobel Qi Li Nancy H. Ruddle Fadi G. Lakkis 《American journal of transplantation》2005,5(3):510-516
Lymphoid neogenesis is the process by which ectopic lymphoid accumulations that resemble lymph nodes arise in nonlymphoid tissues. Such lymphoid accumulations, known as tertiary lymphoid organs (TLO), are observed in chronic autoimmunity and they propagate immune pathology by setting up local antigen presenting sites. Whether lymphoid neogenesis occurs in transplanted organs and contributes to rejection is not well understood. To begin to address this question, we retrospectively analyzed 319 murine cardiac allografts for microscopic evidence of lymph-node-like structures. We found 78 allografts that had either classical TLO, characterized by discrete T- and B-cell zones and high endothelial venules (HEV) expressing peripheral node addressin (PNAd) (n = 34), or PNAd(+) HEV without organized lymphoid accumulations (n = 44). These changes were present in both short- and long-lived allografts and were invariably associated with rejection. Importantly, they occurred in 78% of allografts undergoing chronic rejection (n = 85) but in only 7% of allografts undergoing primarily acute rejection (n = 184). These findings indicate that, like autoimmunity, alloimmunity is associated with lymphoid neogenesis in the target organ and suggest a role for local T-cell activation in chronic allograft rejection. 相似文献
44.
Susan B Fowler Michael Moussouttas Barbara Mancini 《The Journal of neuroscience nursing》2005,37(4):220-223
Metabolic syndrome is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. The World Health Organization and National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III have identified physiologic abnormalities associated with metabolic syndrome, including impaired glucose metabolism, high blood pressure, elevated cholesterol levels, and abdominal obesity. It is estimated that 47 million Americans have metabolic syndrome. A variety of therapies may help reduce the incidence and risk, including diet, weight loss, physical exercise, glycemic control, and pharmacological treatments. Nursing care is focused on developing an individualized plan of care that includes family members and providing education, psychosocial support, close monitoring, and continued follow-up to ensure adherence and success in achieving patient outcomes. 相似文献
45.
46.
Anna Krygowska-Wajs William P. Cheshire Zbigniew K. Wszolek Alicja Hubalewska-Dydejczyk Barbara Jasinska-Myga Matthew J. Farrer Marek Moskala Anna Sowa-Staszczak 《Parkinsonism & related disorders》2009,15(9):692-696
ObjectiveTo assess for the presence of gastric dysmotility in familial and sporadic Parkinson disease (PD).Methods10 subjects with familial Parkinson disease (fPD), 35 subjects with sporadic Parkinson disease (sPD), and 15 controls, all from academic tertiary care movement disorders centers, were studied. fPD was defined as the presence of at least 2 affected individuals within 2–3 consecutive generations in a family. Molecular genetic analysis has not revealed, thus far, any known genomic abnormality in these families. Gastric emptying was assessed by dynamic abdominal scintigraphy over 92 min following ingestion of a solid meal containing 99mTc-labeled colloid of 40 MBq activity. The main outcome measures were gastric emptying half-time and radiotracer activity over the gastric area at 46 and at 92 min.ResultsGastric emptying time was delayed in 60% of subjects with PD. In comparison to mean t1/2 of 38 ± 7 min in controls, mean t1/2 was 58 ± 25 min in fPD (p = 0.02) and 46 ± 25 min in sPD (p = 0.10). Both fPD and sPD groups included subjects with delayed gastric emptying at an early stage of disease.ConclusionsPatients with fPD showed significantly delayed gastric emptying in comparison to normal age-matched individuals. Further studies of gastrointestinal dysfunction in PD, particularly fPD, are warranted. 相似文献
47.
48.
Sheela R Geraghty Barbara S Davidson Barbara B Warner Amy L Sapsford Jeanne L Ballard Betsy A List Rachel Akers Ardythe L Morrow 《Journal of human lactation》2005,21(1):59-66
Although there are well-established clinical human milk banks in the United States, there are no milk banks specifically intended to foster research on human milk. The authors' goal was to establish a milk bank with a core data set to support exploratory and hypothesis-driven studies on human milk. Donations to the Cincinnati Children's Research Human Milk Bank are accepted within the context of ongoing, hypothesis-driven research or on an ad hoc basis. Donors must give informed consent, and scientists wishing to use the samples must have Institutional review board approval for their use. Development of more research human milk banks can potentially provide resources for multidisciplinary collaboration and advance the study of human milk and lactation. 相似文献
49.
Barbara Sibbald 《Canadian Medical Association journal》2005,172(9):1169
50.
Practical management of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer treated with gefitinib. 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Neelam T Shah Mark G Kris William Pao Leslie B Tyson Barbara M Pizzo Murk-Hein Heinemann Leah Ben-Porat Dana L Sachs Robert T Heelan Vincent A Miller 《Journal of clinical oncology》2005,23(1):165-174
PURPOSE: The use of gefitinib, the first drug approved to inhibit the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase, is indicated in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer with tumors progressive after chemotherapy. The unique mechanism of action of this agent leads to distinctive patterns of response and toxicity in persons with lung cancer. Many of the principles of management relevant to gefitinib are distinct from those with conventional cytotoxic drugs. To meet this need, we present practical guidelines on the use of gefitinib in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. METHODS: This article reviews gefitinib's indications, dosing, response phenomena, and patterns of relapse in individuals with radiographic response. RESULTS: We present our recommendations for the management of rash and diarrhea caused by this agent. CONCLUSION: This information can guide practitioners and help them inform their patients about what to expect when they receive gefitinib. 相似文献